2016-2018年西安市水果中17种农药残留风险状况分析
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摘要
为了解2016-2018年西安市3种经济作物樱桃、甜瓜和葡萄中17种农药残留状况以及存在的风险点,为有关部门进一步制定和采取有效的预防控制措施提供数据支持,采用液相色谱质谱联用仪进行定性定量检测。结果表明:吡虫啉为甜瓜、樱桃和葡萄种植常用农药,且在3种水果上均未做限量要求,但其最大检出值低于其他大部分国家的限量要求,因此风险较低;阿维菌素为高毒性农药,且在葡萄种植上未进行登记和无限量要求,因此在葡萄种植上存在风险隐患,应加强管理。无论高毒农药还是低毒农药,即便其检出值未超限量要求,但是作为未登记农药在作物上施用本身就是一种风险隐患。建议相关部门应加强对未登记农药和无限量要求农药的管理,同时农技推广部门应加强科学合理用药的宣贯力度,让广大的水果种植者生产出安全可靠的农产品,避免农产品质量安全事故的发生。
In order to understand the status of 17 pesticide residues in the three cash crops of the city of Xi'an from 2016 to 2018 and the existing risk points,data support was provided for the relevant departments to further develop and adopt effective preventive and control measures.Qualitative and quantitative determination was carried out by liquid chromatography mass spectrometer.The results showed that imidacloprid was a common pesticide for melon,cherry and grape cultivation,and there was no limit requirement on all three fruits,but its maximum detection value was lower than the limit requirement in most other countries,so the risk was low.Abamectin is a highly toxic pesticide,and it is not registered and unlimited in grape cultivation.Therefore,there are hidden risks in grape cultivation and management should be strengthened.Whether it is highly toxic or lowtoxic pesticides,even if the detection value does not exceed the limit requirement,it is a risk risk in itself as an unregistered pesticide.It is suggested that the relevant departments should strengthen the management of unregistered pesticides and unlimited quantities of pesticides,and at the same time the agro-technical promotion department should strengthen the scientific and rational use of medicines,so that the vast number of fruit growers produce safe and reliable agricultural products and avoid the occurrence of agricultural product quality and safety accidents.
In order to understand the status of 17 pesticide residues in the three cash crops of the city of Xi'an from 2016 to 2018 and the existing risk points,data support was provided for the relevant departments to further develop and adopt effective preventive and control measures.Qualitative and quantitative determination was carried out by liquid chromatography mass spectrometer.The results showed that imidacloprid was a common pesticide for melon,cherry and grape cultivation,and there was no limit requirement on all three fruits,but its maximum detection value was lower than the limit requirement in most other countries,so the risk was low.Abamectin is a highly toxic pesticide,and it is not registered and unlimited in grape cultivation.Therefore,there are hidden risks in grape cultivation and management should be strengthened.Whether it is highly toxic or lowtoxic pesticides,even if the detection value does not exceed the limit requirement,it is a risk risk in itself as an unregistered pesticide.It is suggested that the relevant departments should strengthen the management of unregistered pesticides and unlimited quantities of pesticides,and at the same time the agro-technical promotion department should strengthen the scientific and rational use of medicines,so that the vast number of fruit growers produce safe and reliable agricultural products and avoid the occurrence of agricultural product quality and safety accidents.
引文
[1]赵瑞利.大棚里现摘现吃草莓吃完为何上吐下泻[N].华商报(西安),2015-01-02(A3).
[2]国家卫生计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局,农业部GB 2763-2016.食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[3]农药名网[EB/OL].2019-01-16.http://nyfzx.com/showHelp.aspx?id=85.2019.1.16.
[2]国家卫生计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局,农业部GB 2763-2016.食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[3]农药名网[EB/OL].2019-01-16.http://nyfzx.com/showHelp.aspx?id=85.2019.1.16.