构造演化与叠加改造成矿问题探讨——以豫西矿集区为例
|
摘要
豫西矿集区地处华北板块南缘,是我国重要的金、钼多金属矿产地之一。在收集和分析大量矿床同位素年龄数据的基础上,结合典型矿床实例研究,总结了叠加改造型矿床的基本特征,探讨了构造演化及体制转换与叠加改造成矿的关系。认为叠加改造是豫西矿集区重要的成矿作用,主要发生在印支期和燕山期,且以燕山期为主。印支期成矿作用与陆—陆碰撞后的拉张环境有关;燕山期成矿作用对应于构造体制大转变和岩石圈拉伸减薄,除形成斑岩型钼矿、热液型银铅矿、爆破角砾岩型金矿外,对印支期预富集的金矿化(体)进行了叠加和(或)改造,形成了成矿元素和矿石矿物复杂的叠加改造型矿床。原定的构造蚀变岩型金矿和部分石英脉型金矿应归为叠加改造型矿床。
The mineralization concentration area in western Henan Province is located in southern margin of the north China plate,and is one of important gold,molybdenum & polymetallic resources producing areas. Based on integrated analysis of a large number of isotope age data of the deposits,this paper summarizes basic characteristics of the superimposed and transformed deposit,and the relationship between the superimposed reworking mineralization and tectonic evolution and regime transformation was discussed. It is suggested that the superposition and transformation is an important mineralization in the ore concentration area in western Henan,and took place in Indo-Chinese epoch and phase of Yanshan,with phase of Yanshan as its main forming time. The mineralization in IndoChinese epoch may be concerned with tension environment after the land-land collision. In Yanshan epoch,the ore-forming processes may be associated with transition of tectonic and dynamic regime and lithosphere stretching thinning. In addition to the formation of porphyry molybdenum deposit,hydrothermal silver,lead deposits and explosive breccia-type gold deposit,the pre-enrichment of gold mineralization( body) were superimposed and/or transformed,and superimposed and transformed deposits were formed with the complex mineral composition and metallogenic elements. The original structural altered-rock type gold deposit and some quartz-vein type gold deposit should be classified as superimposed and transformed deposits.
The mineralization concentration area in western Henan Province is located in southern margin of the north China plate,and is one of important gold,molybdenum & polymetallic resources producing areas. Based on integrated analysis of a large number of isotope age data of the deposits,this paper summarizes basic characteristics of the superimposed and transformed deposit,and the relationship between the superimposed reworking mineralization and tectonic evolution and regime transformation was discussed. It is suggested that the superposition and transformation is an important mineralization in the ore concentration area in western Henan,and took place in Indo-Chinese epoch and phase of Yanshan,with phase of Yanshan as its main forming time. The mineralization in IndoChinese epoch may be concerned with tension environment after the land-land collision. In Yanshan epoch,the ore-forming processes may be associated with transition of tectonic and dynamic regime and lithosphere stretching thinning. In addition to the formation of porphyry molybdenum deposit,hydrothermal silver,lead deposits and explosive breccia-type gold deposit,the pre-enrichment of gold mineralization( body) were superimposed and/or transformed,and superimposed and transformed deposits were formed with the complex mineral composition and metallogenic elements. The original structural altered-rock type gold deposit and some quartz-vein type gold deposit should be classified as superimposed and transformed deposits.
引文
[1]张灯堂,赵春勇,冯建之,等.豫西矿集区成矿系统初步研究[J].地质找矿论丛,2015,30(2):190-198.
[2]卢欣祥,尉向东,于在平,等.小秦岭—熊耳山金成矿作用与区域构造的耦合[J].黄金地质,2004,10(1):001-005.
[3]冯建之,孙卫志,牛树银,等.华熊亚热柱-幔枝构造体系及其控矿作用[J].地质找矿论丛,2011,26(2):143-150.
[4]陈衍景,富士谷.豫西金矿成矿规律[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[5]李宗彦,杨鑫生.豫西金矿类型划分[J].矿产与地质,2004,18(6):559-562.
[6]星玉才,何进,高旭升,等.豫西矿集区岩浆热液叠加改造型矿床特征[J].地质找矿论丛,2013,28(4):552-558.
[7]张灯堂,冯建之,崔燮祥,等.豫西金矿集区控矿因素分析[J].地质找矿论丛,2014,29(2):206-209.
[8]涂光炽.叠加与再造——被忽视了的成矿作用[J].湖南地质科技情报,1975:68-75.
[9]涂光炽.中国金矿床若干特征[C]//关广岳.国际金矿地质与勘查学术会议论文集,1979.
[10]翟裕生,邓军,崔彬,等.成矿系统及综合地质异常[J].现代地质,1999,13(1):99-104.
[11]翟裕生,王建平,邓军,等.成矿系统时空演化及其找矿意义[J].现代地质,2008,22(2):143-150.
[12]常印佛,周涛发,范裕.复合成矿与构造转换——以长江中下游成矿带为例[J].岩石学报,2012,28(10):3067-3075.
[13]薛良伟,庞继群,王祥国,等.小秦岭303号石英脉流体包裹体Rb-Sr、40Ar-39Ar成矿年龄测定[J].地球化学,1999(5):473-478.
[14]魏庆国,姚军明,赵太平,等.东秦岭发现~19 Ga钼矿床——河南龙门店钼矿床Re-Os定年[J].岩石学报,2009,25(11):2747-271.
[15]李厚民,叶会寿,王登红,等.豫西熊耳山寨凹钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2009,28(2):133-142.
[16]胡正国,钱壮志,闫广民,等.小秦岭拆离-变质杂岩核构造与金矿[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1994:102-219.
[17]李诺,孙亚莉,李晶,等.小秦岭大湖金钼矿床辉钼矿铼锇同位素年龄及印支期成矿事件[J].岩石学报,2008,24(4):810-816.
[18]李厚民,叶会寿,毛景文,等.小秦岭金(钼)矿床辉钼矿铼-锇定年及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2007,26(4):417-424.
[19]王义天,叶会寿,叶安旺,等.小秦岭北缘马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其意义[J].地学前缘,2010,17(2):140-145.
[20]高阳,李永峰,郭保健,等.豫西嵩县前范岭石英脉型钼矿床地质特征及辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄[J].岩石学报,2010,26,(3):757-767.
[21]任富根,殷艳杰,李双保,等.熊耳裂陷印支期同位素地质年龄耦合性[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2001,20(4):286-288.
[22]黄典豪,侯增谦,杨志明,等.东秦岭钼矿带内碳酸盐脉型钼(铅)矿床地质—地球化学特征、成矿机制及成矿构造背景[J].地质学报,2009,83(12):1968-1984.
[23]毛景文,郑榕芬,叶会寿,等.河南熊耳山地区沙沟银铅矿床成矿的40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):359-368.
[24]李永峰,毛景文,白凤军,等.东秦岭南泥湖钼(钨)矿田ReOs同位素年龄及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2003,49(6):652-659.
[25]李诺,陈衍景,孙亚莉,等.河南鱼池岭钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄及地质意义[J].岩石学报,2009,25(2):413-421.
[26]周珂,叶会寿,毛景文,等.豫西鱼池岭斑岩型钼矿床地质特征及其辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄[J].矿床地质,2009,28(2):170-184.
[27]李永峰,毛景文,刘敦一,等.豫西雷门沟斑岩钼矿SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os测年及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):122-131.
[28]陈旺.豫西南熊耳山金矿床和银(铅)矿床铅同位素研究[J].贵金属地质,1995,4(3):168-176.
[29]李绍儒,李强之,李文良,等.小秦岭金矿田矿床成因新认识[J].黄金地质,1998,19(1):41-49.
[30]徐启东,钟增球,周汗文,等.豫西小秦岭金矿区的一组40Ar/39Ar定年数据[J].地质论评,1998,44(3):323-327.
[31]朱嘉伟,张天义,薛良伟.豫西崤山地区金矿成矿年龄的测定及其意义[J].地质论评,1999,45(4):418-422.
[32]王义天.小秦岭变质核杂岩中生代金的成矿作用和成矿动力学背景研究[D].北京:中国地质科学研究院,中国地质科学院,2002.
[33]王义天,毛景文,卢欣祥.嵩县祁雨沟金矿成矿时代的40Ar-39Ar年代学证据[J].地质论评,2001,47(5):551-555.
[34]韩以贵,李向辉,张世红,等.豫西祁雨沟金矿单颗粒和碎裂状黄铁矿Rb-Sr等时线定年[J].科学通报,2007,52(11):1307-1311.
[35]姚军明,赵太平,李晶,等.河南祁雨沟金成矿系统辉钼矿Re-Os年龄和锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素地球化学[J].岩石学报,2009,25(2):374-384.
[36]叶会寿,毛景文,李永峰,等.秦岭东沟超大型斑岩钼矿SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(7):1078-1088.
[37]刘长命.河南小秦岭金矿成矿时代新知[J].河南地质,1992,10(3):195.
[38]任富根,李双保,丁士应,等.熊耳裂陷印支期成矿作用及其意义[J].矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):55-58.
[39]翟雷,叶会寿,周珂,等.河南嵩县庙岭金矿地质特征与钾长石40Ar-39Ar定年[J].地质通报,2012,31(4):569-576.
[40]李华芹,刘家齐,魏林.热液矿床流体包裹体年代学研究及其地质应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:92-105.
[41]黎世美.熊耳山地区构造蚀变岩型金矿成矿地质条件、富集规律、成矿模式及远景预测[C]//秦巴金矿论文集.北京:地质出版社,1993.
[42]任志媛,李建威.豫西上宫金矿床矿化特征及成矿时代[J].矿床地质,2010,29(增刊):987-988.
[43]张振海,张景鑫,叶素芝.胶东金矿同位素年龄的厘定[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:56.
[44]强立志,赵太平,原振雷.熊耳群中金铅锌矿成矿时代新认识[J].河南国土资源,1993,11(1):8.
[45]张邻素.熊耳山南东麓金成矿特征及找矿方向[R].北京:核工业北京地质研究院,1991.
[46]强山峰,毕诗健,邓晓东,等.豫西小秦岭地区秦南金矿热液独居石U-Th-Pb定年及其地质意义[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2013,38(1):43-56.
[47]吴发富.熊耳山矿集区燕山期金成矿系统[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2010.
[48]毛景文,胡瑞忠,陈毓川,等.大规模成矿作用与大型矿集区[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:843-942.
[49]肖荣阁,白凤军,原振雷,等.东秦岭钼、金多金属矿区域成矿系统与成矿预测[J].现代地质,2010,24(1):1-10.
[50]张汉成,肖荣阁,安国英,等.华北板块南缘熊耳群火山岩系中的杏仁体——热水成矿作用的证据[J].地质通报,2003,22(5):356-363.
[51]任富根,李维明,李增慧,等.熊耳山-崤山地区金矿成矿地质条件和找矿综合评价模型[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:80-90.
[52]卢欣祥,尉向东,董有,等.小秦岭-熊耳山地区金矿特征与地幔流体[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[53]任纪舜,牛宝贵,和政军,等.中国东部的构造格局和动力演化[C]//中国地质科学院地质研究所文集,1997:43-55.
[54]华仁民,毛景文.试论中国东部中生代成矿大爆炸[J].矿床地质,1999,18(4):300-308.
[2]卢欣祥,尉向东,于在平,等.小秦岭—熊耳山金成矿作用与区域构造的耦合[J].黄金地质,2004,10(1):001-005.
[3]冯建之,孙卫志,牛树银,等.华熊亚热柱-幔枝构造体系及其控矿作用[J].地质找矿论丛,2011,26(2):143-150.
[4]陈衍景,富士谷.豫西金矿成矿规律[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[5]李宗彦,杨鑫生.豫西金矿类型划分[J].矿产与地质,2004,18(6):559-562.
[6]星玉才,何进,高旭升,等.豫西矿集区岩浆热液叠加改造型矿床特征[J].地质找矿论丛,2013,28(4):552-558.
[7]张灯堂,冯建之,崔燮祥,等.豫西金矿集区控矿因素分析[J].地质找矿论丛,2014,29(2):206-209.
[8]涂光炽.叠加与再造——被忽视了的成矿作用[J].湖南地质科技情报,1975:68-75.
[9]涂光炽.中国金矿床若干特征[C]//关广岳.国际金矿地质与勘查学术会议论文集,1979.
[10]翟裕生,邓军,崔彬,等.成矿系统及综合地质异常[J].现代地质,1999,13(1):99-104.
[11]翟裕生,王建平,邓军,等.成矿系统时空演化及其找矿意义[J].现代地质,2008,22(2):143-150.
[12]常印佛,周涛发,范裕.复合成矿与构造转换——以长江中下游成矿带为例[J].岩石学报,2012,28(10):3067-3075.
[13]薛良伟,庞继群,王祥国,等.小秦岭303号石英脉流体包裹体Rb-Sr、40Ar-39Ar成矿年龄测定[J].地球化学,1999(5):473-478.
[14]魏庆国,姚军明,赵太平,等.东秦岭发现~19 Ga钼矿床——河南龙门店钼矿床Re-Os定年[J].岩石学报,2009,25(11):2747-271.
[15]李厚民,叶会寿,王登红,等.豫西熊耳山寨凹钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2009,28(2):133-142.
[16]胡正国,钱壮志,闫广民,等.小秦岭拆离-变质杂岩核构造与金矿[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1994:102-219.
[17]李诺,孙亚莉,李晶,等.小秦岭大湖金钼矿床辉钼矿铼锇同位素年龄及印支期成矿事件[J].岩石学报,2008,24(4):810-816.
[18]李厚民,叶会寿,毛景文,等.小秦岭金(钼)矿床辉钼矿铼-锇定年及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2007,26(4):417-424.
[19]王义天,叶会寿,叶安旺,等.小秦岭北缘马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其意义[J].地学前缘,2010,17(2):140-145.
[20]高阳,李永峰,郭保健,等.豫西嵩县前范岭石英脉型钼矿床地质特征及辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄[J].岩石学报,2010,26,(3):757-767.
[21]任富根,殷艳杰,李双保,等.熊耳裂陷印支期同位素地质年龄耦合性[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2001,20(4):286-288.
[22]黄典豪,侯增谦,杨志明,等.东秦岭钼矿带内碳酸盐脉型钼(铅)矿床地质—地球化学特征、成矿机制及成矿构造背景[J].地质学报,2009,83(12):1968-1984.
[23]毛景文,郑榕芬,叶会寿,等.河南熊耳山地区沙沟银铅矿床成矿的40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):359-368.
[24]李永峰,毛景文,白凤军,等.东秦岭南泥湖钼(钨)矿田ReOs同位素年龄及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2003,49(6):652-659.
[25]李诺,陈衍景,孙亚莉,等.河南鱼池岭钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄及地质意义[J].岩石学报,2009,25(2):413-421.
[26]周珂,叶会寿,毛景文,等.豫西鱼池岭斑岩型钼矿床地质特征及其辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄[J].矿床地质,2009,28(2):170-184.
[27]李永峰,毛景文,刘敦一,等.豫西雷门沟斑岩钼矿SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os测年及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):122-131.
[28]陈旺.豫西南熊耳山金矿床和银(铅)矿床铅同位素研究[J].贵金属地质,1995,4(3):168-176.
[29]李绍儒,李强之,李文良,等.小秦岭金矿田矿床成因新认识[J].黄金地质,1998,19(1):41-49.
[30]徐启东,钟增球,周汗文,等.豫西小秦岭金矿区的一组40Ar/39Ar定年数据[J].地质论评,1998,44(3):323-327.
[31]朱嘉伟,张天义,薛良伟.豫西崤山地区金矿成矿年龄的测定及其意义[J].地质论评,1999,45(4):418-422.
[32]王义天.小秦岭变质核杂岩中生代金的成矿作用和成矿动力学背景研究[D].北京:中国地质科学研究院,中国地质科学院,2002.
[33]王义天,毛景文,卢欣祥.嵩县祁雨沟金矿成矿时代的40Ar-39Ar年代学证据[J].地质论评,2001,47(5):551-555.
[34]韩以贵,李向辉,张世红,等.豫西祁雨沟金矿单颗粒和碎裂状黄铁矿Rb-Sr等时线定年[J].科学通报,2007,52(11):1307-1311.
[35]姚军明,赵太平,李晶,等.河南祁雨沟金成矿系统辉钼矿Re-Os年龄和锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素地球化学[J].岩石学报,2009,25(2):374-384.
[36]叶会寿,毛景文,李永峰,等.秦岭东沟超大型斑岩钼矿SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(7):1078-1088.
[37]刘长命.河南小秦岭金矿成矿时代新知[J].河南地质,1992,10(3):195.
[38]任富根,李双保,丁士应,等.熊耳裂陷印支期成矿作用及其意义[J].矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):55-58.
[39]翟雷,叶会寿,周珂,等.河南嵩县庙岭金矿地质特征与钾长石40Ar-39Ar定年[J].地质通报,2012,31(4):569-576.
[40]李华芹,刘家齐,魏林.热液矿床流体包裹体年代学研究及其地质应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:92-105.
[41]黎世美.熊耳山地区构造蚀变岩型金矿成矿地质条件、富集规律、成矿模式及远景预测[C]//秦巴金矿论文集.北京:地质出版社,1993.
[42]任志媛,李建威.豫西上宫金矿床矿化特征及成矿时代[J].矿床地质,2010,29(增刊):987-988.
[43]张振海,张景鑫,叶素芝.胶东金矿同位素年龄的厘定[M].北京:地震出版社,1994:56.
[44]强立志,赵太平,原振雷.熊耳群中金铅锌矿成矿时代新认识[J].河南国土资源,1993,11(1):8.
[45]张邻素.熊耳山南东麓金成矿特征及找矿方向[R].北京:核工业北京地质研究院,1991.
[46]强山峰,毕诗健,邓晓东,等.豫西小秦岭地区秦南金矿热液独居石U-Th-Pb定年及其地质意义[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2013,38(1):43-56.
[47]吴发富.熊耳山矿集区燕山期金成矿系统[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2010.
[48]毛景文,胡瑞忠,陈毓川,等.大规模成矿作用与大型矿集区[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:843-942.
[49]肖荣阁,白凤军,原振雷,等.东秦岭钼、金多金属矿区域成矿系统与成矿预测[J].现代地质,2010,24(1):1-10.
[50]张汉成,肖荣阁,安国英,等.华北板块南缘熊耳群火山岩系中的杏仁体——热水成矿作用的证据[J].地质通报,2003,22(5):356-363.
[51]任富根,李维明,李增慧,等.熊耳山-崤山地区金矿成矿地质条件和找矿综合评价模型[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:80-90.
[52]卢欣祥,尉向东,董有,等.小秦岭-熊耳山地区金矿特征与地幔流体[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[53]任纪舜,牛宝贵,和政军,等.中国东部的构造格局和动力演化[C]//中国地质科学院地质研究所文集,1997:43-55.
[54]华仁民,毛景文.试论中国东部中生代成矿大爆炸[J].矿床地质,1999,18(4):300-308.