一种开路形式的永磁饱和型故障电流限制器的温度场稳态分析
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摘要
永磁饱和型故障电流限制器(PMFCL)具有结构简单、损耗小和运行成本低的特点,具有良好的应用前景。永磁体在高温下会失磁,因此开展PMFCL温度场的计算分析有重要的实际意义。针对一种直线型的PMFCL结构,使用有限元软件进行磁场分析得出铁心在一个周期内的磁感应强度随时间变化的B-t曲线,再根据铁心的B-P曲线计算其损耗,并考虑永磁体的损耗,分析线路正常工作状态和故障状态保持持续的极端情况下永磁饱和型故障电流限制器的稳态温度场,仿真结果发现该新型的限流器的永磁体在线路正常工作状态和故障状态下均处于未失效的磁性状态的温度范围内,从而处于两个稳态中间的故障过渡过程中PMFCL的永磁体满足设计的温度和磁性性能要求,验证了此PMFCL具有很好的磁场热稳定性。
An open circuit permanent magnets saturated fault current limiter has the advantages of simple structure,low loss and low operating cost,and so that it has a good applied prospect. Permanent magnets may lose their magne-tization at high temperatures. Therefore,it is great practical significant to carry out calculation and analysis of PMF-CL temperature field. For a linear PMFCL,the B-t curve of the magnetic flux density of a core over a period of time isobtained by using finite element software to analyze the magnetic field,and then the loss is calculated according tothe B-P curve of the core,and the loss of the permanent magnet is taken into consideration to analyze the tempera-ture field at the conditions in which the normal working state and the extreme continuous fault state of the bus. The re-sults of simulation shows that the permanent magnets of the novel current limiter are all in the temperature range ofgood magnetic state at the normal working state and the extreme continuous fault state of the bus,and thus during thetransition of the bus fault in the middle of two steady states,PMFCL meets design temperature and magnetic proper-ties so that this PMFCL has good thermal stability of magnetic field.
An open circuit permanent magnets saturated fault current limiter has the advantages of simple structure,low loss and low operating cost,and so that it has a good applied prospect. Permanent magnets may lose their magne-tization at high temperatures. Therefore,it is great practical significant to carry out calculation and analysis of PMF-CL temperature field. For a linear PMFCL,the B-t curve of the magnetic flux density of a core over a period of time isobtained by using finite element software to analyze the magnetic field,and then the loss is calculated according tothe B-P curve of the core,and the loss of the permanent magnet is taken into consideration to analyze the tempera-ture field at the conditions in which the normal working state and the extreme continuous fault state of the bus. The re-sults of simulation shows that the permanent magnets of the novel current limiter are all in the temperature range ofgood magnetic state at the normal working state and the extreme continuous fault state of the bus,and thus during thetransition of the bus fault in the middle of two steady states,PMFCL meets design temperature and magnetic proper-ties so that this PMFCL has good thermal stability of magnetic field.
引文
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[16]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明,等.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.CHEN Ping,TANG Renyuan,TONG Wenming,et al.Per-manent magnet eddy current loss and its influence of highpowerdensitypermanentmagnetsynchronousmotor[J].Trans-actions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):1-9.
[17]黄允凯,胡虔生,朱建国,等.顾及旋转铁耗的高速爪极电机三维磁热耦合分析[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):54-60.HUANG Yunkai,HU Qiansheng,ZHU Jianguo,et al.Mag-neto-thermal analysis of a high-speed claw pole motor con-sidering rotational core loss[J].Transactions of China Elec-trotechnical Society,2010,25(5):54-60.
[18]倪光正.工程电磁场原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.NI Guangzheng.Principle of engineering electromagneticfield[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.
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[21]林岩.钕铁硼永磁电机防高温失磁技术的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2006.LIN Yan.Research on technology of demagnetization proofof permanent magnet machine on high temperature[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2006.
[2]卫元朋,韩松,许逵.串联谐振型高压故障限流器研究及应用进展述评[J].高压电器,2013,49(7):104-109.WEI Yuanpeng,HAN Song,XU Kui.Critical review on high-voltage series resonance type fault current limiter[J].HighVoltage Apparatus,2013,49(7):104-109.
[3]刘娟,王志敏.云南电网短路电流升高原因及对策[J].云南电力技术,2017,45(4):108-110.LIU Juan,WANG Zhimin.Reasons of yunnan power gridshort-circuit current increases and countermeasures[J].Yun-nan Electric Power,2017,45(4):108-110.
[4]关洪浩,罗忠游,宋新甫,等.750 k V乌北片区电网短路电流现状及改进措施[J].陕西电力,2014,42(6):42-45.GUAN Honghao,LUO Zhongyou,SONG Xinfu,et al.Presentsituation of short current in 750 k V Wubei area and improvedmeasures[J].Shaanxi Electric Power,2014,42(6):42-45.
[5]武守远,荆平,戴朝波,等.故障电流限制器技术及其新进展[J].电网技术,2008,32(24):23-32.WU Shouyuan,JING Ping,Dai Chaobo,et al.Fault currentlimiting measures and their recent progress[J].Power Sys-tem Technology,2008,32(24):23-32.
[6]江道灼,敖志香,卢旭日,等.短路限流技术的研究与发展[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(3):8-19.JIANG Daozhuo,AO Zhixiang,LU Xuri,et al.Researchand development of shout-circuit current limiting technolo-gy[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Universities forElectric Power System and Automation,2007,19(3):8-19.
[7]张翀,张轩,张志丰.直流断路器与直流故障限流器的匹配研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(12):26-33.ZHANG Chong,ZHANG Xuan,ZHANG Zhifeng.Coordina-tion of DC circuit breaker and DC fault current limiter[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(12):26-33.
[8]KNOTT J C,MOSCROP J W.Increasing energy efficiencyof saturated-core fault current limiters with permanentmagnets[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(7):4132-4136.
[9]LI Lei,LI Lin.A novel saturated-core fault current limiterand its nonlinear magnetic circuit model[J].The Internation-al Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electricaland Electronic Engineering,2017,36(6):1739-1749.
[10]李磊,李琳.改进永磁饱和铁心型故障电流限制器及其等效电路模型[J].电网技术,2017,41(11):3685-3690.LI Lei,LI Lin.A novel saturated-core fault current limiter withpermanent magnet modules and its nonlinear equivalent cir-cuit[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(11):3685-3690.
[11]邹亮,李庆民,许家响,等.考虑漏磁效应的永磁饱和型故障限流器磁路建模与实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(21):137-145.ZOU Liang,LI Qingmin,XU Jiaxiang,et al.Magnetic topol-ogy modeling and experimental study of permanent-magnet-biased saturation based fault current limiter with leakage fluxeffect[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(21):137-145.
[12]郝溪.饱和铁芯型高温超导故障限流器漏磁场分析与研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.HAO Xi.Analysis and research of leakage magnetic fieldfor saturated iron-core superconducting fault current limit-er[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2016.
[13]付兴贺,林明耀,徐妲,等.永磁感应子式混合励磁发电机三维暂态温度场的计算与分析[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):107-113.FU Xinghe,LIN Mingyao,XU Da,et al.Computation andanalysis of 3D-transient temperature field for a permanentmagnet-induction hybrid excitation generator[J].Transac-tions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):107-113.
[14]KOLONDZOVSKI Z.Thermal and mechanical analysis ofhigh speed permanent magnet electrical machines[D].Fin-land:Aalto University,2010.
[15]AGLEN O.Loss calculation and thermal analysis of a highspeed generator[J].IEEE International Electric Machines&Drives Con.,2003,96(7):1117-1123.
[16]陈萍,唐任远,佟文明,等.高功率密度永磁同步电机永磁体涡流损耗分布规律及其影响[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):1-9.CHEN Ping,TANG Renyuan,TONG Wenming,et al.Per-manent magnet eddy current loss and its influence of highpowerdensitypermanentmagnetsynchronousmotor[J].Trans-actions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):1-9.
[17]黄允凯,胡虔生,朱建国,等.顾及旋转铁耗的高速爪极电机三维磁热耦合分析[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):54-60.HUANG Yunkai,HU Qiansheng,ZHU Jianguo,et al.Mag-neto-thermal analysis of a high-speed claw pole motor con-sidering rotational core loss[J].Transactions of China Elec-trotechnical Society,2010,25(5):54-60.
[18]倪光正.工程电磁场原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.NI Guangzheng.Principle of engineering electromagneticfield[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.
[19]BOUBAKER N,MATT D,ENRICI P,et al.Estimation ofrotor eddy-current losses for high speed SPMSM[C]//15thEuropean Conference on Power Electronics and Applica-tions(EPE).[S.l.]:IEEE,2013:1-6.
[20]RUOHO S,SANTA-NOKKI T,KOLEHMAINEN J,et al.Modeling magnet length in 2-D finite-element analysis ofelectric machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(8):3114-3120.
[21]林岩.钕铁硼永磁电机防高温失磁技术的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2006.LIN Yan.Research on technology of demagnetization proofof permanent magnet machine on high temperature[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2006.