热处理对ZM51镁合金力学性能的影响
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摘要
通过光学显微镜(OM)、硬度测试以及室温拉伸等分析手段研究了挤压态Mg-5%Zn-1%Mn(质量分数)合金固溶处理、单级时效处理、固溶+单级时效处理、双级时效处理以及固溶+双级时效处理制度,以及分析了不同热处理制度对ZM51镁合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:工业化挤压生产大截面尺寸的ZM51镁合金经不同时效制度处理后,强度均不同程度的提高,且时效制度不同,合金强度提高的大小也不尽相同。经T6处理的合金峰时效强度大于T5处理的合金峰时效强度,双级时效处理的合金峰时效强度大于单级时效处理的合金峰时效强度,同时, T6处理和双级时效处理的合金断后伸长率均低于T5处理以及单级时效处理的合金断后伸长率。经T6双级时效处理的合金强度最高,断后伸长率最低,抗拉强度达到了340.52 MPa,断后伸长率为6%。此外,大截面尺寸ZM51镁合金挤压材可通过调整工艺,直接借助现有铝合金大型生产设备实现工业化生产。
The aging treatment system of extruded Mg-5%Zn-1%Mn(mass fraction) alloy, including solution, single aging, two-stage aging, solution-treated followed by single aging and solution-treated followed by two-stage aging were studied by means of optical microscopy(OM), hardness test and tensile test. At the same time, the effects of different heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZM51 magnesium alloy were analyzed. The results showed that the strength of the ZM51 magnesium alloy with large section size produced by industrial extrusion were improved by different heat treatments, and the increase of the strength of the alloy varied with the heat treatment. The peak aging strength of the alloy treated by T6 was greater than that of treated by T5, and the peak aging strength of two-stage aging treatment was greater than that of single stage aging treatment. At the same time, compared with T5 treatment and single aging treatment, T6 treatment and two-stage aging treatment could further reduce the elongation of the alloy. Therefore, the alloy treated by two-sage aging following solution treatment had the highest strength and the minimum elongation. The strength of the alloy treated by two-sage aging following solution treatment could be up to 340.52 MPa while the elongation of the alloy reached 6%. In addition, the industrial production of the extruded ZM51 magnesium alloy with large cross sectional dimensions could be realized directly by means of existing large-scale aluminum alloy production equipment through the process adjustment.
The aging treatment system of extruded Mg-5%Zn-1%Mn(mass fraction) alloy, including solution, single aging, two-stage aging, solution-treated followed by single aging and solution-treated followed by two-stage aging were studied by means of optical microscopy(OM), hardness test and tensile test. At the same time, the effects of different heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZM51 magnesium alloy were analyzed. The results showed that the strength of the ZM51 magnesium alloy with large section size produced by industrial extrusion were improved by different heat treatments, and the increase of the strength of the alloy varied with the heat treatment. The peak aging strength of the alloy treated by T6 was greater than that of treated by T5, and the peak aging strength of two-stage aging treatment was greater than that of single stage aging treatment. At the same time, compared with T5 treatment and single aging treatment, T6 treatment and two-stage aging treatment could further reduce the elongation of the alloy. Therefore, the alloy treated by two-sage aging following solution treatment had the highest strength and the minimum elongation. The strength of the alloy treated by two-sage aging following solution treatment could be up to 340.52 MPa while the elongation of the alloy reached 6%. In addition, the industrial production of the extruded ZM51 magnesium alloy with large cross sectional dimensions could be realized directly by means of existing large-scale aluminum alloy production equipment through the process adjustment.
引文
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[15] Marth P E,Aaronson H I,Lorimer G W,Bartel T L,Russell K C.Application of heterogeneous nucleation theory to precipitate nucleation at GP zones [J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1976,7(10):1519.
[16] Shi G L,Zhang D F,Zhang H J,Zhao X B,Qi F G,Zhang K.Influence of pre-deformation on age-hardening response and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-6%Zn-1%Mn alloy [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(3):586.
[17] Zhang D F,Shi G L,Zhao X B,Qi F G.Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg-x%Zn-1%Mn (x=4,5,6,7,8,9) wrought magnesium alloys [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,21(1):15.
[18] Shi G L,Zhang D F,Dai Q W,Yuan W,Duan H L.Microstructures and mechanical properties of high strength Mg-Zn-Mn alloy [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18(S1):59.
[2] Yu K,Li W X,Wang R C,Ma Z Q.Researches,developments and applications of wrought magnesium alloys [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2003,13(2):277.(余琨,黎文献,王日初,马正青.变形镁合金的研究、 开发及应用 [J].中国有色金属学报,2003,13(2):277.)
[3] Wu R Z,Zhang J H,Yin D S.Preparation and Machining Technology of Advanced Magnesium Alloy [M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.8.(巫瑞智,张景怀,尹冬松.先进镁合金制备与加工技术 [M].北京:科学出版社,2012.8.)
[4] Chaudhury P K,Rack H J,Mikucki B A.Effect of double-ageing on mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn reinforced with SiC particulates [J].Journal of Materials Science,1991,26(9):2343.
[5] Mima G,Tanaka Y.The aging characteristics of magnesium-4wt% zinc alloy [J].Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals,1971,12(2):71.
[6] Mima G,Tanaka Y.The main factors affecting the aging of magnesium-zinc alloys [J].Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals,1971,12(2):76.
[7] Oh-Ishi K,Hono K,Shin K S.Effect of pre-aging and Al addition on age-hardening and microstructure in Mg-6 wt% Zn alloys [J].Materials Science & Engineering A,2008,496(1-2):425.
[8] Park S S,Bae G T,Kang D H,Jung I H,Shin K S,Kim N J.Microstructure and tensile properties of twin-roll cast Mg-Zn-Mn-Al alloys [J].Scripta Materialia,2007,57(9):793.
[9] Buha J.Mechanical properties of naturally aged Mg-Zn-Cu-Mn alloy [J].Materials Science & Engineering A,2008,489(1-2):127.
[10] Hu G S,Zhang D F,Zhao D Z,Shen X,Jiang L Y,Pan F S.Microstructures and mechanical properties of extruded and aged Mg-Zn-Mn-Sn-Y alloys [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(10):3070.
[11] Yuan J W,Zhang K,Zhang X H,Li X G,Ma M L,Shi G L.Thermal characteristics of Mg-Zn-Mn alloys with high specific strength and high thermal conductivity [J].Journal of Alloys & Compounds,2013,578(6):32.
[12] Shi G L,Zhang D F,Zhao X B,Zhang K,Li X G,Li Y J,Ma M L.Precipitate evolution in Mg-6 wt% Zn-1 wt% Mn alloy [J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(12):2447.
[13] Zhao X,Zhang K,Li X G,Ma M L,Li Y J,Shi G L.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Zr alloys with Gd additive and heat treatment [J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(4):356.(赵旭,张奎,李兴刚,马鸣龙,李永军,石国梁.Gd含量及热处理对Mg-Gd-Zr合金显微组织和力学性能的影响 [J].稀有金属,2017,41(4):356.)
[14] Yuan J W.Study on Properties of Mg-Zn-Mn Alloys with High Thermal Conductivity [D].Beijing:General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,2013.67.(袁家伟.高导热Mg-Zn-Mn合金及其性能研究 [D].北京:北京有色金属研究总院,2013.67.)
[15] Marth P E,Aaronson H I,Lorimer G W,Bartel T L,Russell K C.Application of heterogeneous nucleation theory to precipitate nucleation at GP zones [J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1976,7(10):1519.
[16] Shi G L,Zhang D F,Zhang H J,Zhao X B,Qi F G,Zhang K.Influence of pre-deformation on age-hardening response and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-6%Zn-1%Mn alloy [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(3):586.
[17] Zhang D F,Shi G L,Zhao X B,Qi F G.Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg-x%Zn-1%Mn (x=4,5,6,7,8,9) wrought magnesium alloys [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,21(1):15.
[18] Shi G L,Zhang D F,Dai Q W,Yuan W,Duan H L.Microstructures and mechanical properties of high strength Mg-Zn-Mn alloy [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18(S1):59.