拟除虫菊酯在培养料和白灵菇中的消解动态
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摘要
针对食用菌中农药残留污染现状,研究探讨拟除虫菊酯在白灵菇拌料、灭菌、接种培养、出菇管理过程的消解动态及转移规律。结果表明,常压高温灭菌条件下,4种菊酯农药的降解率在33%～39%,其中溴氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的降解率相对较高;在出菇试验中,在菌料中喷施3个浓度水平的菊酯农药,获取农药在菌料中的动态残留及子实体、菌糠的最终残留数据,得到四种菊酯在菌料中的半衰期为14.26 d～24.71 d;在子实体喷施试验中,分析农药在子实体生长过程的动态残留规律,获得其半衰期为3.03 d～4.22 d;在转移试验中,菌糠中四种菊酯的检出率为100%,子实体未有检出。该研究成果对拟除虫菊酯在菌菇生产中的规范化使用提供一定的理论基础和数据支持。
Aiming at the current situation of pesticide residue pollution in edible fungi,the disintegration dynamics and transfer law of pyrethroid in Bailing mushroom mixture,sterilization,inoculation culture and mushroom management were discussed. The results showed that the degradation rate of four pyrethroid pesticides was 33 %-39 % under normal pressure and high temperature sterilization conditions,and the degradation rate of deltamethrin and beta-cypermethrin was relatively high;in the mushroom test,three concentrations of pyrethroid pesticides were sprayed into the fungus to obtain the dynamic residue of the pesticide in the fungus and the final residue data of the fruit body and the fungus,and the four pyrethroids were obtained in the fungus. The half-life was 14.26 d-24.71 d;in the fruiting body spraying test,the dynamic residue law of pesticide in the growth process of fruiting body was analyzed,and its half-life was 3.03 d-4.22 d;In the transfer test,the detection rate of the four pyrethroids in the bacillary dysentery was 100 %,and the fruiting bodies were not detected.The research results provided a certain theoretical basis and data support for the standardized use of pyrethroids in mushroom production.
Aiming at the current situation of pesticide residue pollution in edible fungi,the disintegration dynamics and transfer law of pyrethroid in Bailing mushroom mixture,sterilization,inoculation culture and mushroom management were discussed. The results showed that the degradation rate of four pyrethroid pesticides was 33 %-39 % under normal pressure and high temperature sterilization conditions,and the degradation rate of deltamethrin and beta-cypermethrin was relatively high;in the mushroom test,three concentrations of pyrethroid pesticides were sprayed into the fungus to obtain the dynamic residue of the pesticide in the fungus and the final residue data of the fruit body and the fungus,and the four pyrethroids were obtained in the fungus. The half-life was 14.26 d-24.71 d;in the fruiting body spraying test,the dynamic residue law of pesticide in the growth process of fruiting body was analyzed,and its half-life was 3.03 d-4.22 d;In the transfer test,the detection rate of the four pyrethroids in the bacillary dysentery was 100 %,and the fruiting bodies were not detected.The research results provided a certain theoretical basis and data support for the standardized use of pyrethroids in mushroom production.
引文
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[2]华纯.拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的进展和剂型[J].世界农药,2009,31(5):39-44
[3]徐汉虹.植物化学保护学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:81-85
[4]魏优昌,吴永刚.从进化的观点看杀虫剂的功效[J].世界农药,2001,23(6):15-17
[5]齐小娟,郑明岚,邬春华,等.宫内拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂暴露对1岁幼儿神经发育的影响[J].卫生研究,2011,40(6):693-697
[6]Jin M Q,Zhang Y,Ye J,et al.Dual enantioselective effect of the insecticide bifenthrin on locomotor behavior and development in embryonic-larval zebrafish[J].Environ Toxicol Chem,2010,29(7):1561-1567
[7]Xu C,Tu W Q,Lou C,et al.Enantioselective separation and zebrafish embryo toxicity of insecticide betacypermethrin[J].J Environ Sci-China,2010,22(5):738-743
[8]Hu F,Li L,Wang C,et al.Enantioselective induction of oxidative stress by permethrin in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma(PCl2)cells[J].Environ Toxicol Chem,2010,29(3):683-690
[9]Zhao M,Chen F,Wang C,et al.Integrative assessment of enantioselectivity in endocrinedisruption and immunotoxicity of synthetic pyrethroids[J].Environ Pollut,2010,158(5):1968-1973
[10]马鑫.拟除虫菊酷类农药残留分析方法进展[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(28):13775-13777
[11]郑文龙,赵帅,马洁,等.2012-2013年天津市市售蔬菜中40种农药残留状况调查[J].职业与健康,2015,31(15):2059-2061
[12]易承学,徐虹,蒲彦利,等.2014年镇江市夏季蔬菜农药残留监测分析[J].职业与健康,2015,31(3):326-328
[13]杨蕙,刘怡娅,向红,等.2014-2016年贵州省761份市售蔬菜中农药残留监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):1969-1973
[14]樊中臣,施艳红,花日茂,等.金针菇中6种拟除虫菊酯类农药多残留的测定[J].食品科学,2012,33(6):199-202
[15]吴延灿.拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂在木耳中的残留及消解规律研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2013