考虑降雨空间分布的地貌瞬时单位线汇流模型探究与应用
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摘要
降雨空间分布的不均匀性对洪水预报精度有着重要的影响,提出基于数字高程模型和降雨空间分布规律的地貌瞬时单位线汇流计算方法,进一步补充地貌瞬时单位线汇流理论。选取横山水库流域作为研究对象,利用DEM数据提取流域地形地貌特征,结合历史洪水期间的降雨空间分布律计算得到地貌瞬时单位线。选取2013年~2015年期间3场典型洪水进行模拟验证,结果表明考虑降雨空间分布的地貌瞬时单位线洪水模拟效果良好,优于传统地貌瞬时单位线。
The inhomogeneity of rainfall spatial distribution has an important impact on the accuracy of flood forecasting. A calculation method of geomorphic instantaneous unit hydrograph( GIUH) based on digital elevation model and rainfall spatial distribution is proposed as a further supplement to the theory of GIUH. Selecting Hengshan Reservoir Basin as research object,the watershed topographic features is extracted from DEM, and the GIUH combined with rainfall spatial distribution during historical floods is calculated. Three typical floods during 2013-2015 are selected for model simulation and verification. The results show that the simulation accuracy of GIUH which considers rainfall spatial distribution is better than that of traditional GIUH method.
The inhomogeneity of rainfall spatial distribution has an important impact on the accuracy of flood forecasting. A calculation method of geomorphic instantaneous unit hydrograph( GIUH) based on digital elevation model and rainfall spatial distribution is proposed as a further supplement to the theory of GIUH. Selecting Hengshan Reservoir Basin as research object,the watershed topographic features is extracted from DEM, and the GIUH combined with rainfall spatial distribution during historical floods is calculated. Three typical floods during 2013-2015 are selected for model simulation and verification. The results show that the simulation accuracy of GIUH which considers rainfall spatial distribution is better than that of traditional GIUH method.
引文
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[2]RODRiGUEZ-ITURBE I,VALDES J B.The geomorphologic structure of hydrologic response[J].Water Resources Research,1979,15(6):1409-1420.
[3]GUPTA V K,WAYMIRE E,WANG C T.A representation of an instantaneous unit hydrograph from geomorphology[J].Water Resources Research,1980,16(5):855-862.
[4]芮孝芳.由流路长度分布律和坡度分布律确定地貌瞬时单位线[J].水科学进展,2003,14(5):602-606.
[5]张珂,郭毅,李致家,等.基于DEM的流域信息提取方法及应用实例[J].水力发电,2005,31(2):18-21.
[6]熊立华,彭定志.基于数字高程模型的等流时线推求与应用[J].武汉大学学报:工学版,2003,36(3):1-3.
[7]郭卫国,陈喜,张润润.基于降雨分布不均匀性的空间插值方法适用性研究[J].水力发电,2016,42(6):14-17.
[8]姚成,孙如飞,李致家.下垫面变化条件下合河流域设计洪水修订[J].水力发电,2015,41(4):9-13.
[9]包为民.水文预报[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[2]RODRiGUEZ-ITURBE I,VALDES J B.The geomorphologic structure of hydrologic response[J].Water Resources Research,1979,15(6):1409-1420.
[3]GUPTA V K,WAYMIRE E,WANG C T.A representation of an instantaneous unit hydrograph from geomorphology[J].Water Resources Research,1980,16(5):855-862.
[4]芮孝芳.由流路长度分布律和坡度分布律确定地貌瞬时单位线[J].水科学进展,2003,14(5):602-606.
[5]张珂,郭毅,李致家,等.基于DEM的流域信息提取方法及应用实例[J].水力发电,2005,31(2):18-21.
[6]熊立华,彭定志.基于数字高程模型的等流时线推求与应用[J].武汉大学学报:工学版,2003,36(3):1-3.
[7]郭卫国,陈喜,张润润.基于降雨分布不均匀性的空间插值方法适用性研究[J].水力发电,2016,42(6):14-17.
[8]姚成,孙如飞,李致家.下垫面变化条件下合河流域设计洪水修订[J].水力发电,2015,41(4):9-13.
[9]包为民.水文预报[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.