3ZMP-360型马铃薯中耕起垄施肥机的改进设计
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摘要
针对现有马铃薯中耕起垄施肥机存在的地轮传动不连续、粗制施肥及仿垄成形不够理想等问题,对3 ZMP-3 6 0中耕起垄施肥机驱动装置、肥箱调节装置和成形器进行了改进设计。采用驱动棘轮代替地轮传动,彻底解决了地轮空转、滑行导致肥箱不工作的问题;采用更换链轮调节传动比的方式设计的肥量调整装置,代替了原来靠调节施肥盒开口量的大小来控制施肥量的粗制方式,改进后的调整装置可根据不同土壤和不同品种的需求进行相应施肥,并且能够精确控制施肥量;采用弧面成形器代替原来平面成形器,垄形得到了改善,既保持了所需垄高,又能增加薯垄培土量,更有利薯种的生长发育。试验结果表明:改进后的马铃薯中耕起垄施肥机各项指标均符合国家标准要求,不仅提高了后期马铃薯生产量,而且有效地节约了化肥用量,降低了种植成本。
With the aim to solve the problems of discontinuous transmission of ground wheel rough fertilization and unfavorable imitation shape of ridge,the driving device,the adjusting device of and the former of the 3ZMP-360 potato intertillage and ridge forming fertilizer applicator were redesigned. The ground wheel driving was replaced by ratchet wheel,it could prevent the fertilizer box from not work caused by the idling and planing of ground wheel; the way of replacing sprockets replaced the way of adjusting the opening-degree of fertilizer box to adjust the transmission ratio,and the new adjustment device could fertilize basing on the need of different soil and potato varieties and control the of per acre exactly; the globoidal former was used to replace the plane former,it could improve the shape of ridge,keep the high of ridge and add the amount of soil of the ridge,which were good at the growth and development of potato. The test results showed that the indexes of new potato intertillage and ridge forming fertilizer applicator met the requirements of the national standard,and the new machine could improve the potato production and save the fertilizer application rate and reduce the cost of the farmers.
With the aim to solve the problems of discontinuous transmission of ground wheel rough fertilization and unfavorable imitation shape of ridge,the driving device,the adjusting device of and the former of the 3ZMP-360 potato intertillage and ridge forming fertilizer applicator were redesigned. The ground wheel driving was replaced by ratchet wheel,it could prevent the fertilizer box from not work caused by the idling and planing of ground wheel; the way of replacing sprockets replaced the way of adjusting the opening-degree of fertilizer box to adjust the transmission ratio,and the new adjustment device could fertilize basing on the need of different soil and potato varieties and control the of per acre exactly; the globoidal former was used to replace the plane former,it could improve the shape of ridge,keep the high of ridge and add the amount of soil of the ridge,which were good at the growth and development of potato. The test results showed that the indexes of new potato intertillage and ridge forming fertilizer applicator met the requirements of the national standard,and the new machine could improve the potato production and save the fertilizer application rate and reduce the cost of the farmers.
引文
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[3]吴爱兵,朱德文,陈永生,等.螺杆式有机肥施肥机的研制与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):174-176.
[4]蔺万宝,孙思涛.马铃薯中耕施肥机的研制与试验[J].农机科技推广,2008(1):60.
[5]王金武,潘振伟,周文琪,等.SYJ-2型液肥变量施肥机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):53-58.
[6]王秀,赵春江,孟志军,等.精准变量施肥机的研制与试验[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(5):114-117.
[7]张晓文,尹雪琴.植物精密施肥机的研制与开发[J].农业工程技术:温室园艺,2004(7):61-63.
[8]孟长伊,李广宇,郝宇佳,等.一种多功能深松施肥机的设计与田间试验效果[J].山东农业科学,2014(12):79-83.