哈素海湖底沉积物氮磷分布特征及潜在的资源化利用探讨
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摘要
为了探讨沉积物中氮磷的分布特征及其资源化利用潜力,采集了哈素海湖底的20个沉积物样品,并进行了相关的分析和研究。结果表明:哈素海湖底各采样点表层沉积物中全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷分别为0.15～2.14 g/kg、49.01～177.14 mg/kg、0.30～0.45 g/kg、11.91～23.53 mg/kg,其空间分布特征和变化趋势差异表现较大。从垂向分布特征来看,全氮、碱解氮含量呈现随沉积物深度的增加而减少的趋势,与近年来向湖泊水体中输入的氮量明显增加有关,而全磷、有效磷含量在垂向分布上并无明显变化,表明近年来外源输入的磷没有明显增加的趋势。与其他湖泊对比分析,哈素海湖底泥资源化利用潜力较大,具有一定的农业价值。
In order to explore the distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in sediments and its potential of resource utilization,20 sampling points of sediment at Hasuhai Lake,Inner mogolia were analyzed.The results showed that total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the surface sediments were0.15 ～ 2.14 g/kg,49.01 ～ 177.14 mg/kg,0.30 ～ 0.45 g/kg,and 11.91 ～ 23.53 mg/kg,respectively,the spatial distribution characteristics and change trend of these indicators were different.In terms of vertical distribution,the total nitrogen and available nitrogen content decreased with the increase of sediment depth,which was related to the significant increase of nitrogen input into the lake in recent years.However,there was no significant change in the vertical distribution of total phosphorus and available phosphorus,indicating that there was no significant increase in the amount of phosphorus imported from outside sources.Comparing with other lakes,it can be confirmed that the sediment of Hasuhai Lake has great potential for resource utilization and has certain value as agricultural resources.
In order to explore the distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in sediments and its potential of resource utilization,20 sampling points of sediment at Hasuhai Lake,Inner mogolia were analyzed.The results showed that total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the surface sediments were0.15 ～ 2.14 g/kg,49.01 ～ 177.14 mg/kg,0.30 ～ 0.45 g/kg,and 11.91 ～ 23.53 mg/kg,respectively,the spatial distribution characteristics and change trend of these indicators were different.In terms of vertical distribution,the total nitrogen and available nitrogen content decreased with the increase of sediment depth,which was related to the significant increase of nitrogen input into the lake in recent years.However,there was no significant change in the vertical distribution of total phosphorus and available phosphorus,indicating that there was no significant increase in the amount of phosphorus imported from outside sources.Comparing with other lakes,it can be confirmed that the sediment of Hasuhai Lake has great potential for resource utilization and has certain value as agricultural resources.
引文
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[2]古小治,张雷,柏祥,等.南四湖湿地沉积物及孔隙水基本特性研究[J].环境科学,2010,31(4):939-945.
[3]陈军,徐俊,陈永红,等.淮河淮南段底泥氮磷垂直分布研究[J].人民长江,2008,39(2):73-75.
[4]宋厚燃,马利民,闵真真.梁滩河沉积物中氮磷垂直分布研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(6):42-45,50.
[5]秦伯强,朱广伟,张路,等.大型浅水湖泊沉积物内源营养盐释放模式及其估算方法-以太湖为例[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2005,35(S2):33-44.
[6]古小治,张雷,柏祥,等.南四湖湿地沉积物及孔隙水基本特性研究[J].环境科学,2010,31(4):939-945.
[7]林春野,董克虞,李萍,等.污泥农用对土壤及作物的影响[J].农业环境保护,1994,22(2):67-71.
[8]王连敏,王春艳.污泥对水稻分靡及产量形成影响的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2005,5(1):35-37.
[9]黄雅曦,李季,李国学,等.施用污泥堆肥对玉米产量及土壤性质的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(9):43-49.
[10]孙标,杨志岩,赵胜男.8个时期哈素海芦苇群落扩张状况及其原因分析[J].湿地科学,2016,14(6):931-935.
[11]高利霞.哈素海湿地鸟类群落的季节动态及物种多样性研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2013.28-58.
[12]沈丽丽,何江,吕昌伟,等.哈素海沉积物中氮和有机质的分布特征[J].沉积学报,2010,28(1):158-165.
[13]王俊,赵林.哈素海浮游动物群落结构季节变化规律研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,41(5):511-517.
[14]国家环境保护总局.2000年中国环境状况公报[Z].http://www.mee.gov.cn.(2001-05-11).22-23.
[15]包桂兰,额尔敦朝鲁,吴红英,等.内蒙古节水工程土默特左旗试验地段土壤养分现状研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,31(1):56-58,67.
[16]刘旭.乌梁素海底泥农田利用可行性分析及其环境风险评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.42-87.
[17]林莉,李青云,吴敏.河湖疏浚底泥无害化处理和资源化利用研究进展[J].长江科学院院报,2014,31(10):80-88.
[18]新花.内蒙古玉米种植及化肥成本收益研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2016.30-33.
[19]朱广伟,陈英旭,周根娣,等.疏浚底泥的养分特征及污染化学性质研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(3):311-317.
[20]苏德纯,胡育峰,宋崇渭,等.官厅水库坝前疏浚底泥的理化特征和土地利用研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(6):1319-1323.
[21]谢志宜,张雅静,陈丹青,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法研究-以广州市为例[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1329-1337.
[22]闫兴成,杨晓薇,黄烯茜,等.太湖主要入湖河口表层沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(9):1515-1521.