不同叶轮形式对汽车冷却水泵性能的影响
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摘要
为分析不同叶轮形式对汽车冷却水泵性能的影响,针对某一汽车水泵,分别设计了开式和闭式2种不同形式的叶轮,采用Fluen软件对叶轮内部流动进行全流场三维数值模拟,并选取闭式叶轮进行试验验证,证实了模拟结果的可靠性。试验结果表明,采用闭式叶轮效率更高。数值模拟结果表明,2种叶轮内部静压从进口至出口都逐渐升高,但开式叶轮入口处存在明显的低压区,易发生汽蚀。且在开式叶轮内部存在明显的漩涡和回流,闭式叶轮内部流动更稳定流畅。可见,叶轮形式对于水泵性能有较大的影响,采用闭式叶轮有利于提高该汽车冷却水泵的水力性能。
In order to analyze the influence of different impeller structure on the performance of engine cooling pump,an unshrouded and a shrouded impeller were designed respectively for an engine cooling pump. The full 3 D flow simulations were conducted for internal flow of impeller using Fluent 6.2 for these two configurations. And the shrouded impeller was chosen for test verification,and the reliability of the simulation results was validated. The test results show that,the hydraulic efficiency of shrouded impeller is higher. The numerical simulation results show that the static pressures in both impellers increase from inlet to outlet gradually,but there is an obviously low pressure area at the inlet of the unshrouded impeller,which is liable to cavitation. On the other hand,there are remarkable vortex and secondary flows in the unshrouded impeller,whereas the flow in the shrouded impeller is more stable. So it can be seen that,the structure of impeller has greater influence on the pump performance,therefore,use of shrouded impeller is more helpful to improvement of hydraulic performance of the engine cooling pump.
In order to analyze the influence of different impeller structure on the performance of engine cooling pump,an unshrouded and a shrouded impeller were designed respectively for an engine cooling pump. The full 3 D flow simulations were conducted for internal flow of impeller using Fluent 6.2 for these two configurations. And the shrouded impeller was chosen for test verification,and the reliability of the simulation results was validated. The test results show that,the hydraulic efficiency of shrouded impeller is higher. The numerical simulation results show that the static pressures in both impellers increase from inlet to outlet gradually,but there is an obviously low pressure area at the inlet of the unshrouded impeller,which is liable to cavitation. On the other hand,there are remarkable vortex and secondary flows in the unshrouded impeller,whereas the flow in the shrouded impeller is more stable. So it can be seen that,the structure of impeller has greater influence on the pump performance,therefore,use of shrouded impeller is more helpful to improvement of hydraulic performance of the engine cooling pump.
引文
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[3]高文,刘波.现代汽车发动机冷却系统的发展趋势[J].科技与经济,2007(3):49-50.
[4]于海群,魏琪.汽车发动机冷却系统动态特性仿真[J].内燃机与动力装置,2006(5):24-28.
[5]陈小东,詹樟松.发动机冷却水套内三维流动的数值模拟研究[J].汽车技术,2004(12):23-27.
[6]孔维峰.汽车水泵总成的动态特性研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2010.
[7]钟绍俊,黄镇海,黄艳岩.汽车发动机冷却水泵性能测试系统设计[J].中国计量学院学报,2006,17(3):192-198.
[8]卢纪丽.汽车发动机冷却水泵控制系统的研究[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2008(4):39-41.
[9]刘婷婷,王彤,杨波,等.汽车水泵性能三维数值模拟及结构改进[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(6):961-963.
[10]施卫东,裴冰,陆伟刚.基于CFD的汽车水泵优化设计[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(1):15-19.
[11]刘小平,郭兰,顾维东.CFD的水泵数值分析[J].汽车工程师,2010(4):21-24.
[12]李允昌.465Q内燃机冷却水泵的优化设计[D].南宁:广西大学,2010.
[13]袁寿其,张婷婷,张金风,等.汽车冷却水泵优化设计及试验研究[J].排灌机械学报,2014,32(2):93-97.
[14]刘越琪,耿晓哲.汽车发动机冷却系仿真优选方法的研究[J].内燃机工程,2006,27(4):51-54.
[15]周卫华.高效率汽车水泵的设计研究[D].北京:清华大学,2011.
[16]朱荣生,付强,李维武.基于CFD技术改善低比速离心泵叶轮性能[J].中国农村水利水电,2006(4):67-69.
[17]马希金,郭俊杰,吴蓓.CFD法设计轴流式油气混输泵初探[J].流体机械,2004,32(7):15-18.
[18]曹树良,王万鹏,祝宝山.离心泵蜗壳内部流动数值模拟[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2004,25(3):185-188.
[19]崔宝玲,朱祖超,林勇刚,等.不同形式高速离心叶轮内部流动的数值模拟[J].机械工程学报,2007,43(5):19-23.