在不同高粱及高丹草品种上高粱蚜的生物学特性及生命参数（英文）
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摘要
【目的】高粱蚜是危害高粱、苏丹草、甘蔗和高丹草重要的害虫,为了明确不同高粱属植物对高粱蚜生长发育的影响。【方法】在7个不同高粱属品种上研究了高粱蚜的生物学特性、发育历期、若虫存活率、生命参数,所选7个高粱属品种分别为;甜M81、不育系7050A、皖甜粱1号、甚迪亚、皖草3号、皖草4号和高丹D,试验在人工气候箱中进行,温度为(24±1)℃,相对湿度为(70±5)%,光周期为14L:10D。【结果】在甚迪亚上的高粱蚜的相对日均增长率最高(0.56),而饲养于不育系7050A的高粱蚜的相对日均增长率最低(0.33);在7个不同品种上的高粱蚜的发育历期范围为:5.35~9.04 d,饲养在甚迪亚、皖草4号和高丹D上的高粱的存活率均达98%,而在不育系7050A上的高粱蚜存活率最低(80%);在不同高粱及高丹草品种上的高粱蚜的生殖期之间存在显著差异,饲养于皖甜粱的高粱蚜的生殖期最长(18.03 d),饲养在不育系7050A时生殖期最短(13.59 d);在甚迪亚、皖草3号和皖草4号上的高粱蚜的内禀增长率较高,饲养于不育系7050A时内禀增长率最低。在不同的高粱属品种上的高粱蚜的净增殖率范围为57.65~90.95头/(雌·代)。【结论】皖草4号最适合高粱蚜生长发育及繁殖,不育系7050A和皖甜粱不适合高粱蚜的生长发育,而不育系7050A和皖甜粱1号则对高粱蚜表现出抗性。
Purpose]The sorghum aphid,Melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner),is a predominant pest of sorghum,sudangrass,sugarcane,Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense,it is necessary to clear the effects of growth and development of sorghum aphids on different cultivars.[Method]The biology characteristics,development times,nymphal survival rate,and life table parameters were evaluated on 7 cultivars,including Tian M81,Sterilelines7050A,Wantianliang No.1,Shendiya,Wancao No.3,Wancao No.4,and Gaodan D in the laboratory at 24℃±1℃,70%±5%relative humidity.The plant hosts were subjected to 14 hours of light and 10 hours of dark.Sorghum aphid successfully survived on all seven cultivars.[Result]The mean relative growth rate of sorghum aphid reared on the Shendiya plant was the highest(0.56),while sorghum aphid on the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1were the lowest(0.33).The developmental times to maturity ranged from 5.35 on the Shendiya to9.04 days on the Wantianliang No.1.The immature survival rates on the Shendiya,Wancao No.4,and Gaodan D were the highest(98%),while the immature survival rate on the Sterilelines7050A was the lowest(80%).The reproductive period of the sorghum aphid was also significantly different between different sorghum and the S.bicolor×S.sudanense cultivars.The longest reproductive period was observed on the Wantianliang No.1(18.03 days)and the shortest reproductive periods were observed on the Sterilelines7050A(13.59 days).There were significant differences in rm values among the population of four sorghum cultivars and three S.bicolor×S.sudanense cultivars(P<0.05).The Melanaphis sacchari reared on the Shendiya,the Wancao No.3,and the Wancao No.4 had significantly higher rm values(0.330,0.329 and 0.352).The lowest rm value was seen on the Sterilelines7050A(0.245).The Ro value of sorghum aphid on different cultivars ranged from 57.65-90.95·with significant difference among cultivars(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Wancao No.4 is suitable host plants,the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1 are unsuitable,even the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1 are resistant to sorghum aphids among the cultivars.
Purpose]The sorghum aphid,Melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner),is a predominant pest of sorghum,sudangrass,sugarcane,Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense,it is necessary to clear the effects of growth and development of sorghum aphids on different cultivars.[Method]The biology characteristics,development times,nymphal survival rate,and life table parameters were evaluated on 7 cultivars,including Tian M81,Sterilelines7050A,Wantianliang No.1,Shendiya,Wancao No.3,Wancao No.4,and Gaodan D in the laboratory at 24℃±1℃,70%±5%relative humidity.The plant hosts were subjected to 14 hours of light and 10 hours of dark.Sorghum aphid successfully survived on all seven cultivars.[Result]The mean relative growth rate of sorghum aphid reared on the Shendiya plant was the highest(0.56),while sorghum aphid on the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1were the lowest(0.33).The developmental times to maturity ranged from 5.35 on the Shendiya to9.04 days on the Wantianliang No.1.The immature survival rates on the Shendiya,Wancao No.4,and Gaodan D were the highest(98%),while the immature survival rate on the Sterilelines7050A was the lowest(80%).The reproductive period of the sorghum aphid was also significantly different between different sorghum and the S.bicolor×S.sudanense cultivars.The longest reproductive period was observed on the Wantianliang No.1(18.03 days)and the shortest reproductive periods were observed on the Sterilelines7050A(13.59 days).There were significant differences in rm values among the population of four sorghum cultivars and three S.bicolor×S.sudanense cultivars(P<0.05).The Melanaphis sacchari reared on the Shendiya,the Wancao No.3,and the Wancao No.4 had significantly higher rm values(0.330,0.329 and 0.352).The lowest rm value was seen on the Sterilelines7050A(0.245).The Ro value of sorghum aphid on different cultivars ranged from 57.65-90.95·with significant difference among cultivars(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Wancao No.4 is suitable host plants,the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1 are unsuitable,even the Sterilelines7050A and the Wantianliang No.1 are resistant to sorghum aphids among the cultivars.
引文
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[5]CHINNARAJA C,VISWANATHAN R.Quantification of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in sugarcane following transmission through aphid vector,Melanaphis sacchari[J].Virusdisease,2015,26(4):237.DOI:10.1007/s13337-015-0267-7.
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[7]BIELZA P.Insecticide resistance management strategies against the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occi-dentalis[J].Pest Management Science,2008,64:1131.DOI:10.1002/ps.1620.
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[9]MOTTAGHINIA L,RAZMJOU J,NORUI-GANBAL-ANI G,et al.Antibiosis and antixenosis of six conmmonly produced potato cultivars to the green peach aphid,Myzus Persicae Sulzer(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2011,40(3):380.DOI:10.1590/S1519-566X2011000300012.
[10]KARIMI S,FATHIPOUR Y,TALEBI A A,et al.Evaluation of canola cultivars for resistance to Helicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)using demographic parameters[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2012,105(6):2172.DOI:10.1603/EC11068.
[11]RAZMJOU J,GOLIZADEH A.Performance of corn leaf aphid,Rhopalosiphum maidis(Fitch)(Homoptera:Aphididae)on selected maize hybrids under laboratory conditions[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2010,45(2):267.DOI:10.1303/aez.2010.267.
[12]RAZMJOU J,FALLAHI A.Effects of sugar beet cultivar on development and reproductive capacity of Aphis fabae[J].Bulletin of Insectology,2009,62(2):197.
[13]POINTEAU S,AMELINE A,SALLE A,et al.Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the woolly poplar aphid(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in the bark of different poplar genotypes[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2013,106(1):473.DOI:10.1603/EC12127.
[14]AKHTAR N,ANWAR M B,JILANI G,et al.Resistance to foliage feeding aphid in wheat[J].Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences,2008,11(5):801.DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2008.801.804.
[15]TAHERI S,RAZMJOU J,RASTEGARI N.Fecundity and development rate of the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(L)(Hom:Aphididae)on six wheat cultivars[J].Plant Protection Science,2010,46(2):72.
[16]RAZMJOU J,RAMAZNI S,NASERI B,et al.Resistance and susceptibility of various wheat varieties Sitobion avenae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in Iran[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2011,46(4):455.DOI:10.1007/s13355-011-0061-y.
[17]GOLIZADEH A,ABEDI Z,BORZOUI E,et al.Susceptibility of five sugar beet cultivars to the black bean aphid,Aphis fabae scopoli(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2016,45(4):427.DOI:10.1007/s13744-016-0383-0.
[18]CHANG J H,ZHANG L,SHEN S X,et al.Correlation analysis of physical and chemical characteristics withresistance to sorghum aphid(Melanaphis sacchari)in different sorghum genotypes[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Reasources,2008,9(1):55.
[19]CALDWELL M M,FLINT S D.Stratospheric ozone reduction,solar UV-B radiation and terrestrial ecosystems[J].Climatic Change,1994,28(4):375.DOI:10.1007/BF01104080.
[20]DU J L,WU D G,ZHANG T W,et al.Effects of UV-Bradiation on biological characteristics of different color pea aphid morphs(Acyrthosiphon pisum)[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(12):1626.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.01626.
[21]DU J L,WU D G,LV N,et al.Population parameters of two pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum)color morphs at different temperatures[J].Acta Prateculturae Sinica,2015,24(11):91.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2014289.
[22]LENTEREN J C V,NOLDUS L P J J.Whitefly plant relationships:behavioural and ecological aspects[M]//GERLING D.Whiteflies:their bionomics,pest status and management.Andover:Hants,1990:47.
[23]GOLIZADEH A,JAFARI-BEHI V,RAZMJOU J,et al.Population growth parameters of rose aphid,Macrosiphum rosae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)on different rose cultivars[J].Neotropical Entomology,2017,46(1):100.DOI:10.1007/s13744-016-0428-4.
[24]ROSSA F R L,VASICEKA,LOPEZ M C.Effects of pepper(Capsicum annuum)cultivars on the biology and life table parameters of Myzus persicae(Sulz)(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2013,42(6):634.DOI:10.1007/s13744-013-0166-9.
[25]SOUTHWOOD T R E,HENDERSON P A.Ecological methods[M].3rd ed.Blackwell Science Ltd.,2000:575.DOI:10.1038/278674a0.
[26]MURAI T.Effect of temperature on development and reproduction of the onion thrips,Thrips tabaci Lindeman(Thysanoptera:Thripidae),on pollen and honey solution[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2000,35(4):499.DOI:10.1303/aez.2000.499.
[27]FATHIS A A,GHOLAMI F,NOURI-GANBALANI G,et al.Life history parameters of Thrips tabaci(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)on six commercial cultivars of canola[J].Applied Entomology&Zoology,2011,46(4):505.DOI:10.1007/s13355-011-0069-3.
[28]WU X H,ZHOU X R,PANG B P.Influence of five host plants of Aphis gossypii clover on some population parameters of Hippodamia variegate(Goeze)[J].Journal of Pest Science,2010,83(2):77.DOI:10.1007/s10340-009-0272-y.
[2]CHANG J H,DUAN X F,CUI J H,et al.Differential molecular responses of aphid-sensitive and aphid-resistant sorghum lines to aphid infestation[J].Arthropodplant Interactions,2012,6:113.DOI:10.1007/s11829-011-9159-y.
[3]BALIKAI R A.Eco-biology and management of aphid,melanaphis sacchari(Zehntner)in Rabi sorghum[J].Agricutural Reviews,2007,28(1):18.
[4]WANG F M,ZHAO S M,HAN Y H,et al.Efficient and fine mapping of RMES1 conferring resistance to sorghum aphid Melanaphis sacchari[J].Molecular Breeding,2013,31(4):777.DOI:10.1007/s11032-012-9832-6.
[5]CHINNARAJA C,VISWANATHAN R.Quantification of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in sugarcane following transmission through aphid vector,Melanaphis sacchari[J].Virusdisease,2015,26(4):237.DOI:10.1007/s13337-015-0267-7.
[6]GUO C S,CUI W,FENG X,et al.Sorghum insect problems and management[J].Journal Integrative Plant Biology,2011,53(3):178.DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.01019.x.
[7]BIELZA P.Insecticide resistance management strategies against the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occi-dentalis[J].Pest Management Science,2008,64:1131.DOI:10.1002/ps.1620.
[8]GOUZADEH A,JAFARI-BEHI V,RAZMJOU J,et al.Population growth parameters of rose aphid,Macrosiphum rosae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)on different rose cultivars[J].Neotropical Entomology,2017,46(1):100.DOI:10.1007/s13744-016-0428-4.
[9]MOTTAGHINIA L,RAZMJOU J,NORUI-GANBAL-ANI G,et al.Antibiosis and antixenosis of six conmmonly produced potato cultivars to the green peach aphid,Myzus Persicae Sulzer(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2011,40(3):380.DOI:10.1590/S1519-566X2011000300012.
[10]KARIMI S,FATHIPOUR Y,TALEBI A A,et al.Evaluation of canola cultivars for resistance to Helicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)using demographic parameters[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2012,105(6):2172.DOI:10.1603/EC11068.
[11]RAZMJOU J,GOLIZADEH A.Performance of corn leaf aphid,Rhopalosiphum maidis(Fitch)(Homoptera:Aphididae)on selected maize hybrids under laboratory conditions[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2010,45(2):267.DOI:10.1303/aez.2010.267.
[12]RAZMJOU J,FALLAHI A.Effects of sugar beet cultivar on development and reproductive capacity of Aphis fabae[J].Bulletin of Insectology,2009,62(2):197.
[13]POINTEAU S,AMELINE A,SALLE A,et al.Characterization of antibiosis and antixenosis to the woolly poplar aphid(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in the bark of different poplar genotypes[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2013,106(1):473.DOI:10.1603/EC12127.
[14]AKHTAR N,ANWAR M B,JILANI G,et al.Resistance to foliage feeding aphid in wheat[J].Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences,2008,11(5):801.DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2008.801.804.
[15]TAHERI S,RAZMJOU J,RASTEGARI N.Fecundity and development rate of the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi(L)(Hom:Aphididae)on six wheat cultivars[J].Plant Protection Science,2010,46(2):72.
[16]RAZMJOU J,RAMAZNI S,NASERI B,et al.Resistance and susceptibility of various wheat varieties Sitobion avenae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in Iran[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2011,46(4):455.DOI:10.1007/s13355-011-0061-y.
[17]GOLIZADEH A,ABEDI Z,BORZOUI E,et al.Susceptibility of five sugar beet cultivars to the black bean aphid,Aphis fabae scopoli(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2016,45(4):427.DOI:10.1007/s13744-016-0383-0.
[18]CHANG J H,ZHANG L,SHEN S X,et al.Correlation analysis of physical and chemical characteristics withresistance to sorghum aphid(Melanaphis sacchari)in different sorghum genotypes[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Reasources,2008,9(1):55.
[19]CALDWELL M M,FLINT S D.Stratospheric ozone reduction,solar UV-B radiation and terrestrial ecosystems[J].Climatic Change,1994,28(4):375.DOI:10.1007/BF01104080.
[20]DU J L,WU D G,ZHANG T W,et al.Effects of UV-Bradiation on biological characteristics of different color pea aphid morphs(Acyrthosiphon pisum)[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(12):1626.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2012.01626.
[21]DU J L,WU D G,LV N,et al.Population parameters of two pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum)color morphs at different temperatures[J].Acta Prateculturae Sinica,2015,24(11):91.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2014289.
[22]LENTEREN J C V,NOLDUS L P J J.Whitefly plant relationships:behavioural and ecological aspects[M]//GERLING D.Whiteflies:their bionomics,pest status and management.Andover:Hants,1990:47.
[23]GOLIZADEH A,JAFARI-BEHI V,RAZMJOU J,et al.Population growth parameters of rose aphid,Macrosiphum rosae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)on different rose cultivars[J].Neotropical Entomology,2017,46(1):100.DOI:10.1007/s13744-016-0428-4.
[24]ROSSA F R L,VASICEKA,LOPEZ M C.Effects of pepper(Capsicum annuum)cultivars on the biology and life table parameters of Myzus persicae(Sulz)(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Neotropical Entomology,2013,42(6):634.DOI:10.1007/s13744-013-0166-9.
[25]SOUTHWOOD T R E,HENDERSON P A.Ecological methods[M].3rd ed.Blackwell Science Ltd.,2000:575.DOI:10.1038/278674a0.
[26]MURAI T.Effect of temperature on development and reproduction of the onion thrips,Thrips tabaci Lindeman(Thysanoptera:Thripidae),on pollen and honey solution[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2000,35(4):499.DOI:10.1303/aez.2000.499.
[27]FATHIS A A,GHOLAMI F,NOURI-GANBALANI G,et al.Life history parameters of Thrips tabaci(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)on six commercial cultivars of canola[J].Applied Entomology&Zoology,2011,46(4):505.DOI:10.1007/s13355-011-0069-3.
[28]WU X H,ZHOU X R,PANG B P.Influence of five host plants of Aphis gossypii clover on some population parameters of Hippodamia variegate(Goeze)[J].Journal of Pest Science,2010,83(2):77.DOI:10.1007/s10340-009-0272-y.