水库前汛期水文特征分析研究
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摘要
根据龙滩水库1960年～2012年的流量资料,利用滑动平均法、小波分析和Mann-Kendall检验法对4月、5月和年平均流量的特征进行分析研究。研究显示,4月、5月平均流量分别以平均每年4. 45、2. 14 m~3/s的速率增长,年平均流量以平均每年5. 48 m~3/s的速率减少; 4月、5月和年平均流量均呈现明显的周期波动,且4月平均流量的第1变化主周期为5 a,5月和年平均流量为27 a; 4月和年平均流量的突变点均为1个,5月平均流量有2个突变点;前汛期(4月和5月)平均流量与年平均流量变异前后在均值、CS和Cv等特征上都存在一定的相似和差异。前汛期平均流量变化比年平均流量的变化更明显。
According to the flow data of Longtan Reservoir from 1960 to 2012,the characteristics of average flows in April,May and a year are analyzed by means of moving average,wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall method. The results showedthat,( a) the average flows in April and May rise at an average annual rate of 4. 45 m~3/s and 2. 14 m~3/s respectively,whilethe annual average flow decreases at an average annual rate of 5. 48 m~3/s;( b) the average flows in April,May and a yearshow significant periodic fluctuations,the main cycle of the first change of average flow in April is 5 a,and the average flow inMay and a year is 27 a;( c) the mutations take place 1 time both in average flows of April and a year while the average flow inMay has 2 times; and( d) there are some similarities and differences between the annual average flow and the average flowduring the early flood season( April and May) in the mean,CSand Cv,and the average flow during the early flood season iseasier to change than the annual average flow.
According to the flow data of Longtan Reservoir from 1960 to 2012,the characteristics of average flows in April,May and a year are analyzed by means of moving average,wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall method. The results showedthat,( a) the average flows in April and May rise at an average annual rate of 4. 45 m~3/s and 2. 14 m~3/s respectively,whilethe annual average flow decreases at an average annual rate of 5. 48 m~3/s;( b) the average flows in April,May and a yearshow significant periodic fluctuations,the main cycle of the first change of average flow in April is 5 a,and the average flow inMay and a year is 27 a;( c) the mutations take place 1 time both in average flows of April and a year while the average flow inMay has 2 times; and( d) there are some similarities and differences between the annual average flow and the average flowduring the early flood season( April and May) in the mean,CSand Cv,and the average flow during the early flood season iseasier to change than the annual average flow.
引文
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[3]李运刚,何大明,叶长青.云南红河流域径流的时空分布变化规律[J].地理学报,2008,63(1):41-49.
[4]谢平,陈广才,李德,等.水文变异综合诊断方法及其应用研究[J].水电能源科学,2005(2):11-14.
[5]雷红富,谢平,陈广才,等.水文序列变异点检验方法的性能比较分析[J].水电能源科学,2007,25(4):36-40.
[6]邹悦,张勃,戴声佩,等.黑河流域莺落峡站水文过程变异点的识别与分析[J].资源科学,2011,33(7):1264-1271.
[7]雷旭,谢平,顾海挺.基于月径流重构序列变异分析的水文分期方法[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2017(2):211-220.
[8]胡彩霞,谢平,许斌,等.基于基尼系数的水文年内分配均匀度变异分析方法---以东江流域龙川站径流序列为例[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(6):7-13.
[9]张强,崔瑛,陈永勤.水文变异条件下的东江流域生态径流研究[J].自然资源学报,2012(5):790-800.
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[11]王文圣,丁晶,李跃清.水文小波分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[12]普发贵.Mann-Kendall检验法在抚仙湖水质趋势分析中的应用[J].环境科学导刊,2014,33(6):83-87.