基于场路耦合法的高阻抗变压器设计与计算分析
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摘要
针对短路电流过大引起的变压器损坏问题,文中基于一台220 kV三相三绕组有载调压变压器产品,提出了3种提高中—低压侧绕组短路阻抗的设计方案。首先,通过拆分中压绕组、调压绕组中置、高压绕组内置的方法增大中低绕组间的漏磁空道,实现了3种不同绕组结构的高阻抗变压器设计;然后,应用基于场路耦合的有限元法和漏磁阻法分别对不同设计方案的短路阻抗进行计算分析,得出将高压绕组内置的方案对提高短路阻抗最明显,提高了124.56%。同时,通过两种方法计算结果对比验证了计算的正确性;最后,对不同设计方案引起的油箱及夹件的涡流损耗及损耗密度分布进行计算,研究在实现变压器高阻抗过程中对结构件损耗产生的影响。文中对今后高阻抗变压器的设计提供了一些思路。
Aimed at transformer damage caused by large short-circuit current,this paper presents three kinds of design scheme improving medium-low winding short circuit impedance based on a 220 kV three-phase three wind-ing load transformer product;First of all,through splitting the middle voltage winding,placing the regulating winding in the middle and the high voltage winding inside to increase the leakage magnetic gap between the low and middle windings,thus realizing the design of three kinds of high impedance transformer with different winding structure;Then,based on the field-circuit coupled finite element method and the flux leakage method,the short-circuit impedance of different design schemes are analyzed and calculated,and the results show that: the scheme of placing the high voltage winding inside is the most obvious improvement of short circuit impedance,which is im-proved by 124.56%. Meanwhile,the calculation results are verified by comparing the results of the two methods. Fi-nally,the eddy current loss and loss density distribution of oil tank and clip caused by various schemes are calcu-lated,and the effect of the loss of structure in the process of high impedance transformer is studied. This paper pro-vides some ideas for the design of high impedance transformer.
Aimed at transformer damage caused by large short-circuit current,this paper presents three kinds of design scheme improving medium-low winding short circuit impedance based on a 220 kV three-phase three wind-ing load transformer product;First of all,through splitting the middle voltage winding,placing the regulating winding in the middle and the high voltage winding inside to increase the leakage magnetic gap between the low and middle windings,thus realizing the design of three kinds of high impedance transformer with different winding structure;Then,based on the field-circuit coupled finite element method and the flux leakage method,the short-circuit impedance of different design schemes are analyzed and calculated,and the results show that: the scheme of placing the high voltage winding inside is the most obvious improvement of short circuit impedance,which is im-proved by 124.56%. Meanwhile,the calculation results are verified by comparing the results of the two methods. Fi-nally,the eddy current loss and loss density distribution of oil tank and clip caused by various schemes are calcu-lated,and the effect of the loss of structure in the process of high impedance transformer is studied. This paper pro-vides some ideas for the design of high impedance transformer.
引文
[1]刘刚,黄华.高阻抗电力变压器的设计思路[J].变压器,2015,52(9):1-4.LIU Gang,HUANG Hua.Design thought of high impedance power transformer[J].Transformer,2015,52(9):1-4.
[2]董宏林,王勇,张立国,等.高阻抗变压器两种方案比较分析[J].变压器,2008,45(9):29-31.DONG Honglin,WANG Yong,ZHANG Liguo,et al.Comparison and analysis of two projects for high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2008,45(9):29-31.
[3]李洪春.220 k V三绕组有载调压高阻抗变压器设计[J].变压器,2009,46(5):1-6.LI Hongchun.Design of 220 k V on-load-tap-changing high impedance transformer with three windings[J].Transformer,2009,46(5):1-6.
[4]周雨.一种220 kV高阻抗变压器工程设计新方法[D].保定:华北电力大学,2013.ZHOU Yu.A new engineering design method of 220 kVhigh-impedance transformer[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[5]董景义,侯世勇.500 kV自耦变压器阻抗电压计算分析[J].变压器,2013,50(8):1-6.DONG Jingyi,HOU Shiyong.Calculation and analysis of impedance voltage value for 500 k V auto-transformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(8):1-6.
[6]武力.220 k V有载调压高阻抗变压器的设计[J].变压器,2001,38(4):6-11.WU Li.Design of 220 kV high impedance on-load tap-changing transformers[J].Transformer,2001,38(4):6-11.
[7]张亚杰,刘洪文,周连发.高阻抗变压器中内置式串联电抗器的仿真研究[J].变压器,2014.51(12):19-21.ZHANG Yajie,LIU Hongwen,ZHOU Lianfa.Simulation study on built-in series reactor in high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2014,51(12):19-21.
[8]刘东升.高阻抗变压器的结构与应用[J].变压器,2006,43(10):9-11.LIU Dongsheng.Application and structure of high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2006,43(10):9-11.
[9]LU Jiayu,YUAN Jiansheng,CHEN Li.Calculation of the short-circuit reactance of transformers by a line intrgral based on surface magnetic charges[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1998,34(5):3483-3486.
[10]邓海生,陈东风,林刚.高-低-高-调排列双绕组有载调压变压器短路阻抗计算方法分析[J].变压器,2010,47(7):1-5.DENG Haisheng,CHEN Dongfeng,LIN Gang.Analysis of calculation methods for short circuit impedance of doublewinding on-load-tap-changing transformer with arrangement of HV-LV-HV-votage regulation windings[J].Transformer,2010,47(7):1-5.
[11]王世山,李彦明,郭颖娜.“磁场-电路”耦合法计算变压器短路阻抗[J].变压器,2006,32(11):11-14.WANG Shishan,LI Yanming,GUO Yingna.Calculation of short-circuit impedance for power transformer with coupling FEM method of magnetic field and circuit[J].Transformer,2006,32(11):11-14.
[12]刘军,张安红.150 MVA/220 k V高阻抗变压器漏磁场分析[J].变压器,2005,42(9):1-7.LIUJun,ZHANGAnhong.Leakagefieldanalysisof150 MVA/220 kV high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2005,42(9):1-7.
[13]韩芳旭,李岩,孙昕.电力变压器漏磁场和短路阻抗计算[J].变压器,2010,47(10):9-12.HAN Fangxu,LI Yan,XUN Xin.Calculation of leakage magnetic field and short circuit impedance of power transformer[J].Transformer,2010,47(10):9-12.
[14]侯义明,黄英晓,张亚杰,等.高阻抗变压器的附加损耗分析及仿真应用[J].变压器,2013,50(6):1-4.HOU Yiming,HUANG Yingxiao,ZHANG Yajie,et al.Analysis and simulation of auxiliary loss of high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(6):1-4.
[15]陈新华,吉强,杨春,等.大容量高阻抗变压器中降低铁心夹件损耗方法的工程研究[J].变压器,2014,51(4):34-36.CHEN Xinhua,JI Qiang,YANG Chun,et al.Engineering research on method of reducing losses of core clamps in large power and high-impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2014,51(4):34-36.
[16]SUSNJIC L,HAZNADAR Z,VALKOVIC Z.3D fimite-element determination of stray losses in power transformer[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(10):1814-1818.
[17]耿荥林,谢德鑫,李洪友.变压器箱体涡流损耗三维有限元分析[J].变压器,2008,45(2):1-4.GENG Yinglin,XIE Dexin,LI Hongyou.3D finite element analysis of eddy current loss in transformer tank[J].Transformer,2008,45(2):1-4.
[18]PAVLIC D,JOHNSON D C,GIRGIS R S.Calculation and reduction of stray and eddy losses in core-form transformers using a highly accurate finite element modelling technique[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Deliv.,1993,8(1):239-245.
[19]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.YIN Kening.Transformer design principle[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003.
[20]EI HAYEK J.Shore-circuit reactants of multi-secondaries concentric windings transformers[C]//IEEE International Electric Machines&Drives Conference.[S.l.]:IEEE,2001:462-465.
[21]KAWASKI K,INAMI M,ISHIKAWA T.Theoretical considerations on eddy current losses in non-magnetic and magnetic pipes for power transmission systems[J].IEEETrans.on PAS,1981,100(2):474-484.83
[2]董宏林,王勇,张立国,等.高阻抗变压器两种方案比较分析[J].变压器,2008,45(9):29-31.DONG Honglin,WANG Yong,ZHANG Liguo,et al.Comparison and analysis of two projects for high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2008,45(9):29-31.
[3]李洪春.220 k V三绕组有载调压高阻抗变压器设计[J].变压器,2009,46(5):1-6.LI Hongchun.Design of 220 k V on-load-tap-changing high impedance transformer with three windings[J].Transformer,2009,46(5):1-6.
[4]周雨.一种220 kV高阻抗变压器工程设计新方法[D].保定:华北电力大学,2013.ZHOU Yu.A new engineering design method of 220 kVhigh-impedance transformer[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[5]董景义,侯世勇.500 kV自耦变压器阻抗电压计算分析[J].变压器,2013,50(8):1-6.DONG Jingyi,HOU Shiyong.Calculation and analysis of impedance voltage value for 500 k V auto-transformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(8):1-6.
[6]武力.220 k V有载调压高阻抗变压器的设计[J].变压器,2001,38(4):6-11.WU Li.Design of 220 kV high impedance on-load tap-changing transformers[J].Transformer,2001,38(4):6-11.
[7]张亚杰,刘洪文,周连发.高阻抗变压器中内置式串联电抗器的仿真研究[J].变压器,2014.51(12):19-21.ZHANG Yajie,LIU Hongwen,ZHOU Lianfa.Simulation study on built-in series reactor in high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2014,51(12):19-21.
[8]刘东升.高阻抗变压器的结构与应用[J].变压器,2006,43(10):9-11.LIU Dongsheng.Application and structure of high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2006,43(10):9-11.
[9]LU Jiayu,YUAN Jiansheng,CHEN Li.Calculation of the short-circuit reactance of transformers by a line intrgral based on surface magnetic charges[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1998,34(5):3483-3486.
[10]邓海生,陈东风,林刚.高-低-高-调排列双绕组有载调压变压器短路阻抗计算方法分析[J].变压器,2010,47(7):1-5.DENG Haisheng,CHEN Dongfeng,LIN Gang.Analysis of calculation methods for short circuit impedance of doublewinding on-load-tap-changing transformer with arrangement of HV-LV-HV-votage regulation windings[J].Transformer,2010,47(7):1-5.
[11]王世山,李彦明,郭颖娜.“磁场-电路”耦合法计算变压器短路阻抗[J].变压器,2006,32(11):11-14.WANG Shishan,LI Yanming,GUO Yingna.Calculation of short-circuit impedance for power transformer with coupling FEM method of magnetic field and circuit[J].Transformer,2006,32(11):11-14.
[12]刘军,张安红.150 MVA/220 k V高阻抗变压器漏磁场分析[J].变压器,2005,42(9):1-7.LIUJun,ZHANGAnhong.Leakagefieldanalysisof150 MVA/220 kV high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2005,42(9):1-7.
[13]韩芳旭,李岩,孙昕.电力变压器漏磁场和短路阻抗计算[J].变压器,2010,47(10):9-12.HAN Fangxu,LI Yan,XUN Xin.Calculation of leakage magnetic field and short circuit impedance of power transformer[J].Transformer,2010,47(10):9-12.
[14]侯义明,黄英晓,张亚杰,等.高阻抗变压器的附加损耗分析及仿真应用[J].变压器,2013,50(6):1-4.HOU Yiming,HUANG Yingxiao,ZHANG Yajie,et al.Analysis and simulation of auxiliary loss of high impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2013,50(6):1-4.
[15]陈新华,吉强,杨春,等.大容量高阻抗变压器中降低铁心夹件损耗方法的工程研究[J].变压器,2014,51(4):34-36.CHEN Xinhua,JI Qiang,YANG Chun,et al.Engineering research on method of reducing losses of core clamps in large power and high-impedance transformer[J].Transformer,2014,51(4):34-36.
[16]SUSNJIC L,HAZNADAR Z,VALKOVIC Z.3D fimite-element determination of stray losses in power transformer[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(10):1814-1818.
[17]耿荥林,谢德鑫,李洪友.变压器箱体涡流损耗三维有限元分析[J].变压器,2008,45(2):1-4.GENG Yinglin,XIE Dexin,LI Hongyou.3D finite element analysis of eddy current loss in transformer tank[J].Transformer,2008,45(2):1-4.
[18]PAVLIC D,JOHNSON D C,GIRGIS R S.Calculation and reduction of stray and eddy losses in core-form transformers using a highly accurate finite element modelling technique[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Deliv.,1993,8(1):239-245.
[19]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.YIN Kening.Transformer design principle[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003.
[20]EI HAYEK J.Shore-circuit reactants of multi-secondaries concentric windings transformers[C]//IEEE International Electric Machines&Drives Conference.[S.l.]:IEEE,2001:462-465.
[21]KAWASKI K,INAMI M,ISHIKAWA T.Theoretical considerations on eddy current losses in non-magnetic and magnetic pipes for power transmission systems[J].IEEETrans.on PAS,1981,100(2):474-484.83