生态脆弱区生物多样性保护安全格局研究——以吉林省大安市为例
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摘要
以位于吉林省西部典型生态脆弱区的大安市为研究区域,运用MCR模型构建最小累积阻力面,并提取生态廊道和节点,从而分析和判别吉林省大安市的生物多样性保护空间安全格局。结果表明:①研究区范围内共提取生态廊道56条,总长度为165. 77km,生态节点53个。从空间分布上看,研究区北部生态廊道和节点数量相对较少,南部分布集中。②不同安全水平区具有一定的空间差异性,低安全水平区为2255. 59km~2,占研究区总面积的46. 23%;较低安全水平区为1287. 35km~2,占研究区总面积的26. 39%;中等安全水平区和高等安全水平区分别为959. 15km~2和376. 82km~2,这两类区域分别占研究区总面积的19. 66%和7. 72%。③合理安排人类生产活动,优化区域生态廊道网络连接,对维护区域生态安全、缓解生态环境压力具有重要的作用。
Based on the study of Da'an City located in a typical ecologically fragile region in western Jilin Province,the MCR model was used to build the minimum cumulative resistance surface and extract ecological corridors and ecological nodes,then analyzed and identified the spatial security pattern of biodiversity conservation in Da'an City. The results showed that:①A total of 56 ecological corridors with the total length of 165. 77 km and 53 ecological nodes were extracted within the study area. From the perspective of spatial distribution,the number of ecological corridors and nodes in the northern part of the study area was relatively small,while the distribution was concentrated in the southern part.②There were great differences in spatial distribution of different security levels. The low security level zone was 2255. 59 km~2,accounting for 46. 23% of the total area,the lower security area was 1287. 35 km~2,it occupied 26. 39% of the total area,the moderate security level area and the high security level area were 959. 15 km~2 and 376. 82 km~2 respectively,accounting for 19.66% and 7. 72% of the total area.③Reasonable arrangement of human production activities and optimization of regional ecological corridor network connection were particularly important to maintain regional ecological security and relieve ecological environment pressure.
Based on the study of Da'an City located in a typical ecologically fragile region in western Jilin Province,the MCR model was used to build the minimum cumulative resistance surface and extract ecological corridors and ecological nodes,then analyzed and identified the spatial security pattern of biodiversity conservation in Da'an City. The results showed that:①A total of 56 ecological corridors with the total length of 165. 77 km and 53 ecological nodes were extracted within the study area. From the perspective of spatial distribution,the number of ecological corridors and nodes in the northern part of the study area was relatively small,while the distribution was concentrated in the southern part.②There were great differences in spatial distribution of different security levels. The low security level zone was 2255. 59 km~2,accounting for 46. 23% of the total area,the lower security area was 1287. 35 km~2,it occupied 26. 39% of the total area,the moderate security level area and the high security level area were 959. 15 km~2 and 376. 82 km~2 respectively,accounting for 19.66% and 7. 72% of the total area.③Reasonable arrangement of human production activities and optimization of regional ecological corridor network connection were particularly important to maintain regional ecological security and relieve ecological environment pressure.
引文
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[2]Ran Sheng-hong,Jin Jian-jun. Evolvement and Control of Vulnerable Ecological Region——A Case Study in Ongniud Banner and Aohan Banner,Inner Mongolia[J]. Chinese Geographical Science,2004,14(2)∶135-141.
[3]马克明,傅伯杰,黎晓亚,等.区域生态安全格局:概念与理论基础[J].生态学报,2004,24(4)∶763-768.
[4]彭建,李慧蕾,李焱序,等.雄安新区生态安全格局识别与优化策略[J].地理学报,2018,73(4)∶701-710.
[5]陈昕,彭建,刘焱序,等.基于“重要性—敏感性—连通性”框架的云浮市生态安全格局构建[J].地理研究,2017,36(3)∶471-484.
[6]魏强,佟连军,杨丽花,等.三江平原湿地生态系统生物多样性保护价值[J].生态学报,2015,35(4)∶935-943.
[7]李若愚,侯明明,魏艳,等.云南省生物多样性与生态安全形势研究[J].资源开发与市场,2007,23(5)∶442-446.
[8]高东,何霞红.生物多样性与生态系统稳定性研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(12)∶2507-2513.
[9]俞孔坚.生物保护的景观生态安全格局[J].生态学报,1999,19(1)∶8-15.
[10]张玉虎,于长青,塔西普拉提·特依拜,等.风景区生态安全格局构建方法研究——以北京妙峰山风景区为例[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(3)∶420-424.
[11]刘吉平,吕宪国,杨青,等.三江平原东北部湿地生态安全格局设计[J].生态学报,2009,29(3)∶1083-1090.
[12]Zhao X Q,Xu X H. Research on Landscape Ecological Security Pattern in a Eucalyptus Introduced Region Based on Biodiversity Conservation[J]. Russian Journal of Ecology,2015,46(1)∶59-70.
[13]曲艺,陆明.生物多样性保护视角下的城市生态安全格局构建研究[J].城市发展研究,2017,24(4)∶10-13.
[14]张汉雄,邵明安,张兴昌.东北农牧交错带生态环境恢复与持续发展战略[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(1)∶129-133.
[15]陈利项,傅伯杰,赵文武.“源”“汇”景观理论及生态学意义[J].生态学报,2006,26(5)∶1444-1449.
[16]吴建生,张理卿,彭建,等.深圳市景观生态安全格局源地综合识别[J].生态学报,2013,33(13)∶4125-4133.
[17]李晖,易娜,姚文王景,等.基于景观安全格局的香格里拉县生态用地规划[J].生态学报,2011,31(20)∶5928-5936.
[18]彭建,贾靖雷,胡熠娜,等.基于地表湿润指数的农牧交错带地区生态安全格局构建——以内蒙古自治区杭锦旗为例[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(6)∶1990-1998.
[19]魏聪礼,张建军,程明芳,等.基于最小阻力模型的武安市景观安全格局研究[J].资源开发与市场,2017,33(19)∶1417-1422.
[20]Sun Danfeng,Dawson Richard,Li Hong,et al. A Landscape Connectivity Index for Assessing Desertification:A Case Study of Minqin County,China[J]. Landscape Ecology,2007,22(4)∶531-543.
[21]Peng Jian,Pan Yajing,Liu Yanxu,et al. Linking Ecological Degradation Risk to Identify Ecological Security Patterns in a Rapidly Urbanizing Landscape[J]. Habitat International,2018,71(1)∶110-124.
[22]Knaapen J P,Scheffer M,Harms B. Estimating Habitat Isolation in Landscape[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning,1992,23(1)∶1-16.
[23]邬建国.景观生态学——格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[24]姜明,武海涛,吕宪国,等.湿地生态廊道设计的理论、模式及实践——以三江平原浓江河湿地生态廊道为例[J].湿地科学,2009,7(2)∶99-105.
[25]张远景,俞滨洋.城市生态网络空间评价及其格局优化[J].生态学报,2016,36(21)∶6969-6984.
[26]王洪新,路建国,张利,等.基于生物多样性保护的曹妃甸新区城镇用地规划研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(6)∶296-301.
[27]胡望舒,王思思,李迪华.基于焦点物种的北京市生物保护安全格局规划[J].生态学报,2010,30(16)∶4266-4276.
[28]王让虎,李晓燕,张树文,等.东北农牧交错带景观生态安全格局构建及预警研究——以吉林省通榆县为例[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(2)∶111-115.