踏面不圆顺对高速列车车轮运行声辐射的影响
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摘要
选取3个轮径差相同的同型高速列车车轮,并基于车轮有限元和边界元声学模型,研究车轮踏面不圆顺对于车轮在速度300 km/h运行状态下声辐射特性的影响。对比分析结果表明:工程中仅以轮径差大小来预测车轮声辐射水平的方法有失科学性。轮径差相同的不同车轮,其引起的声辐射特性可能不同,而是与车轮踏面不圆顺在各个波长下的所对应的轮轨力有密切关系;车轮在某频率下的声辐射水平,直接取决于该频率下轮轨力的大小;同时,高频段的粗糙度相比低频段更易激发出较大的轮轨力,也就会产生更显著的噪声辐射水平,因此,车轮在镟修时,更应着重削减其在高频段的粗糙度。
Three wheels with the same wheel diameter difference of a high-speed train are selected as research objects.The finite element model and the boundary element model are established to study the effect of wheel tread roughness on sound radiation characteristics of the trains at the speed of 300 km/h.Through the comparative analysis of the results,it is concluded that it is less scientific to predict the wheel sound radiation level by using a single wheel diameter difference only.Different wheels of the same diameter difference may still yield different sound radiation characteristics,but is closely related to wheel/rail force of each wavelength corresponding to wheel tread roundness.The sound radiation level of a certain frequency depends on the wheel/rail force of this frequency directly.Moreover,the roughness of high frequency section is more likely to excite larger wheel/rail force and produce higher sound radiation level than that of low frequency section.Therefore,the wheel tread repairing should focus on the reduction of the high frequency roughness.
Three wheels with the same wheel diameter difference of a high-speed train are selected as research objects.The finite element model and the boundary element model are established to study the effect of wheel tread roughness on sound radiation characteristics of the trains at the speed of 300 km/h.Through the comparative analysis of the results,it is concluded that it is less scientific to predict the wheel sound radiation level by using a single wheel diameter difference only.Different wheels of the same diameter difference may still yield different sound radiation characteristics,but is closely related to wheel/rail force of each wavelength corresponding to wheel tread roundness.The sound radiation level of a certain frequency depends on the wheel/rail force of this frequency directly.Moreover,the roughness of high frequency section is more likely to excite larger wheel/rail force and produce higher sound radiation level than that of low frequency section.Therefore,the wheel tread repairing should focus on the reduction of the high frequency roughness.
引文
[1]THOMPSON D J.Wheel/rail noise generation,part I:introduction and interaction modal[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1993,161(3):387-400.
[2]THOMPSON D J.Railway noise and vibration[M].lst ed.Elsevier,2009.
[3]王伟,曾京,罗仁,等.列车车轮不圆顺的研究现状[J].国外铁道车辆,2009,(1):39-43.
[4]JOHANSSON A.Out-of-round railway wheels-literature survey,field tests and numerical simulations[D].G?teborg:Chalmers University of Techonogy,2003.
[5]陈光雄,金学松,邬平波,等.车轮多边形磨耗机理的有限元研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):14-18.
[6]GAUTIER P E,VINCENT N,THOMPSON D J,et al.Railway wheel optimization[C]//Leuven:Proceedings of Inter Noise,1993:1455-1458.
[7]韩光旭,温泽峰,张捷,等.车轮非圆化对高速列车振动噪声的影响[J].噪声与振动控制,2014,34(4):10-13.
[8]刘玉霞,韩健,周信,等.弹性车轮减振降噪特性分析[J].铁道学报,2015,37(6):48-53.
[9]何远鹏,焦洪林,赵悦,等.嵌入式轨道弹性材料特性对钢轨振动与声辐射的影响[J].噪声与振动控制,2015,35(3):51-55.
[10]池茂儒,张卫华,金学松,等.轮径差对车轮系统稳定性的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2008,29(6):65-70.
[11]REMINGTON P J.Wheel/rail rolling noise I:theoretical analysis[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1987,81(6):1805-1823.
[12]方建英,肖新标,金学松,等.行车速度对高速列车车轮振动声辐射特性的影响[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(22):97-104.
[2]THOMPSON D J.Railway noise and vibration[M].lst ed.Elsevier,2009.
[3]王伟,曾京,罗仁,等.列车车轮不圆顺的研究现状[J].国外铁道车辆,2009,(1):39-43.
[4]JOHANSSON A.Out-of-round railway wheels-literature survey,field tests and numerical simulations[D].G?teborg:Chalmers University of Techonogy,2003.
[5]陈光雄,金学松,邬平波,等.车轮多边形磨耗机理的有限元研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):14-18.
[6]GAUTIER P E,VINCENT N,THOMPSON D J,et al.Railway wheel optimization[C]//Leuven:Proceedings of Inter Noise,1993:1455-1458.
[7]韩光旭,温泽峰,张捷,等.车轮非圆化对高速列车振动噪声的影响[J].噪声与振动控制,2014,34(4):10-13.
[8]刘玉霞,韩健,周信,等.弹性车轮减振降噪特性分析[J].铁道学报,2015,37(6):48-53.
[9]何远鹏,焦洪林,赵悦,等.嵌入式轨道弹性材料特性对钢轨振动与声辐射的影响[J].噪声与振动控制,2015,35(3):51-55.
[10]池茂儒,张卫华,金学松,等.轮径差对车轮系统稳定性的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2008,29(6):65-70.
[11]REMINGTON P J.Wheel/rail rolling noise I:theoretical analysis[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1987,81(6):1805-1823.
[12]方建英,肖新标,金学松,等.行车速度对高速列车车轮振动声辐射特性的影响[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(22):97-104.