基于PVPT控制的小型光伏微电网混合控制研究
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摘要
针对小型光伏微电网系统由于受投资成本限制造成的经济性差、能源利用手段单一以及监控系统功能不完整的问题,设计了一种基于光电光热一体化(Photovoltaic-photothermal, PVPT或PV/T)技术的简单改进方案。并在此基础上探讨了基于前端组件温度-功率关系的混合控制方法的可行性。利用PVPT原理的优点综合提升小型光伏微电网系统的整体经济效益。实验结果表明,改进方案能有效地增加系统的发电效率,丰富用户的光能利用手段。而以此改进方案为基础的混合温度功率控制方法调控过程平滑,调控区间较小,可作为小型光伏微电网系统的后备控制和功率微调控制。由于该改进方法成本较低、结构简单,满足小型光伏微电网系统运营特点的要求,具有一定的应用潜力。
In view of the poor economic efficiency, single energy utilization method, and incomplete monitoring system function of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system due to the restriction of investment cost, a simple improvement scheme is designed on the basis of photovoltaic-photothermal integration(photovoltaic-photothermal, PVPT or PV/T)technology, and the feasibility of hybrid control method based on the temperature-power relation of front-end components is discussed on this basis. The overall economic benefits of small-scale photovoltaic micro-grid system can be comprehensively improved through utilizing the strengths of PVPT principle. The experimental result shows that the improvement scheme can validly increase the power generation efficiency of the system, as well as enrich the luminous energy utilization methods of the users. The mixed temperature power control method based on such improvement scheme demonstrates a smooth regulation process and smaller regulation interval, and can be used for the backup control and fine control of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system. Since such improvement method is low in cost and simple in structure, it meets the operation characteristic requirements of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system, and possesses certain application potential.
In view of the poor economic efficiency, single energy utilization method, and incomplete monitoring system function of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system due to the restriction of investment cost, a simple improvement scheme is designed on the basis of photovoltaic-photothermal integration(photovoltaic-photothermal, PVPT or PV/T)technology, and the feasibility of hybrid control method based on the temperature-power relation of front-end components is discussed on this basis. The overall economic benefits of small-scale photovoltaic micro-grid system can be comprehensively improved through utilizing the strengths of PVPT principle. The experimental result shows that the improvement scheme can validly increase the power generation efficiency of the system, as well as enrich the luminous energy utilization methods of the users. The mixed temperature power control method based on such improvement scheme demonstrates a smooth regulation process and smaller regulation interval, and can be used for the backup control and fine control of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system. Since such improvement method is low in cost and simple in structure, it meets the operation characteristic requirements of small-scaled photovoltaic micro-grid system, and possesses certain application potential.
引文
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[2]朱洁,陈娅兰,张淼,等.基于混合整数线性规划的家庭微电网能量优化研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(22):96-101.ZHU Jie,CHEN Yalan,ZHANG Miao,et al.Household micro grid energy optimal research based on MILP[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(22):96-101.
[3]张映斌,夏登福,全鹏,等.晶体硅光伏组件热斑失效问题研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(7):1854-1861.ZHANG Yingbin,XIA Dengfu,QUAN Peng,et al.Study on thermal spot failure of crystalline silicon PVmodules[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(7):1854-1861.
[4]ADHIKARI S,LI F.Coordinated V-f and P-Q control of solar photovoltaic generators with MPPT and battery storage in microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(3):1270-1281.
[5]ZHANG L,LIU Y,XIN H.Phase-plane analyses of a microgrid under PQ control mode[C]//Proc International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply(SUPERGEN 2012),September 8-9,2012,Hangzhou,China:1-5.
[6]TAYAB U B,ROSLAN M A B,HWAI L J,et al.Areview of droop control techniques for microgrid[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017,76:717-727.
[7]LU X,GUERRERO J M,SUN K,et al.Hierarchical control of parallel AC-DC converter interfaces for hybrid microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(2):683-692.
[8]FENG X,SHEKHAR A,YANG F,et al.Comparison of hierarchical control and distributed control for microgrid[J].Electric Power Components and Systems,2017,45(10):1043-1056.
[9]OLIVARES D E,MEHRIZI-SANI A,ETEMADI A H,et al.Trends in microgrid control[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(4):1905-1919.
[10]PAN Zhaoguang,GUO Qinglai,SUN Hongbin.Interactions of district electricity and heating systems considering time-scale characteristics based on quasi-steady multi-energy flow[J].Applied Energy,2016,167:230-243.
[11]CORNEA O,ANDREESCU G D,MUNTEAN N,et al.Bidirectional power flow control in a DC microgrid through a switched-capacitor cell hybrid DC-DCconverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(4):3012-3022.
[12]MARTIRANO L,HABIB E,PARISE G,et al.Demand side management in microgrids for load control in nearly zero energy buildings[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2017,53(3):1769-1779.
[13]LIU Y,YU S,ZHU Y,et al.Modeling,planning,application and management of energy systems for isolated areas:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2018,82(1):460-470.
[14]何永贵,韦淑敏.光储电站成本电价模型及投资决策分析[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(8):2186-2194.HE Yonggui,WEI Shumin.Cost pricing model and investment decision analysis of optical storage power plant[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(8):2186-2194.
[15]肖泽成,秦红,靳晓钒.太阳电池冷却及光伏/光热一体技术的新进展[J].电力与能源,2011,32(5):397-401.XIAO Zecheng,QIN Hong,JIN Xiaofan.New development of solar cell cooling and PV/photothermal integrated Technology[J].Power&Energy,2011,32(5):397-401.
[16]KANUMILLI C,DUTTA K K.Hybrid thermal photovoltaic system[C]//International Conference on Circuits,Communication,Control and Computing,November 21-22,2014,Bangalore,India:17-20.
[17]WANG Y N,LIN T T,LEONG J C,et al.Numerical investigation of high concentration photovoltaic module heat dissipation[J].Renewable Energy,2013,50:20-26.
[18]赖宇宁,宋记锋,李建昌,等.利用PVT组件降低热斑效应危害的研究[J].科技资讯,2015,13(20):64-65.LAI Yuning,SONG Jifeng,LI Jianchang,et al.Study on reducing the harm of hot spot effect by using PVTcomponent[J].Science&Technology Information,2015,13(20):64-65.
[19]季杰,程洪波,何伟,等.太阳能光伏光热一体化系统的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2005,26(2):170-173.JI Jie,CHENG Hongbo,HE Wei,et al.Experimental study on solar photovoltaic integrated system[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2005,26(2):170-173.
[20]MATUSKA T.Performance and economic analysis of hybrid PVT collectors in solar DHW system[J].Energy Procedia,2014,48:150-156.
[21]郭超,季杰,孙炜,等.多功能太阳能PV/T集热器的光电/光热性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2017,38(2):372-377.GUO Chao,JI Jie,SUN Wei,et al.Study on Photoelectric/photothermal properties of multifunctional solar PV/T collector[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2017,38(2):372-377.
[22]王宝群,姚强,宋蔷,等.光伏/光热(PVT)系统概况与评价[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(2):193-200.WANG Baoqun,YAO Qiang,SONG Qiang,et al.Overview and evaluation of PV/Photothermal(PVT)systems[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(2):193-200.
[23]MONTGOMERY K H,HEREDIA C,WOODALL J M.Design and modeling of a high efficiency hybrid photovoltaic-photothermal concentrator(PVPTC)system[C]//2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference(PVSC),June 16-21,2013,Tampa,FL,USA:1755-1760.
[24]KING D L,KRATOCHVIL J A,BOYSON W E.Photovoltaic array performance model[R].Sandia Report No.SAND 2004-3535 available from US Department of Commerce:National Technical Information Service,2004.
[25]李江,张永利,刘强,等.分布式光储微电网系统并网控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(23):90-97.LI Jiang,ZHANG Yongli,LIU Qiang,et al.Research on grid-connected control strategy of distributed PV-storage microgrid system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(23):90-97.