隧道爆破下建筑结构局部应力响应及损伤研究
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摘要
依托新红岩隧道工程,探究了隧道典型爆破地震波与砌体低阶与高阶模态之间的关系,研究了不同工况爆破振动下砌体结构不同构件上的应力响应。砌体结构局部构件上的内力响应远比位移响应要显著,并且与质点的振速约成正比。在峰值振速相同条件下,当隧道爆破振动主频较高时,引起建筑物高阶局部模态下的动力反应,竖向振动引起的结构局部构件上的应力较大;反之,爆破振动主频较低,引起建筑物的低阶整体模态的动力反应,水平振动(结构弱轴方向)引起结构局部构件上的应力较大。砌体结构上的门角、窗角等应力集中部位最容易受损开裂,其次是在峰值振速较高时,局部振动较大的女儿墙、中隔墙等部位及砖墙与混凝土接触的部位也可能受损开裂。
Relying on the New Hongyan tunnel,the interaction between the characteristics of seismic waves and low-order modes and high-order modes of a masonry structure was explored. In addition,the stress on different members under different blasting vibration conditions was investigated. The internal force of local members of the masonry structure is much greater than displacement,which is proportional to the particle velocity. Under the same condition of the peak particle velocity,when high principal frequency of tunnel blasting vibration leads to dynamic response of the structure under high-order local modes,the stress on local members of the structure caused by vertical vibration is greater than that caused by horizontal vibration. On the contrary,when low principal frequency of tunnel blasting vibration leads to dynamic response of the structure under low-order global modes,the stresses on local members of the structure caused by horizontal vibration are greater than that caused by vertical vibration. Stress concentration areas such as doors and windows are most prone to damage and cracking,followed by local members where vibration is greater due to high vibration velocity. For example,damage and cracking may occur on parapet walls,partition walls,balconies and brick walls in contact with concrete.
Relying on the New Hongyan tunnel,the interaction between the characteristics of seismic waves and low-order modes and high-order modes of a masonry structure was explored. In addition,the stress on different members under different blasting vibration conditions was investigated. The internal force of local members of the masonry structure is much greater than displacement,which is proportional to the particle velocity. Under the same condition of the peak particle velocity,when high principal frequency of tunnel blasting vibration leads to dynamic response of the structure under high-order local modes,the stress on local members of the structure caused by vertical vibration is greater than that caused by horizontal vibration. On the contrary,when low principal frequency of tunnel blasting vibration leads to dynamic response of the structure under low-order global modes,the stresses on local members of the structure caused by horizontal vibration are greater than that caused by vertical vibration. Stress concentration areas such as doors and windows are most prone to damage and cracking,followed by local members where vibration is greater due to high vibration velocity. For example,damage and cracking may occur on parapet walls,partition walls,balconies and brick walls in contact with concrete.
引文
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[16]管晓明,傅洪贤.基于OMA试验模态参数的砌体结构有限元建模及修正[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(14):181-187,210.Guan Xiaoming,Hongxian.Finite element modeling and model updating of brick masonry structure.Based on modal parameters obtained from operational modal analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(14):181-187,210.(in Chinese)
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[2]林键,林从谋,林丽群.爆破振动荷载作用下3-4层房屋结构响应测试研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):48-51,66.(Lin Jian,Lin Congmou,Lin Liqun.Research on response characteristics of structure under dynamic blasting load[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(3):48-51,66.(in Chinese))
[3]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.(Lin Tonghua.Blast vibration effect and initiative control of vibrational damage[D].Changsha:Central South University,2004.(in Chinese))
[4]言志信.结构拆除及爆破地震效应[D].重庆:重庆重庆大学2002.Yan Zhixin.Study on structure demolition and blast vibration effect[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2002.(in Chinese)
[5]李洪涛,舒大强,卢文波,等.建筑物对爆破振动中不同频率能量成分的响应特征[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(2):154-158.(Li Hongtao,Shu Daqiang,Lu Wenbo,et al.Response characteristics of a structure to different frequency components in blasting vibration energy[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(2):154-158.(in Chinese))
[6]魏海霞,陈士海.爆破地震波三要素对多层砌体结构弹塑性地震响应的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2011,31(1):55-61.(Wei Haixia,Chen Shihai.Effects of three main factors of blasting seismic waves on elasticplastic seismic response of multistory masonry buildings[J].Explosion Shock Waves,2011,31(1):55-61.(in Chinese))
[7]陈士海,魏海霞,张安康.多维爆破地震动作用下框架结构动态响应有限元时程分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(9):134-137.(Chen Shihai,Wei Haixia,Zhang Ankang.Finite-element time-history analysis of dynamic response of frame structure under multidimensional blasting vibration[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(9):134-137.(in Chinese))
[8]田玉滨,李朝,张春巍.爆炸荷载作用下配筋砌体结构的动力响应[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(6):658-662.(Tian Yubin,Li Zhao,Zhang Chunwei.Dynamic response of reinforced masonry structure under blast load[J].Explosion Shock Waves,2012,32(6):658-662.(in Chinese))
[9]Wu C Q,Hao H,Lu Y,et al.Numerical simulation of structural responses on a sand layer to blast induced ground excitations[J].Computers and Structures,2004,82(9-10):799-814.
[10]Wu C Q,Hao H,Lu Y.Dynamic response and damage analysis of masonry structures and masonry infilled RCframes to blast ground motion[J].Engineering Structures,2005,27(3):323-333.
[11]Lu Y,Hao H,Ma G W,et al.Simulation of structural response under high-frequency ground excitation[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30(3):307-325.
[12]Hao H,Ma G W,Lu Y.Damage assessment of masonry infilled RC frames subjected to blasting induced ground excitations[J]Engineering Structures,2002,24(6):799-809
[13]Ma GW,Hao HLu Y.Modelling damage potential of high-frequency ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2003,32(10):1483-1503
[14]Alemdar B,Temel T,Ahmet CA,et al.Evaluation of blast effects on reinforced concrete buildings considering Operational Modal Analysis results[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(5):310-319
[15]Alemdar B,Ahmet A,Mehmet.Safety assessment of structures for near-field blast-induced ground excitations using operational modal analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2012,39:23-36.
[16]管晓明,傅洪贤.基于OMA试验模态参数的砌体结构有限元建模及修正[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(14):181-187,210.Guan Xiaoming,Hongxian.Finite element modeling and model updating of brick masonry structure.Based on modal parameters obtained from operational modal analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(14):181-187,210.(in Chinese)
[17]钱七虎,王明洋.岩土中的冲击爆炸效应[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2010.(Qian Qihu,Wang Mingyang.Impact and explosion effects in rock and soil[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2010.)(in Chinese)