软弱夹层对地铁车站结构地震动力响应影响的三维数值分析
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摘要
基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件,建立了土体-结构动力相互作用的三维数值模型,利用Python二次开发程序实现了黏弹性边界的自动施加。考虑不同地震加载波形及车站与软弱夹层的相对位置,对典型两层三跨地铁车站结构动力响应进行了研究。结果表明:车站结构动力响应受加载波形及频谱特性影响明显,结构在不同地震波作用下关键部位的内力及位移变化趋势一致;车站与软弱夹层的相对位置对结构受力及变形影响显著,当车站位于软弱夹层位中时结构动力反应最大;对于典型的框架式地下车站而言,中柱的内力反应最大,为最不利受力构件,设计时应重点考虑;在含有软弱夹层的场地中布设水泥桩能够有效降低结构的地震内力反应,减小软弱夹层的不利影响。
A three-dimensional(3 D) finite element model of soil-structure interaction system is built on the platform of ABAQUS software.The automatic application of the viscoelastic boundary is realized by using the Python secondary development program.Considering such factors as seismic loading waveform and the relative position of the station to the weak interlayer,the dynamic response of the typical double-layer three-straddle subway station in weak interlayer is studied.The numerical analysis shows that the dynamic response of the station structure is significantly affected by the loading waveform and the spectral characteristics,and the stress response and the deformation trend of key parts of the station structure are the same under the action of diverse seismic waves.The relative position of the station to the weak interlayer has a significant effect on the structural force and deformation.The station,which is located in the interlayer and affected by soil magnification,has the biggest structural dynamic response.For a typical frame underground station,the center column with the biggest internal force response,is the most unfavorable force component,which should be considered more in the design.In the site with weak interlayer,the concrete pile can effectively reduce the seismic internal force reaction of the structure and reduce the adverse effects of the weak interlayer.
A three-dimensional(3 D) finite element model of soil-structure interaction system is built on the platform of ABAQUS software.The automatic application of the viscoelastic boundary is realized by using the Python secondary development program.Considering such factors as seismic loading waveform and the relative position of the station to the weak interlayer,the dynamic response of the typical double-layer three-straddle subway station in weak interlayer is studied.The numerical analysis shows that the dynamic response of the station structure is significantly affected by the loading waveform and the spectral characteristics,and the stress response and the deformation trend of key parts of the station structure are the same under the action of diverse seismic waves.The relative position of the station to the weak interlayer has a significant effect on the structural force and deformation.The station,which is located in the interlayer and affected by soil magnification,has the biggest structural dynamic response.For a typical frame underground station,the center column with the biggest internal force response,is the most unfavorable force component,which should be considered more in the design.In the site with weak interlayer,the concrete pile can effectively reduce the seismic internal force reaction of the structure and reduce the adverse effects of the weak interlayer.
引文
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[10] 庄海洋,陈国兴,王修信.软土层厚度对地铁车展结构地震反应的影响规律研究[J].地震工程与工程震动,2008,28(6):245-253.Zhuang Haiyang,Chen Guoxing,Wang Xiuxin.Study on the earthquake responses of subway station built with different thicknesses of soft soil layers in the foundation[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(6):245-253.(in Chinese)
[11] 庄海洋,王修信,陈国兴.软土层埋深变化对地铁车站结构地震反应的影响规律研究[J].地震工程与工程震动,2009,31(8):1258-1266.Zhuang Haiyang,Wang Xiuxin,Chen Guoxing.Earthquake responses of subway station with different depths of soft soil[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,31(8):1258-1266.(in Chinese)
[12] 李伟华,赵成刚,杜楠馨.软弱饱和土夹层对地铁车站地震响应的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3958-3970.Li Weihua,Zhao Chenggang,Du Nanxin.Analysis of effects of saturated soft interlayer on seismic responses of metrostation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3958-3970.(in Chinese)
[13] Lubliner J,Oliver J,Ollker S,et al.A Plastic-damage model for concrete[J].International Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1989,25(3):299-326.
[14] Lee J,Fenves G J.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(8):892-900.
[15] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010 建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.Ministry of Housing and Ruban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50011—2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[16] 陈国兴,王志华,左熹,等.振动台试验叠层剪切型土箱的研制[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(1):89-97.Chen Guoxing,Wang Zhihua,Zuo Xi,et al.Development of laminar shear soil container for shaking table tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(1):89-97.(in Chinese)
[17] 楼梦麟,王文剑,朱彤,等.土-结构体系振动台模型试验中土层边界影响问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):30-36.Lou Menglin,Wang Wenjian,Zhu Tong,et al.Soil lateral boundary effect in shaking table model test of soil-structure system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(4):30-36.(in Chinese)
[18] 刘金波,杜义欣,闫秋实.粘弹性人工边界及地震动输入在通用有限元软件中的实现[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(S):37-42.Liu Jinbo,Du Yixin,Yan Qiushi.The implementation of viscous-spring dynamic artificial boundary and earthquake input in general FEM software[J].Chinese Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2007,27(S):37-42.(in Chinese)
[19] 徐磊,叶志才,任青文,等.基于ABAQUS的粘弹性动力人工边界精确自动施加[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(1):20-23.Xu Lei,Ye Zhicai,Ren Qingwen,et al.The accurate auto-application of viscous-spring dynamic artificial boundary based on ABAQUS[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University (Natural Sciences Edition),2010,32(1):20-23.(in Chinese)
[20] 谷音,刘晶波,杜义欣.三维一致粘弹性人工边界及等效粘弹性边界单元[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):31-37.Gu Yin,Liu Jingbo,Du Yixin.3D consistent viscous-spring artificial boundary and viscous-spring boundary element[J].Engineering Mechanic,2007,24(12):31-37.(in Chinese)
[21] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50007—2011 建筑地基基础设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50007—2011 Code for design of builiding foundation[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2011.(in Chinese)
[2] 陈国兴,陈苏,杜修力,等.城市地下结构抗震研究进展[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(1):1-23.Chen Guoxing,Chen Su,Du Xiuli,et al.Review of seismic damage,model test,available design and analysis methods of urban undergound strctures:retrospect and prospect[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2016,36(1):1-23.(in Chinese)
[3] 钱胜国.软土夹层地基场地土层地震反应特性的研究[J].工程抗震,1994,17(1):32-36.Qian Shengguo.Site soil seismic response characteristics of soft clay interlayer foundation research[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,1994,17(1):32-36.(in Chinese)
[4] 庄海洋,龙慧,陈国兴.复杂大型地铁地下车站结构非线性地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程震动,2013,33(2):192-199.Zhuang Haiyang,Long Hui,Chen Guoxing.Analysis of the nonlinear earthquake responses of a large complicated subway underground station[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(2):192-199.(in Chinese)
[5] 庄海洋,陈国兴,胡晓明.双层双柱岛式地铁车站结构水平向非线性地震反应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(S1):3074-3079.Zhuang Haiyang,Chen Guoxing,Hu Xiaoming.Analysis of nonlinear earthquake response of two-layer double-column sunway station structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(S1):3074-3079.(in Chinese)
[6] 刘华北,宋二祥.可液化土中地铁结构的地震响应[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):381-386,391.Liu Huabei,Song Erxiang.Earthquake induced liquefaction response of subway structure in liquefiable soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(3):381-386,391.(in Chinese)
[7] 吴意谦,朱彦鹏.兰州市湿陷性黄土地区地铁车站深基坑变形规律监测与数值模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(S2):404-411.Wu Yiqian,Zhu Yanpeng.Monitoring and numerical simulation of deep foundation pit deformation in subway station in collapsible loess area of lanzhou[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(S2):404-411.(in Chinese)
[8] 谷音,庄舒曼,卓卫东,等.考虑饱和土的地铁车站结构非线性地震反应研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(11):3243-3251.Gu Yin,Zhuang Shuman,Zhuo Weidong,et al.Analysis of nonlinear seismic response of subway station considering saturated soil[J]Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(11):3243-3251.(in Chinese)
[9] 薄景山,李秀领,刘红帅.土层结构对地表加速度峰值的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(3):35-40.Bo Jingshan,Li Xiuling,Liu Hongshuai.Effect of soil layer constructure on peak accelerations of ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(3):35-40.(in Chinese)
[10] 庄海洋,陈国兴,王修信.软土层厚度对地铁车展结构地震反应的影响规律研究[J].地震工程与工程震动,2008,28(6):245-253.Zhuang Haiyang,Chen Guoxing,Wang Xiuxin.Study on the earthquake responses of subway station built with different thicknesses of soft soil layers in the foundation[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(6):245-253.(in Chinese)
[11] 庄海洋,王修信,陈国兴.软土层埋深变化对地铁车站结构地震反应的影响规律研究[J].地震工程与工程震动,2009,31(8):1258-1266.Zhuang Haiyang,Wang Xiuxin,Chen Guoxing.Earthquake responses of subway station with different depths of soft soil[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,31(8):1258-1266.(in Chinese)
[12] 李伟华,赵成刚,杜楠馨.软弱饱和土夹层对地铁车站地震响应的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3958-3970.Li Weihua,Zhao Chenggang,Du Nanxin.Analysis of effects of saturated soft interlayer on seismic responses of metrostation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3958-3970.(in Chinese)
[13] Lubliner J,Oliver J,Ollker S,et al.A Plastic-damage model for concrete[J].International Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1989,25(3):299-326.
[14] Lee J,Fenves G J.Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1998,124(8):892-900.
[15] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010 建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.Ministry of Housing and Ruban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50011—2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[16] 陈国兴,王志华,左熹,等.振动台试验叠层剪切型土箱的研制[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(1):89-97.Chen Guoxing,Wang Zhihua,Zuo Xi,et al.Development of laminar shear soil container for shaking table tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(1):89-97.(in Chinese)
[17] 楼梦麟,王文剑,朱彤,等.土-结构体系振动台模型试验中土层边界影响问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):30-36.Lou Menglin,Wang Wenjian,Zhu Tong,et al.Soil lateral boundary effect in shaking table model test of soil-structure system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(4):30-36.(in Chinese)
[18] 刘金波,杜义欣,闫秋实.粘弹性人工边界及地震动输入在通用有限元软件中的实现[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(S):37-42.Liu Jinbo,Du Yixin,Yan Qiushi.The implementation of viscous-spring dynamic artificial boundary and earthquake input in general FEM software[J].Chinese Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2007,27(S):37-42.(in Chinese)
[19] 徐磊,叶志才,任青文,等.基于ABAQUS的粘弹性动力人工边界精确自动施加[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(1):20-23.Xu Lei,Ye Zhicai,Ren Qingwen,et al.The accurate auto-application of viscous-spring dynamic artificial boundary based on ABAQUS[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University (Natural Sciences Edition),2010,32(1):20-23.(in Chinese)
[20] 谷音,刘晶波,杜义欣.三维一致粘弹性人工边界及等效粘弹性边界单元[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):31-37.Gu Yin,Liu Jingbo,Du Yixin.3D consistent viscous-spring artificial boundary and viscous-spring boundary element[J].Engineering Mechanic,2007,24(12):31-37.(in Chinese)
[21] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50007—2011 建筑地基基础设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.GB 50007—2011 Code for design of builiding foundation[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2011.(in Chinese)