环境规制、公众参与和企业环境行为——基于演化博弈和省级面板数据的实证分析
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摘要
为探讨环境规制下公众参与对企业环境行为的影响,构建出政府、公众、企业三方演化博弈模型,通过模型分析得到环境规制、公众参与和企业环境行为之间的相互影响机理,在此基础上通过构建基于中国省级面板数据的空间滞后模型和空间误差模型对研究结论进行实证分析。研究表明:政府环境规制能够促使企业积极履行污染治理义务,政府监管效果受到企业收益状况和成本状况的约束;公众参与行为能够显著降低工业三废排放量,公众参与积极性与其参与成本和心理收益密切相关;公众参与行为在一定程度上对政府环境规制具有替代效应。基于上述研究结论,从企业、政府、公众角度提出相应政策建议,以期为新形势下环境问题的治理提供新的思路。
In order to discuss the effect of public participation on enterprises' environmental behavior under government regulation,Tripartite Evolutionary Game Model is built to analyze the relationship among the government,the public and the enterprise.We deduce the influence mechanism among government regulation,public participation and enterprises' environmental behavior through the Tripartite Game Model.Then we conduct an empirical analysis by building Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model.The research results show that:government regulation can force enterprises environment to fulfill obligations of pollution abatement and the effect is affected by costs and revenue of enterprises;public participation can reduce the industrial waste discharge and it is affected by participation costs and psychological profit;public participation can take the place of government regulation to some extent.Policy suggestions are put forward from the views of the enterprises,the government and the public respectively,trying to provide a new approach to solve environmental problems.
In order to discuss the effect of public participation on enterprises' environmental behavior under government regulation,Tripartite Evolutionary Game Model is built to analyze the relationship among the government,the public and the enterprise.We deduce the influence mechanism among government regulation,public participation and enterprises' environmental behavior through the Tripartite Game Model.Then we conduct an empirical analysis by building Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model.The research results show that:government regulation can force enterprises environment to fulfill obligations of pollution abatement and the effect is affected by costs and revenue of enterprises;public participation can reduce the industrial waste discharge and it is affected by participation costs and psychological profit;public participation can take the place of government regulation to some extent.Policy suggestions are put forward from the views of the enterprises,the government and the public respectively,trying to provide a new approach to solve environmental problems.
引文
[1]孟庆峰,李真,盛昭瀚,杜建国.企业环境行为影响因素研究现状及发展趋势[J].中国人口资源与环境,2010,20(9):100~106.
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[3]金帅,杜建国,盛昭瀚.区域环境保护行动的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(12):3107~3118.
[4]Bouvatier V,Lepetit L,Strobel F.Bank income smoothing,ownership concentration and the regulatory environment[J].Journal of Banking&Finance,2014,41:253~270.
[5]Biglan A.The role of advocacy organizations in reducing negative externalities[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,2009,29(3~4):215~230.
[6]Cohen M C,et al.The impact of demand uncertainty on consumer subsidies for green technology adoption[J].Management Science,2016,62(5):1235~1258.
[7]Calel R,Dechezlepretre A.Environmental policy and directed technological change:Evidence from the European carbon market[J].Review of Economics and Statistics,2016,98(1):173~191.
[8]Earnhart D.Regulatory factors shaping environmental performance at publicly-owned treatment plants[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2004,48(1):655-~681.
[9]Zhao X,Luo D.Driving force of rising renewable energy in China:Environment,regulation and employment[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,(68):48~56.
[10]Parker C,Nielsen V L.Corporate compliance systems could they make any difference?[J].Administration&Society,2009,41(1):3~37.
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[12]Zeng X T,et al.Population production pollution nexus based air pollution management model for alleviating the atmospheric crisis in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,(197):507~521.
[13]陈真玲,王文举.环境税制下政府与污染企业演化博弈分析[J].管理评论,2017,29(5):226~236.
[14]Moledina A A,et al.Dynamic environmental policy with strategic firms:prices versus quantities[J].Journal of Environmental Economics&Management,2015,45(2):356~376.
[15]Presley K W J,Lin B Q.Optimal emission taxes for full internalization of environmental externalities[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,137:871~877.
[16]Chen Z,et al.The consequences of spatially differentiated water pollution regulation in China[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2018,88(3):468~485.
[17]Leeuwen G V,Mohnen P.Revisiting the porter hypothesis:En empirical analysis of green innovation for the Netherlands[J].Economics of Innovation and New Technology,2017,26:63~77.
[18]潘峰等.基于演化博弈的地方政府环境规制策略分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(6):1393~1404.
[19]张学刚,钟茂初.政府环境监管与企业污染的博弈分析及对策研究[J].中国人口资源与环境,2011,21(2):31~35.
[20]薛红燕,王怡,孙菲,孙裔德.基于多层委托-代理关系的环境规制研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(6):249~255.
[21]卢方元.环境污染问题的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,27(9):148~152.
[22]Kostka G,Mol A P.Implementation and participation in China's local environmental politics:Challenges and innovations[J].Journal of Environmental Policy&Planning,2013,15(1):3~16.
[23]Sun L,Zhu D,Chan E H W.Public participation impact on environment NIMBY conflict and environmental conflict management:Comparative analysis in Shanghai and Hong Kong[J].Land Use Policy,2016,(58):208~217.
[24]郑思齐等.公众诉求与城市环境治理[J].管理世界,2013,(6):72~84.
[25]Ross H,Baldwin C,Carter R W.Subtle implications:Public participation versus community engagement in environmental decision-making[J].Australasian Journal of Environmental Management,2016,23(2):123~129.
[26]Hojnik J,Ruzzier M.The driving forces of process eco-innovation and its impact on performance:Insights from Slovenia[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,(133):812~825.
[27]Lee H L,Tang C S.Socially and environmentally responsible value chain innovations:New operations management research opportunities[J].Management Science,2017,64(3):983~996.
[28]Ballester A,Lacroix K E M.Public participation in water planning in the Ebro River Basin(Spain)and Tucson Basin(U.S.Arizona):Impact on water policy and adaptive capacity building[J].Water,2016,8(7):273.
[29]Cai W G,et al.On the drivers of eco-innovation:Empirical evidence from China[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,2014,79(5):239~248.
[30]Zheng S,Kahn M E.A new era of pollution progress in urban China?[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2017,31(1):71~92.
[31]Ouyang Z,et al.Improvements in ecosystem services from investments in natural capital[J].Science,2016,352(6292):1455~1459.
[32]杜建国,王敏,陈晓燕,金帅.公众参与下的企业环境行为演化研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(1):244~251.
[33]薛澜,董秀海.基于委托代理模型的环境治理公众参与研究[J].中国人口资源与环境,2010,20(10):48~54.
[34]Carreira V,Machado J R,Vasconcelos L.Legal citizen knowledge and public participation on environmental and spatial planning policies:A case study in Portugal[J].International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research,2016,2(7):22~33.
[35]Porter G L.Building a better process:Improving washington state's“energy facility site evaluation council”review procedures to better encourage public participation[J].Washington Journal of Environmental Law&Policy,2017,7(1):90~114.
[36]Elnakat A,Gomez J D,Booth N.A zip code study of socioeconomic,demographic,and household gendered influence on the residential energy sector[J].Energy Reports,2016,(2):21~27.
[37]乔根·W·威布尔.演化博弈论[M].上海人民出版社,2015.
[38]黄凯南.演化博弈与演化经济学[J].经济研究,2009,44(2):132~145.
[39]王先甲,全吉,刘伟兵.有限理性下的演化博弈与合作机制研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,(s1):82~93.
[40]Jedelhauser M,Binder C R.The spatial impact of socio-technical transitions-The case of phosphorus recycling as a pilot of the circular economy[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,1(197):856~869.
[41]Diop S.Convergence and spillover effects in Africa:A spatial panel data approach[J].Journal of African Economies,2017,27(3):274~284.
[42]曾婧婧,胡锦绣.中国公众环境参与的影响因子研究---基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(12):62~69.
[43]陈诗一,陈登科.雾霾污染、政府治理与经济高质量发展[J].经济研究,2018,53(2):20~34.
[44]Kelejian H H,Piras G.A J test for dynamic panel model with fixed effects,and nonparametric spatial and timedependence[J].Empirical Economics,2016,51(4):1581~1605.
[45]Anselin L,Le Gallo J.Interpolation of air quality measures in hedonic house price models:Spatial aspects[J].Spatial Economic Analysis,2006,1(1):31~52.
[2]朱庆华,杨启航.中国生态工业园建设中企业环境行为及影响因素实证研究[J].管理评论,2013,25(3):843~844.
[3]金帅,杜建国,盛昭瀚.区域环境保护行动的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(12):3107~3118.
[4]Bouvatier V,Lepetit L,Strobel F.Bank income smoothing,ownership concentration and the regulatory environment[J].Journal of Banking&Finance,2014,41:253~270.
[5]Biglan A.The role of advocacy organizations in reducing negative externalities[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,2009,29(3~4):215~230.
[6]Cohen M C,et al.The impact of demand uncertainty on consumer subsidies for green technology adoption[J].Management Science,2016,62(5):1235~1258.
[7]Calel R,Dechezlepretre A.Environmental policy and directed technological change:Evidence from the European carbon market[J].Review of Economics and Statistics,2016,98(1):173~191.
[8]Earnhart D.Regulatory factors shaping environmental performance at publicly-owned treatment plants[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2004,48(1):655-~681.
[9]Zhao X,Luo D.Driving force of rising renewable energy in China:Environment,regulation and employment[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,(68):48~56.
[10]Parker C,Nielsen V L.Corporate compliance systems could they make any difference?[J].Administration&Society,2009,41(1):3~37.
[11]Energy and environment regulation[M].Springer,2016.
[12]Zeng X T,et al.Population production pollution nexus based air pollution management model for alleviating the atmospheric crisis in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,(197):507~521.
[13]陈真玲,王文举.环境税制下政府与污染企业演化博弈分析[J].管理评论,2017,29(5):226~236.
[14]Moledina A A,et al.Dynamic environmental policy with strategic firms:prices versus quantities[J].Journal of Environmental Economics&Management,2015,45(2):356~376.
[15]Presley K W J,Lin B Q.Optimal emission taxes for full internalization of environmental externalities[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,137:871~877.
[16]Chen Z,et al.The consequences of spatially differentiated water pollution regulation in China[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2018,88(3):468~485.
[17]Leeuwen G V,Mohnen P.Revisiting the porter hypothesis:En empirical analysis of green innovation for the Netherlands[J].Economics of Innovation and New Technology,2017,26:63~77.
[18]潘峰等.基于演化博弈的地方政府环境规制策略分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2015,35(6):1393~1404.
[19]张学刚,钟茂初.政府环境监管与企业污染的博弈分析及对策研究[J].中国人口资源与环境,2011,21(2):31~35.
[20]薛红燕,王怡,孙菲,孙裔德.基于多层委托-代理关系的环境规制研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(6):249~255.
[21]卢方元.环境污染问题的演化博弈分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007,27(9):148~152.
[22]Kostka G,Mol A P.Implementation and participation in China's local environmental politics:Challenges and innovations[J].Journal of Environmental Policy&Planning,2013,15(1):3~16.
[23]Sun L,Zhu D,Chan E H W.Public participation impact on environment NIMBY conflict and environmental conflict management:Comparative analysis in Shanghai and Hong Kong[J].Land Use Policy,2016,(58):208~217.
[24]郑思齐等.公众诉求与城市环境治理[J].管理世界,2013,(6):72~84.
[25]Ross H,Baldwin C,Carter R W.Subtle implications:Public participation versus community engagement in environmental decision-making[J].Australasian Journal of Environmental Management,2016,23(2):123~129.
[26]Hojnik J,Ruzzier M.The driving forces of process eco-innovation and its impact on performance:Insights from Slovenia[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,(133):812~825.
[27]Lee H L,Tang C S.Socially and environmentally responsible value chain innovations:New operations management research opportunities[J].Management Science,2017,64(3):983~996.
[28]Ballester A,Lacroix K E M.Public participation in water planning in the Ebro River Basin(Spain)and Tucson Basin(U.S.Arizona):Impact on water policy and adaptive capacity building[J].Water,2016,8(7):273.
[29]Cai W G,et al.On the drivers of eco-innovation:Empirical evidence from China[J].Journal of CleanerProduction,2014,79(5):239~248.
[30]Zheng S,Kahn M E.A new era of pollution progress in urban China?[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2017,31(1):71~92.
[31]Ouyang Z,et al.Improvements in ecosystem services from investments in natural capital[J].Science,2016,352(6292):1455~1459.
[32]杜建国,王敏,陈晓燕,金帅.公众参与下的企业环境行为演化研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(1):244~251.
[33]薛澜,董秀海.基于委托代理模型的环境治理公众参与研究[J].中国人口资源与环境,2010,20(10):48~54.
[34]Carreira V,Machado J R,Vasconcelos L.Legal citizen knowledge and public participation on environmental and spatial planning policies:A case study in Portugal[J].International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research,2016,2(7):22~33.
[35]Porter G L.Building a better process:Improving washington state's“energy facility site evaluation council”review procedures to better encourage public participation[J].Washington Journal of Environmental Law&Policy,2017,7(1):90~114.
[36]Elnakat A,Gomez J D,Booth N.A zip code study of socioeconomic,demographic,and household gendered influence on the residential energy sector[J].Energy Reports,2016,(2):21~27.
[37]乔根·W·威布尔.演化博弈论[M].上海人民出版社,2015.
[38]黄凯南.演化博弈与演化经济学[J].经济研究,2009,44(2):132~145.
[39]王先甲,全吉,刘伟兵.有限理性下的演化博弈与合作机制研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,(s1):82~93.
[40]Jedelhauser M,Binder C R.The spatial impact of socio-technical transitions-The case of phosphorus recycling as a pilot of the circular economy[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,1(197):856~869.
[41]Diop S.Convergence and spillover effects in Africa:A spatial panel data approach[J].Journal of African Economies,2017,27(3):274~284.
[42]曾婧婧,胡锦绣.中国公众环境参与的影响因子研究---基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(12):62~69.
[43]陈诗一,陈登科.雾霾污染、政府治理与经济高质量发展[J].经济研究,2018,53(2):20~34.
[44]Kelejian H H,Piras G.A J test for dynamic panel model with fixed effects,and nonparametric spatial and timedependence[J].Empirical Economics,2016,51(4):1581~1605.
[45]Anselin L,Le Gallo J.Interpolation of air quality measures in hedonic house price models:Spatial aspects[J].Spatial Economic Analysis,2006,1(1):31~52.