苏联及东欧的马克思主义与世界文学研究
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摘要
十月革命的胜利开启了苏联和东欧国家世界文学研究的新篇章。苏联和东欧的世界文学研究在马克思主义的指导下,取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。与西方的世界文学研究相比,显现出浓厚的历史主义与文化诗学倾向、对世界文学进程的静态描述与动态追踪相结合、对东方文学的整体性把握与系统性分析以及对欧洲中心主义的深入反思和批判等特质。在"全球化"浪潮席卷世界的大背景下,苏联的马克思主义世界文学研究以其对世界文学本质与特征及其历史发展规律的深刻洞见而成为我们抵制西方的世界文学研究中的不良倾向、对抗跨国资本主义的一元论乃至构建人类命运共同体的有力武器。
The victory of the October Revolution opened a new chapter in the study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe has made significant achievements under the guidance of Marxism. Compared with Western world literature research,it shows a strong tendency of historicism and cultural poetics,the combination of static description and dynamic tracing of the process of world literature,the holistic and systematic analysis of Eastern literature,and the deep reflection on Eurocentrism. In our globalized world,the Marxist world literature study of the Soviet Union,with its profound insight into the essence and characteristics of world literature and the law of its historical development,has become a powerful weapon for resisting the bad tendency in the study of world literature in the West,counterattacking the monism of transnational capitalism,and building up a community of shared interests for humanity.
The victory of the October Revolution opened a new chapter in the study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The study of world literature in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe has made significant achievements under the guidance of Marxism. Compared with Western world literature research,it shows a strong tendency of historicism and cultural poetics,the combination of static description and dynamic tracing of the process of world literature,the holistic and systematic analysis of Eastern literature,and the deep reflection on Eurocentrism. In our globalized world,the Marxist world literature study of the Soviet Union,with its profound insight into the essence and characteristics of world literature and the law of its historical development,has become a powerful weapon for resisting the bad tendency in the study of world literature in the West,counterattacking the monism of transnational capitalism,and building up a community of shared interests for humanity.
引文
程正民等:《20世纪俄国马克思主义文艺理论研究》。北京:北京大学出版社, 2012年。[Cheng,Zhengmin et al. A Study of Russian Marxist Theory of Literature and Art in the 20th Century(er shi shi ji e guo ma ke si zhu yi wen yi li lun yan jiu). Beijing:Peking University Press,2012.]
程正民:《列宁文艺思想与当代》。北京:北京师范大学出版社, 1997年。[Cheng,Zhengmin. Lenin's Literary and Art Thoughts and the Contemporary Era(lie ning wen yi si xiang yu dang dai). Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press,1997.]
郭芳丽:“社会主义现实主义:原苏联马克思主义‘世界文学’理论关键词”,《学术交流》1(2005):175-180。[Guo,Fangli.“Socialist Realism:Marxist Theory of World Literature in the Former Soviet Union”(she hui zhu yi xian shi zhu yi:yuan su lian ma ke si zhu yi shi jie wen xue li lun guan jian ci). Academic Exchange 1(2005):175-180.]
高尔基:《高尔基论文学》,戈宝权等译。南宁:广西人民出版社,1980 年。[Gorky. Gorky on Literature(gao er ji lun wen xue). Trans. Ge Baoquan et. al. Nanning:Guangxi People's Publishing House,1980.]
高尔基世界文学研究所:《世界文学史》第1卷上册,陈雪莲等译。上海上海文艺出版社,2013年。[Gorky Institute of World Literature. A History of World Literature(shi jie wen xue shi)Vol. 1.Book 1. Trans. Chen Xuelian et. al. Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House,2013.]
列宁《列宁论文学艺术》,中国社会科学院文学研究所文艺理论研究室编。北京:人民文学出版社,1983 年。[Lenin. Lenin on Literature and Art(lie ning lun wen xue yi shu). Ed. Literary Theory Laboratory of Institute of Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijing:People's Literature Press,1983.]
刘宁:“译者前言—亚·尼·维谢洛夫斯基的历史诗学研究述评”,《历史诗学》,维谢洛夫斯基著,刘宁译。天津:百花文艺出版社, 2002年。1-38。[Liu,Ning.“The Preface of the Translator:A Review of the Research of Veselovsky's Historical Poetics”(yi zhe qian yan-ya ni wei xie luo fu si ji de li shi shi xue yan jiu shu ping). Historical Poetics. Veselovsky A. N. Trans. Liu Ning. Tianjin:Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House,2002. 1-8.]
马克思、恩格斯:“共产党宣言”,《马克思恩格斯选集》第1卷,中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局编译。北京:人民出版社, 1995年。248-307。[Marx and Engels. The Communist Manifesto(gong chan dang xuan yan). Selected Works of Marx and Engels.Vol. 1. Ed. Central Compilation&Translation Bureau. Beijing:People's Publishing House,1995. 248-307.]
马克思:“《政治经济学批判》序言”,《马克思恩格斯选集》第2卷,中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局编译。北京:人民出版社,1995 年。31-35。[Marx.“The Preface to Critique of Political Economy”(zheng zhi jing ji xue pi pan xu yan). Selected Works of Marx and Engels Vol. 2. Ed. Central Compilation&Translation Bureau. Beijing:People's Publishing House,1995. 31-35.]
尼古拉耶夫:《马克思列宁主义文艺学》,李辉凡译。合肥:安徽文艺出版社, 1986年。[Nikolaev. Marxist-Leninist Theory of Literature and Art(ma ke si lie ning zhu yi wen yi xue).Trans. Li Huifan. Hefei:Anhui Literature and Art Publishing House,1986.]
Плеханов Г. В. Сочинения. В 24 т. Т. 7. М.-П.: Государственное издательство,1923.[Plehanov G. V. Corpus Vol. 7. Moscow,Petrograd:National Publishing House,1923.]
谢尔宾纳:“论社会主义现实主义”,《世界文学中的现实主义问题》,中国社会科学院文学研究所编。北京:知识产权出版社, 2010年。34-62。[Sherbina.“On Socialist Realism”(lun she hui zhu yi xian shi zhu yi). Realism in World Literature. Ed. Institute of Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijing:Intellectual Property Publishing House,2010. 34-62.]
王宁“马克思主义与世界文学研究”,《文学理论前沿》2(2014):1-29。[Wang,Ning.“Marxism and the Study of World Literature”(ma ke si zhu yi yu shi jie wen xue yan jiu). Frontiers of Literary Theory 12(2014):1-29.]
周忠厚等:《马克思主义文艺学思想发展史》(上)。北京:中国人民大学出版社,2007 年[Zhou,Zhonghou et al. A History of the Development of Marxist Theory of Literature and Art(ma ke si zhu yi wen yi xue si xiang fa zhan shi)Vol. 1. Beijing:Renmin University of China Press,2007.]
邹建军:“文学史的构架与叙述方式问题——‘重读《世界文学史》笔谈’主持人语”,《世界文学评论》4(2014):6-8。[Zou,Jianjun.“The Structure of the History of Literature and the Question of the Way of Narration-Editor's Words about‘Rereading the History of World Literature’”(wen xue shi de gou jia yu xu shu fang shi wen ti-chong du shi jie wen xue shi bi tan zhu chi ren yu). World Literature Review 4(2014):6-8.]
程正民:《列宁文艺思想与当代》。北京:北京师范大学出版社, 1997年。[Cheng,Zhengmin. Lenin's Literary and Art Thoughts and the Contemporary Era(lie ning wen yi si xiang yu dang dai). Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press,1997.]
郭芳丽:“社会主义现实主义:原苏联马克思主义‘世界文学’理论关键词”,《学术交流》1(2005):175-180。[Guo,Fangli.“Socialist Realism:Marxist Theory of World Literature in the Former Soviet Union”(she hui zhu yi xian shi zhu yi:yuan su lian ma ke si zhu yi shi jie wen xue li lun guan jian ci). Academic Exchange 1(2005):175-180.]
高尔基:《高尔基论文学》,戈宝权等译。南宁:广西人民出版社,1980 年。[Gorky. Gorky on Literature(gao er ji lun wen xue). Trans. Ge Baoquan et. al. Nanning:Guangxi People's Publishing House,1980.]
高尔基世界文学研究所:《世界文学史》第1卷上册,陈雪莲等译。上海上海文艺出版社,2013年。[Gorky Institute of World Literature. A History of World Literature(shi jie wen xue shi)Vol. 1.Book 1. Trans. Chen Xuelian et. al. Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House,2013.]
列宁《列宁论文学艺术》,中国社会科学院文学研究所文艺理论研究室编。北京:人民文学出版社,1983 年。[Lenin. Lenin on Literature and Art(lie ning lun wen xue yi shu). Ed. Literary Theory Laboratory of Institute of Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijing:People's Literature Press,1983.]
刘宁:“译者前言—亚·尼·维谢洛夫斯基的历史诗学研究述评”,《历史诗学》,维谢洛夫斯基著,刘宁译。天津:百花文艺出版社, 2002年。1-38。[Liu,Ning.“The Preface of the Translator:A Review of the Research of Veselovsky's Historical Poetics”(yi zhe qian yan-ya ni wei xie luo fu si ji de li shi shi xue yan jiu shu ping). Historical Poetics. Veselovsky A. N. Trans. Liu Ning. Tianjin:Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House,2002. 1-8.]
马克思、恩格斯:“共产党宣言”,《马克思恩格斯选集》第1卷,中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局编译。北京:人民出版社, 1995年。248-307。[Marx and Engels. The Communist Manifesto(gong chan dang xuan yan). Selected Works of Marx and Engels.Vol. 1. Ed. Central Compilation&Translation Bureau. Beijing:People's Publishing House,1995. 248-307.]
马克思:“《政治经济学批判》序言”,《马克思恩格斯选集》第2卷,中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局编译。北京:人民出版社,1995 年。31-35。[Marx.“The Preface to Critique of Political Economy”(zheng zhi jing ji xue pi pan xu yan). Selected Works of Marx and Engels Vol. 2. Ed. Central Compilation&Translation Bureau. Beijing:People's Publishing House,1995. 31-35.]
尼古拉耶夫:《马克思列宁主义文艺学》,李辉凡译。合肥:安徽文艺出版社, 1986年。[Nikolaev. Marxist-Leninist Theory of Literature and Art(ma ke si lie ning zhu yi wen yi xue).Trans. Li Huifan. Hefei:Anhui Literature and Art Publishing House,1986.]
Плеханов Г. В. Сочинения. В 24 т. Т. 7. М.-П.: Государственное издательство,1923.[Plehanov G. V. Corpus Vol. 7. Moscow,Petrograd:National Publishing House,1923.]
谢尔宾纳:“论社会主义现实主义”,《世界文学中的现实主义问题》,中国社会科学院文学研究所编。北京:知识产权出版社, 2010年。34-62。[Sherbina.“On Socialist Realism”(lun she hui zhu yi xian shi zhu yi). Realism in World Literature. Ed. Institute of Literature of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijing:Intellectual Property Publishing House,2010. 34-62.]
王宁“马克思主义与世界文学研究”,《文学理论前沿》2(2014):1-29。[Wang,Ning.“Marxism and the Study of World Literature”(ma ke si zhu yi yu shi jie wen xue yan jiu). Frontiers of Literary Theory 12(2014):1-29.]
周忠厚等:《马克思主义文艺学思想发展史》(上)。北京:中国人民大学出版社,2007 年[Zhou,Zhonghou et al. A History of the Development of Marxist Theory of Literature and Art(ma ke si zhu yi wen yi xue si xiang fa zhan shi)Vol. 1. Beijing:Renmin University of China Press,2007.]
邹建军:“文学史的构架与叙述方式问题——‘重读《世界文学史》笔谈’主持人语”,《世界文学评论》4(2014):6-8。[Zou,Jianjun.“The Structure of the History of Literature and the Question of the Way of Narration-Editor's Words about‘Rereading the History of World Literature’”(wen xue shi de gou jia yu xu shu fang shi wen ti-chong du shi jie wen xue shi bi tan zhu chi ren yu). World Literature Review 4(2014):6-8.]