人际语法隐喻的发生理据和文体功能研究——以商务英语信函中的人际语法隐喻为例
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摘要
本文以商务英语信函中的人际语法隐喻为例,探讨人际语法隐喻的发生理据和文体功能。人际语法隐喻的发生受文化语境、情景语境和说话人交际意图的制约,国际商务文化语境和商务信函交际情景语境是商务英语信函文体中人际语法隐喻发生的诱因,信函作者想要传递人际"礼貌"意义、实现合作的意图是其发生的内驱力。人际语法隐喻通过在特定文体中的"失衡"分布发挥文体功能,它在商务英语信函中的"超用"是与情景语境相关的"有动因的突出",具有促使商务英语信函文体的一些词句特征和语义风格凸显的文体功能。
This paper, from functional perspective, taking interpersonal metaphor in business English letters as a case, purports to discuss the motivation and stylistic functions of interpersonal metaphor. It is argued that interpersonal metaphor is shaped by the context of culture, context of situation and speaker's goal of communication; the context of international business culture and the situation of business letter communication serve as the inducements of the occurrence of interpersonal metaphor in business English letters, and the writer's goal of conveying interpersonal "politeness" so as to achieve cooperation is the internal motivation. Interpersonal metaphor presents a stylistic function through its "deflection" in certain styles; its "overuse" in business English letters is the "motivated prominence" correlated with the context of situation, and has the stylistic function in making some of their lexical-syntactic characteristics and certain stylistic semantic features salient.
This paper, from functional perspective, taking interpersonal metaphor in business English letters as a case, purports to discuss the motivation and stylistic functions of interpersonal metaphor. It is argued that interpersonal metaphor is shaped by the context of culture, context of situation and speaker's goal of communication; the context of international business culture and the situation of business letter communication serve as the inducements of the occurrence of interpersonal metaphor in business English letters, and the writer's goal of conveying interpersonal "politeness" so as to achieve cooperation is the internal motivation. Interpersonal metaphor presents a stylistic function through its "deflection" in certain styles; its "overuse" in business English letters is the "motivated prominence" correlated with the context of situation, and has the stylistic function in making some of their lexical-syntactic characteristics and certain stylistic semantic features salient.
引文
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李雅颖赵小红.英文商务信函中的情态隐喻及其人际功能分析[J].湖北理工学院学报(人文社会科学版),2014 (3).‖Li,Y.-Y.,Zhao,X.-H.Metaphors of Modality and Its Interpersonal Functions in English Business Correspondence[J].Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University(Humanities and Social Science),2014(3).
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Halliday,M.A.K.The Language of Science[M].London/New York:Continuum/Beijing:Peking University Press,2004/2007.
Halliday,M.A.K.,Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.Construing Experience Through Meaning:A Language-based Approach to Cognition[M].London:Casssel,1999.
Halliday,M.A.K.,Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar (4th ed.)[M].London/New York:Routledge,2014.
Martin,J.R.English Text:System and Structure[M].Amsterdam:Benjamins/Beijing:Peking University Press,1992/2004.
Martin,J.R.Construing Knowledge:A Functional Linguistic Perspective[A].In:Wang,Z.-H.(Ed.),Register Studies[C].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2012a.
Martin,J.R.Language,Register and Genre[A].In:Wang,Z.-H.(Ed.),Register Studies[C].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2012b.
Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.,Halliday,M.A.K.Systemic Functional Grammar:A First Step into the Theory[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2009.
Thompson,G.Introducing Functional Grammar(2nd ed.)[M].London:Arnold/Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2004/2008.
①“范式”一词指一种由诸多概念、假设和方法构成的研究框架(杨忠林正军 2011:83-88)。
②参见网址:http://biz.yulk.org/
③参见网址:http://www.onecle.com/
黄国文王红阳.导读,见麦蒂森韩礼德.系统功能语法:理论之初探[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.‖Huang,G.-W.,Wang,H.-Y.Book Introduction,in Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.,M.A.K.Halliday.Systemic Functional Grammar:A First Step into the Theory[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2009.
李雅颖赵小红.英文商务信函中的情态隐喻及其人际功能分析[J].湖北理工学院学报(人文社会科学版),2014 (3).‖Li,Y.-Y.,Zhao,X.-H.Metaphors of Modality and Its Interpersonal Functions in English Business Correspondence[J].Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University(Humanities and Social Science),2014(3).
梁茂成李文中许家金.语料库应用教程[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2010.‖Liang,M.-C.,Li,W.-Z.,Xu,J.-J.Using Corpora:A Practical Coursebook[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2010.
林正军董晓明.语法隐喻的转喻属性[J].东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版),2017 (4).‖Lin,Z.-J.,Dong,X.-M.The Metonymic Attribute of Grammatical Metaphor[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences),2017(4).
米歇尔.国际商务文化(第三版)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2012.‖Mitchell,C.A Short Course in International Business Culture(3rd ed.)[M].Beijing:China Ren Min University Press,2012.
宋来全杨 忠.合同英语中语法隐喻的文体功能研究[J].中国外语,2018 (3).‖Song,L.-Q.,Yang,Z.A Study on the Stylistic Function of Grammatical Metaphor in Contract English[J].Foreign Languages in China,2018(3).
杨忠 林正军.功能语言学语义研究范式探析[J].中国外语,2011 (5).‖Yang,Z.,Lin,Z.-J.Exploring the Paradigm of Semantic Study in Functional Linguistics[J].Foreign Languages in China,2011(5).
张德禄.语言的功能与文体[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.‖Zhang,D.-L.The Function and Style of Language[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2005.
Black,E.Pragmatic Stylistics[M].Edinburgh:Edinburgh University Press/Beijing:World Publishing Beijing Corporation,2006/2014.
Croft,W.The Role of Domains in the Interpretation of Metaphors and Metonymies[J].Cognitive Linguistics,1993(4).
Halliday,M.A.K.The Language of Science[M].London/New York:Continuum/Beijing:Peking University Press,2004/2007.
Halliday,M.A.K.,Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.Construing Experience Through Meaning:A Language-based Approach to Cognition[M].London:Casssel,1999.
Halliday,M.A.K.,Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar (4th ed.)[M].London/New York:Routledge,2014.
Martin,J.R.English Text:System and Structure[M].Amsterdam:Benjamins/Beijing:Peking University Press,1992/2004.
Martin,J.R.Construing Knowledge:A Functional Linguistic Perspective[A].In:Wang,Z.-H.(Ed.),Register Studies[C].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2012a.
Martin,J.R.Language,Register and Genre[A].In:Wang,Z.-H.(Ed.),Register Studies[C].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2012b.
Matthiessen,C.M.I.M.,Halliday,M.A.K.Systemic Functional Grammar:A First Step into the Theory[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2009.
Thompson,G.Introducing Functional Grammar(2nd ed.)[M].London:Arnold/Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2004/2008.
①“范式”一词指一种由诸多概念、假设和方法构成的研究框架(杨忠林正军 2011:83-88)。
②参见网址:http://biz.yulk.org/
③参见网址:http://www.onecle.com/