分级击打式山核桃破壳机的设计
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摘要
针对目前我国山核桃破壳机适用机型少、大部分地区山核桃破壳仍以手工为主的破壳方式的现状,设计并试制了一种自分级击打式山核桃破壳机。首先对山核桃的力学性能进行了分析,然后设计了分级机构和击打机构。同时,对关键的零部件进行有限元仿真分析,并通过试验验证。结果表明:样机的破壳率在99.24%左右,果仁损伤率在6.47%左右。击打式山核桃破壳机破壳率高,果仁损伤率在合理区间,是一种新型高效的山核桃破壳机械。
In view of the low application of the hickory shelling machine in China,the current situation of the hickory shell breaking in most areas is still by hand. A kind of striking pecan shelling machine was designed and trial-produced.This article first analyzed the mechanical properties of pecan,and then designed the grading mechanism and shell breaking mechanism. The key components were subjected to finite element simulation analysis and verified by experiments. The shell-breaking rate of the prototype was about 99. 24%,and the damage rate of the nuts was about 6. 47%. The tests showed that the broken shell rate of the hit-type hickory crusher was high. The damage rate of nuts is in a reasonable range,which is a new type of high-efficiency pecan shelling machinery.
In view of the low application of the hickory shelling machine in China,the current situation of the hickory shell breaking in most areas is still by hand. A kind of striking pecan shelling machine was designed and trial-produced.This article first analyzed the mechanical properties of pecan,and then designed the grading mechanism and shell breaking mechanism. The key components were subjected to finite element simulation analysis and verified by experiments. The shell-breaking rate of the prototype was about 99. 24%,and the damage rate of the nuts was about 6. 47%. The tests showed that the broken shell rate of the hit-type hickory crusher was high. The damage rate of nuts is in a reasonable range,which is a new type of high-efficiency pecan shelling machinery.
引文
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[10]曹成茂,蒋兰,吴崇友,等.山核桃破壳机加载锤头设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(10):307-315.
[11]闫群,朱福才,徐淑琴.第三与第四强度理论值差异的探讨[J].农机化研究,2003(3):83-84.
[2]朱德泉,曹成茂,方家文,等.6HS-6型山核桃破壳机的实验研究[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(11):304-306,346.
[3]洪翎,曹成茂,毕如俊,等.手剥山核桃破壳机的设计与试验[J].包装与食品机械,2009,27(6):31-34.
[4]闫茹,赵奎鹏,郑甲红,等.挤压式核桃破壳机参数优化试验[J].农机化研究,2016,38(6):219-224.
[5]曹成茂,朱德泉,江家伍,等.手剥山核桃破壳机的设计与研究[J].农机化研究,2011,33(11):114-117.
[6] Ojolo S J,Damisa O,Orisaleye J I,et al.Design and development of cashew nut shelling machine[J].Journal of Engineering,Design and Technology,2010,8(2):146-157.
[7]丁冉,曹成茂,詹超,等.仿生敲击式山核桃破壳机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(3):257-264.
[8] Oluwole F A,Aviara N A,Haque M A. Development and performance tests of a sheanut cracker[J]. Journal of Food Engineering,2004,65(1):117-123.
[9]董诗韩,史建新.多辊挤压式核桃破壳机的设计与试验[J].新疆农业大学学报,2011,34(1):62-65.
[10]曹成茂,蒋兰,吴崇友,等.山核桃破壳机加载锤头设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(10):307-315.
[11]闫群,朱福才,徐淑琴.第三与第四强度理论值差异的探讨[J].农机化研究,2003(3):83-84.