种植密度对芝麻干物质量及产量的影响
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摘要
以短节密蒴型芝麻品种DW607为研究对象,分析不同密度处理对其生长、干物质量及产量的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,不同时期芝麻的株高、茎粗、地上部干物质量、地下部干物质量均呈现逐渐降低的趋势,且随着生育期的推移,处理间差异逐渐明显;随着种植密度的增加,芝麻单株蒴果数、每蒴粒数、千粒质量、单株产量也均呈现逐渐降低的趋势,在种植密度为11.25万株/hm~2时最大,而产量则呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,在种植密度为18.75万株/hm~2时产量最高,与其他处理相比差异显著,说明在一定的种植密度范围内,增加种植密度可以提高芝麻产量。
In this study, DW607 was used as research objects to analyze the effects of different density treatments on growth, dry matter and yield of sesame. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry quality per plant, root dry quality per plant of sesame in different periods all presented a gradually decreasing trend with the increase of planting density, and the difference between treatments was gradually obvious with the passage of growth period. With the increase of density, the number of capsules per plant, the number of grains per stalk, 1 000-grain quality, and the yield per plant also showed a trend of decreasing, and the highest was at the planting density of 112 500 plants/hm~2. However, the yield of sesame showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When the planting density was 187 500 plants/hm~2, the yield was the highest, which was significantly different from other treatments, it showed that increasing the planting density could increase the yield of sesame within a certain density planting range.
In this study, DW607 was used as research objects to analyze the effects of different density treatments on growth, dry matter and yield of sesame. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry quality per plant, root dry quality per plant of sesame in different periods all presented a gradually decreasing trend with the increase of planting density, and the difference between treatments was gradually obvious with the passage of growth period. With the increase of density, the number of capsules per plant, the number of grains per stalk, 1 000-grain quality, and the yield per plant also showed a trend of decreasing, and the highest was at the planting density of 112 500 plants/hm~2. However, the yield of sesame showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When the planting density was 187 500 plants/hm~2, the yield was the highest, which was significantly different from other treatments, it showed that increasing the planting density could increase the yield of sesame within a certain density planting range.
引文
[1]吕伟,刘文萍,任果香,等.不同浓度生根粉对芝麻生长及产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2017(5):100-105.
[2]吕伟,文飞,韩俊梅,等.昆虫授粉对芝麻产量构成因素的影响[J].作物杂志,2018(6):124-129.
[3]张瑞,郑永战,李晨曦,等.芝麻种子萌发过程中主要组分的变化[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(12):34-39.
[4]其超,苗红梅,汪学德,等.芝麻枯萎病害条件下籽粒及其制油品质变化分析[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(12):70-77.
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[8]汪强,赵莉,田东丰,等.我国芝麻生产机械化现状与发展对策研究[J].现代农业科技,2013(19):236-238.
[9]高德学,杨光,孙会杰,等.播期和种植密度对芝麻性状及产量的影响[J].农学学报,2018,8(10):1-6.
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[12]马淑娟,刘小林,胡金和.种植密度对黑芝麻农艺性状的影响[J].河北农业科学,2011(3):1-3,15.
[13]汪瑞清,肖运萍,魏林根,等.不同播期与密度对江西秋芝麻产量和品质的影响[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(4):12-14.
[14]苗建利,卫双玲,孙春梅,等.播期和种植密度对芝麻产量及产量构成因子的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2016(8):96-99.
[15]邢丹丹,陈振武,葛维德,等.不同密度对芝麻农艺性状及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(4):11-17.
[16]赵莉,汪强,徐桂珍,等.播种期和种植密度对芝麻产量及其构成因子的影响[J].作物杂志,2010(5):111-113.
[17]文飞,谢建池,吕伟,等.丸粒化处理对芝麻出苗及幼苗生长的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,36(12):2026-2028,2065.
[18]杨湄,黄凤洪.中国芝麻产业现状与存在问题、发展趋势与对策建议[J].中国油脂,2009,34(1):7-12.
[19]刘红艳,赵应忠.芝麻产业化发展中的问题与对策[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(3):542-543.
[20]孙建,乐美旺,饶月亮.江西芝麻产业现状、限制因素、发展潜力与对策分析[J].江西农业学报,2010,22(9):10-15.
[2]吕伟,文飞,韩俊梅,等.昆虫授粉对芝麻产量构成因素的影响[J].作物杂志,2018(6):124-129.
[3]张瑞,郑永战,李晨曦,等.芝麻种子萌发过程中主要组分的变化[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(12):34-39.
[4]其超,苗红梅,汪学德,等.芝麻枯萎病害条件下籽粒及其制油品质变化分析[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(12):70-77.
[5]陈翠云,冯祥运,丁法元,等.中国芝麻品种志[M].北京:农业出版社,1990.
[6]丁法元,屠礼传,柳家荣,等.芝麻[M].郑州:河南人民出版社,1979.
[7]张鹏,张海洋,郑永战,等.芝麻种质资源因子分析及聚类分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(1):71-78.
[8]汪强,赵莉,田东丰,等.我国芝麻生产机械化现状与发展对策研究[J].现代农业科技,2013(19):236-238.
[9]高德学,杨光,孙会杰,等.播期和种植密度对芝麻性状及产量的影响[J].农学学报,2018,8(10):1-6.
[10]刘文萍,任果香,文飞,等.芝麻田间杂草防控技术研究[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(3):314-317,344.
[11]汪瑞清,肖运萍,吕丰娟,等.氮肥与密度互作对红壤旱地秋芝麻的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(4):502-508.
[12]马淑娟,刘小林,胡金和.种植密度对黑芝麻农艺性状的影响[J].河北农业科学,2011(3):1-3,15.
[13]汪瑞清,肖运萍,魏林根,等.不同播期与密度对江西秋芝麻产量和品质的影响[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(4):12-14.
[14]苗建利,卫双玲,孙春梅,等.播期和种植密度对芝麻产量及产量构成因子的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2016(8):96-99.
[15]邢丹丹,陈振武,葛维德,等.不同密度对芝麻农艺性状及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(4):11-17.
[16]赵莉,汪强,徐桂珍,等.播种期和种植密度对芝麻产量及其构成因子的影响[J].作物杂志,2010(5):111-113.
[17]文飞,谢建池,吕伟,等.丸粒化处理对芝麻出苗及幼苗生长的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,36(12):2026-2028,2065.
[18]杨湄,黄凤洪.中国芝麻产业现状与存在问题、发展趋势与对策建议[J].中国油脂,2009,34(1):7-12.
[19]刘红艳,赵应忠.芝麻产业化发展中的问题与对策[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(3):542-543.
[20]孙建,乐美旺,饶月亮.江西芝麻产业现状、限制因素、发展潜力与对策分析[J].江西农业学报,2010,22(9):10-15.