封育对天然草地深层土壤粒径分形特征的影响
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摘要
为了明确长期封育对天然草地土壤粒径分形的影响,采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法,试验对比研究了黄土高原宁夏固原云雾山自然保护区封育30年草地和放牧草地的深层土壤粒径分形特征。结果表明:(1)封育30年草地土壤中粉粒含量显著低于放牧草地(p<0.05),分别为21.1%和28.1%。(2)封育30年草地的土壤粒径分形维数明显高于放牧草地(p<0.01),在140—500cm的土层中表现尤为显著。(3)土壤粒径分形维数与粉粒和极细沙粒含量呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),而与细沙粒、中沙粒、粗沙粒呈极显著负相关(p<0.01)。因此,长期封育草地土壤粒径趋于变大,中细颗粒土壤积累减少,同时长期封育影响深层土壤结构,深层土壤物理结构信息不容忽视。
In order to clarify the effect of long-term fencing on the fractal dimension of soil particle size in natural grassland,different period fenced grasslands in variety location stand for sequential vegetation restoration,the fractal characteristics of deep soil particle size overgrazing enclosure and grazing grassland in Yunwushan of Guyuan on the Loess Plateau were compared.The results were as follows.(1)The silt content of soil in 30-year grazing enclosure grassland was significantly lower than that of grazing grassland(p<0.05),which were 21.1% and 28.1%,respectively.(2)The fractal dimension of soil particle sizes of the grazing enclosure grassland was significantly higher than that of grazing grassland(p<0.01),especially in the soil layer of 140—500 cm.(3)The fractal dimension of soil particle sizes had a very significant positive correlation with the contents of extreme fine sand and silt(p<0.01),but negatively correlated with fine sand,middle sand and coarse sand(p<0.01).Therefore,the soil particle size tends to increase and the accumulation of soil fine and medium particles decreased in long-term grazing enclosure.Meanwhile,the long-term grazing enclosure of grassland affects the structure of deep soil,the physical structure information of deep soil should not be ignored.
In order to clarify the effect of long-term fencing on the fractal dimension of soil particle size in natural grassland,different period fenced grasslands in variety location stand for sequential vegetation restoration,the fractal characteristics of deep soil particle size overgrazing enclosure and grazing grassland in Yunwushan of Guyuan on the Loess Plateau were compared.The results were as follows.(1)The silt content of soil in 30-year grazing enclosure grassland was significantly lower than that of grazing grassland(p<0.05),which were 21.1% and 28.1%,respectively.(2)The fractal dimension of soil particle sizes of the grazing enclosure grassland was significantly higher than that of grazing grassland(p<0.01),especially in the soil layer of 140—500 cm.(3)The fractal dimension of soil particle sizes had a very significant positive correlation with the contents of extreme fine sand and silt(p<0.01),but negatively correlated with fine sand,middle sand and coarse sand(p<0.01).Therefore,the soil particle size tends to increase and the accumulation of soil fine and medium particles decreased in long-term grazing enclosure.Meanwhile,the long-term grazing enclosure of grassland affects the structure of deep soil,the physical structure information of deep soil should not be ignored.
引文
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[11]李金峰,刘林,薛丽萍,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区欧李人工林对坡面土壤分形特征及可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(2):21-26.
[12]张海廷,时延庆.山东省不同土地利用方式土壤颗粒组成及其分形维数特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):126-138.
[13]肖冬冬,史正涛,刘新有,等.西双版纳橡胶林土壤颗粒体积分形维数特征[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(5):817-823.
[14]张佳瑞,王金满,等.分形理论在土壤学应用中的研究进展[J].土壤通报,2017,48(1):221-228.
[15]张彩红,茹豪,武秀娟,等.庞泉沟流域土壤粒径分形维数特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(11):83-88.
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[17]许婷婷,董智,李红丽,等.不同设障年限沙丘土壤粒径和有机碳分布特征[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(6):628-634.
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[20]李强,李志伟,王全,等.云南陆良植烟土壤粒径分布及其分形维数空间变异研究[J].山地学报,2017,35(1):23-31.
[21]赵盼盼,李国旗,邵文山,等.封育对荒漠草原苦豆子群落土壤粒径分形特征的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(6):1234-1241.
[22]孙传龙,张卓栋,邱倩倩,等.锡林郭勒草地表层土壤粒度分形特征及其与风蚀的关系[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(5):978-985.
[23]白一茹,汪有科.黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤粒径分布单重分形和多重分形特征[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(5):43-48.
[24]王德,傅伯杰,陈利顶,等.不同土地利用类型下土壤粒径分形分析:以黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[J].生态学报,2007,27(7):3081-3089.
[25]甘凤玲,王涛,何丙辉,等.汶川震区不同植被下土壤组成及其分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):84-91.
[26]周萍,文安邦,严冬春,等.紫色土坡耕地不同坡位不同高度地埂土壤颗粒组成及分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):84-88.
[27]茹豪,张建军,李玉婷,等.黄土高原土壤粒径分形特征及其对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(4):176-182.
[28]赵明月,赵文武,刘源鑫.不同尺度下土壤粒径分布特征及其影响因子:以黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4625-4632.
[2]阎欣,安慧.宁夏荒漠草原沙漠化过程中土壤粒径分形特征[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(10):3243-3250.
[3]刘志强,高吉喜,田美荣,等.生态修复区植物群落土壤粒径的分维特征[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(2):303-308.
[4]王国梁,周生路,赵其国.土壤颗粒的体积分形维数及其在土地利用中的应用[J].土壤学报,2005,42(4):545-550.
[5]Tyler S W,Wheat-craft S W.Application of factal mathematics to soil water retention estimation[J].Soil Sci.Soc.Am.J.,1989,53(4):987-996.
[6]Arya LM,Paris JF.A physicoempirical model to predict the soil moisture characteristic from particle-size distribution and bulk density data[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1981,45(6):1023-1031.
[7]杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899.
[8]曾宪勤,刘和平,路炳军,等.北京山区土壤粒径分布分形维数特征[J].山地学报,2008,26(1):65-70.
[9]陈小红,段争虎,谭明亮,等.沙漠化逆转过程中土壤颗粒分形维数的变化特征:以宁夏盐池县为例[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(2):297-302.
[10]胡云锋,刘纪远,庄大方,等.不同土地利用/土地覆盖下土壤粒径分布的分维特征[J].土壤学报,2005,42(2):336-339.
[11]李金峰,刘林,薛丽萍,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区欧李人工林对坡面土壤分形特征及可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(2):21-26.
[12]张海廷,时延庆.山东省不同土地利用方式土壤颗粒组成及其分形维数特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):126-138.
[13]肖冬冬,史正涛,刘新有,等.西双版纳橡胶林土壤颗粒体积分形维数特征[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(5):817-823.
[14]张佳瑞,王金满,等.分形理论在土壤学应用中的研究进展[J].土壤通报,2017,48(1):221-228.
[15]张彩红,茹豪,武秀娟,等.庞泉沟流域土壤粒径分形维数特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(11):83-88.
[16]李建平,陈婧,谢应忠,等.封育对草地深层土壤碳储量及其固持速率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):1-8.
[17]许婷婷,董智,李红丽,等.不同设障年限沙丘土壤粒径和有机碳分布特征[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(6):628-634.
[18]董莉丽,郑粉莉.陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤粒径分形特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(2):35-41.
[19]管孝艳,杨培岭,吕烨.基于多重分形的土壤粒径分布与土壤物理特性关系[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(3):44-50.
[20]李强,李志伟,王全,等.云南陆良植烟土壤粒径分布及其分形维数空间变异研究[J].山地学报,2017,35(1):23-31.
[21]赵盼盼,李国旗,邵文山,等.封育对荒漠草原苦豆子群落土壤粒径分形特征的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(6):1234-1241.
[22]孙传龙,张卓栋,邱倩倩,等.锡林郭勒草地表层土壤粒度分形特征及其与风蚀的关系[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(5):978-985.
[23]白一茹,汪有科.黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤粒径分布单重分形和多重分形特征[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(5):43-48.
[24]王德,傅伯杰,陈利顶,等.不同土地利用类型下土壤粒径分形分析:以黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[J].生态学报,2007,27(7):3081-3089.
[25]甘凤玲,王涛,何丙辉,等.汶川震区不同植被下土壤组成及其分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):84-91.
[26]周萍,文安邦,严冬春,等.紫色土坡耕地不同坡位不同高度地埂土壤颗粒组成及分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):84-88.
[27]茹豪,张建军,李玉婷,等.黄土高原土壤粒径分形特征及其对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(4):176-182.
[28]赵明月,赵文武,刘源鑫.不同尺度下土壤粒径分布特征及其影响因子:以黄土丘陵沟壑区为例[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4625-4632.