4月龄大菱鲆苗种耐氨氮性状的遗传参数评估
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摘要
本实验采用40个家系共计954尾大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)为实验材料,应用一般动物模型评估4月龄大菱鲆的耐氨氮性状、体长、体重的遗传力和遗传相关。研究表明,4月龄大菱鲆耐氨氮性状遗传力为0.46±0.20,属于高遗传力,其估计值与0相比达到显著水平(P<0.05),具备开展基于表型性状的耐氨氮选育潜力。体长遗传力为0.14±0.22,属于低遗传力;体重遗传力为0.29±0.30,属于中等遗传力;体长和体重遗传力估计值与0相比均未达到显著水平。4月龄大菱鲆耐氨氮性状、体长、体重的相关性分析表明,大菱鲆的耐氨氮性状与体长的遗传相关和表型相关分别为-0.06±0.59和-0.10±0.06;耐氨氮性状与体重的遗传相关和表型相关分别为-0.02±0.48和-0.06±0.06;耐氨氮性状与体长和体重两个性状的相关性非常低,且统计检验均不显著。研究结果表明,以耐氨氮性状为选育指标,不会对大菱鲆的体长和体重产生显著影响。该研究为大菱鲆耐氨氮品种选育提供一定的理论参考。
The studied population consisted of 954 turbot from 40 full-sib families.The generalized animal model was applied to evaluate the heritability of and paired genetic correlation among ammonium-resistant trait,body length and body weight of 4-month-old turbot.The results showed that the heritability of ammonium-resistant trait was 0.46±0.20 belonging to high heritability,reaching significant than zero(P<0.05),thus ammonium-resistant trait may be bred through phenotype selection.The heritability of body length was 0.14±0.22 belonging to low heritability while that of body weight was 0.29±0.30 belonging to the moderate;they were not significantly different from zero.Correlation analysis showed that the genetic and phenotypic correlations between ammonium-resistant and body length were-0.06±0.59 and -0.10±0.06,respectively,while those between ammonium-resistant trait and body weight were -0.02±0.48 and -0.06±0.06,respectively,and the genetic and phenotypic correlations between the ammonium-resistant trait and two growth traits were very low,not statistically different from zero.Our findings suggested that selection breeding of ammonium-resistant trait was independent on body length and weight,thus providing a theoretical reference for breeding ammonium-resistant turbot varieties.
The studied population consisted of 954 turbot from 40 full-sib families.The generalized animal model was applied to evaluate the heritability of and paired genetic correlation among ammonium-resistant trait,body length and body weight of 4-month-old turbot.The results showed that the heritability of ammonium-resistant trait was 0.46±0.20 belonging to high heritability,reaching significant than zero(P<0.05),thus ammonium-resistant trait may be bred through phenotype selection.The heritability of body length was 0.14±0.22 belonging to low heritability while that of body weight was 0.29±0.30 belonging to the moderate;they were not significantly different from zero.Correlation analysis showed that the genetic and phenotypic correlations between ammonium-resistant and body length were-0.06±0.59 and -0.10±0.06,respectively,while those between ammonium-resistant trait and body weight were -0.02±0.48 and -0.06±0.06,respectively,and the genetic and phenotypic correlations between the ammonium-resistant trait and two growth traits were very low,not statistically different from zero.Our findings suggested that selection breeding of ammonium-resistant trait was independent on body length and weight,thus providing a theoretical reference for breeding ammonium-resistant turbot varieties.
引文
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[10]田燚,孔杰,栾生,等.中国对虾生长性状遗传参数的估计[J].渔业科学进展,2008(3):1-6.Tian Y,Kong J,Luan S,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008(3):1-6.
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[12]栾生,罗坤,阮晓红,等.凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)体重、存活性状的遗传参数和基因型与环境互作效应[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(2):445-452.Luan S,Luo K,Ruan X H,et al.Genetic parameters and genotype by environment interaction for body weight and survival of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Nannamei[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(2):445-452.
[13]罗坤,夏永涛,王斌,等.俄罗斯鲟早期生长性状遗传参数的估计[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(3):426-432.Luo K,Xia Y T,Wang B,et al.Estimates of genetic growth trait parameters during early development of Acipenser gueldenstaedtii[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(3):426-432.
[14]Butler D G,Cullis B R,Gilmour A R,et al.ASReml-R Reference Manual[M].Bribane,Australia:Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries,2009.
[15]马爱军,王新安,薛宝贵,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)选育家系的构建和培育技术研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(3):301-306.Ma A J,Wang X A,Xue B G,et al.Investigation on family construction and rearing techniques for turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)family selection[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2010,41(3):301-306.
[16]胡玉龙.大菱鲆早期性别分化及性别相关SNP位点筛选研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2014:14-16.Hu Y L.Studies on Early sex differentiation and sex-associated SNPs screening in turbots(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2014:14-16.
[17]Gilmour A R,Gogel B J,Cullis B R,et al.ASReml User Guide Release 3.0[M].Hemel Hempstead,UK:VSN International Ltd.,2009.
[18]R Core Team.R:A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing[M].Vienna,Austria:R Foundation for Statistical Computing,2014.
[19]盛志廉.数量遗传学[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:42-48.Sheng Z L.Quantitative Genetics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999:42-48.
[20]Li W,Lu X,Luan S,et al.Heritability of body weight and resistance to ammonia in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,34(5):1025-1033.
[21]郑卫卫,陈松林,李泽宇,等.牙鲆抗迟缓爱德华氏菌性状的遗传力和育种值分析[J].农业生物技术学报,2016,24(8):1181-1189.Zheng W W,Chen S L,Li Z Y,et al.Analyzing of heritability and breeding value of disease resistance for Edwardsiella tarda in Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2016,24(8):1181-1189.
[22]Argue B J,Arce S M,Lotz J M,et al.Selective breeding of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)for growth and resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus[J].Aquaculture,2002,204(3):447-460.
[23]Wang X Q,Wang Z Y,He X R.Heritability and tolerance of Larimichthys crocea to environmental factors[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2009,40(6):781-785.
[24]张庆文,孔杰,栾生,等.大菱鲆25日龄3个经济性状的遗传参数评估[J].海洋水产研究,2008,29(3):53-56.Zhang Q W,Kong J,Luan S,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for three economic traits in 25dturbot fry[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):53-56.
[25]马爱军,王新安,杨志,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性状的遗传力及其相关性分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):499-504.Ma A J,Wang X A,Yang Z,et al.The growth traits and their heritability of young turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(5):499-504.
[26]李思发,王成辉,刘志国,等.三种红鲤生长性状的杂种优势与遗传相关分析[J].水产学报,2006,30(2):175-180.Li S F,Wang C H,Liu Z G,et al.Analysis of heterosis and genetic correlation of growth traits in three variants of red common carp[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2006,30(2):175-180.
[27]马爱军,王新安.大菱鲆体重性状不同生长期的遗传分析[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(2):244-249.Ma A J,Wang X A.Genetic analyses for body weight trait in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.).at different developmental stages[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(2):244-249.
[28]于飞,张庆文,孔杰,等.大菱鲆不同进口群体杂交后代的早期生长差异[J].水产学报,2008,32(1):58-64.Yu F,Zhang Q W,Kong J,et al.Growth of the juvenile hybrids from different crossing combinations of the imported Scophthalmus maximus L.[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(1):58-64.
[29]王新安,马爱军,雷霁霖,等.大菱鲆不同家系生长性能的比较[J].海洋科学,2011(4):1-8.Wang X A,Ma A J,Lei J L,et al.Comparison of the growing performance of different families of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Marine Sciences,2011(4):1-8.
[2]国家鲆鲽类产业技术研发中心.国家鲆鲽类产业技术体系年度报告(2015)[M].青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2015:5-9.National Flatfish Industry Technology Development Center.Annual Report 2015of National Technology System for Flatfish Culture Industry[M].Qingdao:Ocean University of China Press,2015:5-9.
[3]雷霁霖.鲆鲽类养殖新形势和发展动向[J].科学养鱼,2005(1):34-35.Lei J L.The new situation and development trend of flatfish aquaculture[J].Scientific Fish Farming,2005(1):34-35.
[4]张文香,王志敏,张卫国.海水鱼类工厂化养殖的现状与发展趋势[J].水产科学,2005,24(5):50-52.Zhang W X,Wang Z M,Zhang W G.Current status and development trend of industrialized mariculture of fish[J].Fisheries Science,2005,24(5):50-52.
[5]Ruyet P L,Galland R,Roux A L,et al.Chronic ammonia toxicity in juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)[J].Aquaculture,1997,154(2):155-171.
[6]Foss A,Imsland A K,Roth B,et al.Effects of chronic and periodic exposure to ammonia on growth and blood physiology in juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)[J].Aquaculture,2009,296(s1-2):45-50.
[7]栾生,孔杰,王清印.水产动物育种值估计方法及其应用的研究进展[J].海洋水产研究,2008,29(3):101-107.Luan S,Kong J,Wang Q Y.Methods and application of aquatic animal breeding value estimation:A review[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):101-107.
[8]刘宝锁,张天时,孔杰,等.大菱鲆生长和耐高温性状的遗传参数估计[J].水产学报,2011,35(11):1601-1606.Liu B S,Zhang T S,Kong J,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for growth and upper thermal tolerance traits in turbot Scophthalmus maximus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(11):1601-1606.
[9]徐利永,王伟继,孔杰,等.不同低温养殖时长对大菱鲆生长性能及数量性状遗传力的影响[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(5):929-935.Xu L Y,Wang W J,Kong J,et al.Effect of duration of exposure to low temperature on growth of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)and heritability of cold resistance[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(5):929-935.
[10]田燚,孔杰,栾生,等.中国对虾生长性状遗传参数的估计[J].渔业科学进展,2008(3):1-6.Tian Y,Kong J,Luan S,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008(3):1-6.
[11]罗坤,孔杰,栾生,等.罗氏沼虾生长性状的遗传参数及其相关性[J].渔业科学进展,2008,29(3):80-84.Luo K,Kong J,Luan S,et al.Correlation analysis for genetic parameters of growth traits of Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):80-84.
[12]栾生,罗坤,阮晓红,等.凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)体重、存活性状的遗传参数和基因型与环境互作效应[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(2):445-452.Luan S,Luo K,Ruan X H,et al.Genetic parameters and genotype by environment interaction for body weight and survival of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Nannamei[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(2):445-452.
[13]罗坤,夏永涛,王斌,等.俄罗斯鲟早期生长性状遗传参数的估计[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(3):426-432.Luo K,Xia Y T,Wang B,et al.Estimates of genetic growth trait parameters during early development of Acipenser gueldenstaedtii[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2015,22(3):426-432.
[14]Butler D G,Cullis B R,Gilmour A R,et al.ASReml-R Reference Manual[M].Bribane,Australia:Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries,2009.
[15]马爱军,王新安,薛宝贵,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)选育家系的构建和培育技术研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(3):301-306.Ma A J,Wang X A,Xue B G,et al.Investigation on family construction and rearing techniques for turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)family selection[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2010,41(3):301-306.
[16]胡玉龙.大菱鲆早期性别分化及性别相关SNP位点筛选研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2014:14-16.Hu Y L.Studies on Early sex differentiation and sex-associated SNPs screening in turbots(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2014:14-16.
[17]Gilmour A R,Gogel B J,Cullis B R,et al.ASReml User Guide Release 3.0[M].Hemel Hempstead,UK:VSN International Ltd.,2009.
[18]R Core Team.R:A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing[M].Vienna,Austria:R Foundation for Statistical Computing,2014.
[19]盛志廉.数量遗传学[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:42-48.Sheng Z L.Quantitative Genetics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999:42-48.
[20]Li W,Lu X,Luan S,et al.Heritability of body weight and resistance to ammonia in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,34(5):1025-1033.
[21]郑卫卫,陈松林,李泽宇,等.牙鲆抗迟缓爱德华氏菌性状的遗传力和育种值分析[J].农业生物技术学报,2016,24(8):1181-1189.Zheng W W,Chen S L,Li Z Y,et al.Analyzing of heritability and breeding value of disease resistance for Edwardsiella tarda in Japanese Flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2016,24(8):1181-1189.
[22]Argue B J,Arce S M,Lotz J M,et al.Selective breeding of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)for growth and resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus[J].Aquaculture,2002,204(3):447-460.
[23]Wang X Q,Wang Z Y,He X R.Heritability and tolerance of Larimichthys crocea to environmental factors[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2009,40(6):781-785.
[24]张庆文,孔杰,栾生,等.大菱鲆25日龄3个经济性状的遗传参数评估[J].海洋水产研究,2008,29(3):53-56.Zhang Q W,Kong J,Luan S,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for three economic traits in 25dturbot fry[J].Marine Fisheries Research,2008,29(3):53-56.
[25]马爱军,王新安,杨志,等.大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性状的遗传力及其相关性分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2008,39(5):499-504.Ma A J,Wang X A,Yang Z,et al.The growth traits and their heritability of young turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2008,39(5):499-504.
[26]李思发,王成辉,刘志国,等.三种红鲤生长性状的杂种优势与遗传相关分析[J].水产学报,2006,30(2):175-180.Li S F,Wang C H,Liu Z G,et al.Analysis of heterosis and genetic correlation of growth traits in three variants of red common carp[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2006,30(2):175-180.
[27]马爱军,王新安.大菱鲆体重性状不同生长期的遗传分析[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(2):244-249.Ma A J,Wang X A.Genetic analyses for body weight trait in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.).at different developmental stages[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(2):244-249.
[28]于飞,张庆文,孔杰,等.大菱鲆不同进口群体杂交后代的早期生长差异[J].水产学报,2008,32(1):58-64.Yu F,Zhang Q W,Kong J,et al.Growth of the juvenile hybrids from different crossing combinations of the imported Scophthalmus maximus L.[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2008,32(1):58-64.
[29]王新安,马爱军,雷霁霖,等.大菱鲆不同家系生长性能的比较[J].海洋科学,2011(4):1-8.Wang X A,Ma A J,Lei J L,et al.Comparison of the growing performance of different families of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)[J].Marine Sciences,2011(4):1-8.