孔雀草修复重金属-多氯联苯复合污染土壤的实验研究
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摘要
应用盆栽实验的方法,利用花卉植物孔雀草修复重金属镉(Cd)-多氯联苯(PCBs)复合污染土壤,考察孔雀草对复合污染的耐受性及其对污染物的去除率。结果显示,相对空白对照组,当PCBs初始浓度为100μg·kg~(-1)时,植物量可提高27. 76%,植物体地上部分对Cd的吸收量超过100 mg·kg~(-1),其植物体内对Cd的吸收有显著性提高,PCBs的降解率也提升了42. 72%。孔雀草在复合污染土壤中显示出极强的耐受性和修复潜能。
Pot-culture experiments were conducted to investigate the single effect of Cd,PCBs and the joint effect of Cd-PCBs with Tagets patula. The results show that the low concentration of PCBs (100 μg·kg~(-1)) could facilitate plant growth in that the biomass increased 27. 76% compared with that of control. The Cd concentrations in overground parts are all over 100 mg kg~(-1). There are significant positive correlations between the concentrations of Cd accumulated in tissues of the plants and soil PCBs (P < 0. 05). The Tagets patula showes high tolerance to Cd and PCBs,and the plant promoted the biodegradation of PCBs. The removal rate of PCBs were up to 42. 72%,respectively. Hence,Tagets patula might be useful for phytoremediation of Cd and PCBs contaminated soils.
Pot-culture experiments were conducted to investigate the single effect of Cd,PCBs and the joint effect of Cd-PCBs with Tagets patula. The results show that the low concentration of PCBs (100 μg·kg~(-1)) could facilitate plant growth in that the biomass increased 27. 76% compared with that of control. The Cd concentrations in overground parts are all over 100 mg kg~(-1). There are significant positive correlations between the concentrations of Cd accumulated in tissues of the plants and soil PCBs (P < 0. 05). The Tagets patula showes high tolerance to Cd and PCBs,and the plant promoted the biodegradation of PCBs. The removal rate of PCBs were up to 42. 72%,respectively. Hence,Tagets patula might be useful for phytoremediation of Cd and PCBs contaminated soils.
引文
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17杨强.有机污染物-重金属复合污染土壤植物修复技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004Yang Qiang.Phytoremediation in soil co-contaminated with organic and heavy metals pollutants[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2004
2 Mehmannavaz R,Prasher S O,Ahmad D.Rhizospheric effects of alfalfa on biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls in a contaminated soil augmented with sinorhizobium meliloti[J].Process Biochemistry,2002,37:955-963
3 Ficko S A,Rutter A,Zeeb B A.Potential for phytoextraction of PCBs from contaminated soils using weeds[J].Science of the Total Environment,2010,408(16):3469-3476
4 Fan G,Wang Y,Fang G,et al.Review of chemical and electrokinetic remediation of PCBs contaminated soils and sediments[J].Environmental Science Processes&Impacts,2016,18(9):1140-1156
5 Borja J,Taleon D M,Auresenia J,et al.Polychlorinated biphenyls and their biodegradation[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(6):1999-2013
6 Huesemann M H,Hausmann T S,Fortman T J,et al.In situ phytoremediation of PAH-and PCB-contaminated marine sediments with eelgrass(zostera marina)[J].Ecological Engineering,2009,35:1395-1404
7 Duarte B,Freitas J,Ca9ador I.The role of organic acids in assisted phytoremediation processes of salt marsh sediments[J].Hydrobiologia,2011,674:169-177
8 Marques A P,Rangel A O,Castro P M.Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils:phytoremediation as a potentially promising cleanup technology[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2009,39:622-654
9林茂宏.典型电子垃圾拆解场地污染水平及花卉植物修复研究[D].天津:南开大学,2013Lin Maohong.Pollution status and relevant contaminated soil phytoremediation in electronic wastes dismantling area[D].Tianjin:Nankai University,2013
10 Miao X,Zhou Q.Accumulation and pollution trends of heavy metals in the topsoil from an industrial park located in a typical new Chinese developing area[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2016,25(12):5440-5448
11 Chu W K,Wong M H,Zhang J.Accumulation,distribution and transformation of DDT and PCBs by Phragmites australis and Oryza sativa L.:I.whole plant study[J].Environmental Geochemistry and health,2006,28(1-2):159-168
12 Fayiga A O,Ma L Q,Cao X,et al.Effects of heavy metals on growth and arsenic accumulation in the arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L.[J].Environmental Pollution,2004,132(2):289-296
13 Sun Y B,Zhou Q X,Diao C Y.Effects of cadmium and arsenic on growth and metal accumulation of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(5):1103-1110
14 Chen C H,Zhou Q X,Cai Z,et al.Effects of soil polycyclic musk and cadmium on pollutant uptake and biochemical responses of wheat(triticum aestivum)[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination&Toxicology,2010,59(4):564-573
15 Sun Y B,Zhou Q X,Wang L,et al.Cadmium tolerance and accumulation characteristics of Bidens pilosa L.as a potential Cd-hyperaccumulator[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,161(2-3):808-814
16 Chaney R L,Malik M,Li Y M,et al.Phytoremediation of soil metals[J].Current opinion in Biotechnology,1997,8(3):279-284
17杨强.有机污染物-重金属复合污染土壤植物修复技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004Yang Qiang.Phytoremediation in soil co-contaminated with organic and heavy metals pollutants[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2004