水基阳离子含浸聚氨酯对超纤合成革染色的影响
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摘要
针对水性超纤基布染色不匀的问题,基于聚氧乙烯醚类匀染剂的分子结构及作用机理,并结合阳离子水性聚氨酯在超纤基布含浸中的优点,合成了一系列阳离子基团含量和匀染组分不同的阳离子水性聚氨酯,并通过动态热机械分析(DMA),差示量热扫描分析(DSC)等对其膜性能进行了表征。随后,将该水性聚氨酯应用于超纤无纺布的含浸、碱减量及染色中,对基布的减量率、厚度、柔软度、染色深度、匀染性及色牢度等进行了测定与分析。结果表明,水性聚氨酯膜在使用温度区间内具有柔软与回弹性好、不产生结晶的特性。树脂中阳离子基团的引入可提高染色深度,而聚氧乙烯醚链段的引入起到了匀染的作用,随着聚氧乙烯醚组分的增加或阳离子组分的降低,其染色均匀性更加明显。以侧链型非离子二元醇(Ymer N120)为匀染亲水组分,且当其质量分数为10%,阳离子MDEA为4%时,所制得超纤基布综合性能最好,表现出优良的匀染性和耐干湿摩擦牢度。
On the basis of structure and mechanism of polyoxyethylene ether leveling agent and advantages of cationic waterborne polyurethane(CPU) for impregnating microfiber synthetic leather base,a series of cationic waterborne polyurethane with different polyoxyethylene ether components as well as cationic group contents are prepared to overcome the problem of uneven dyeing of the waterborne microfiber synthetic leather base.The properties of the CPU films are investigated by the dynamic thermal mechanical analysis(DMA) and differential scanning calorimeter(DSC).The application characteristics of impregnated microfiber synthetic leather base,including the alkali weight-reduction ratio,thickness,softness,color intensity,levelness and color fastness of the base are also investigated.The results show that the CPU films are soft,elastic and non-crystallization in a range of operation temperature.Introduction of cationic component can improve the color intensity and polyoxyethylene ether components contributing to the level-dyeing effect.In addition,the dyeing uniformity can be obviously enhanced with the increase of polyoxyethylene ether content or decrease of cationic group,when the content of Ymer N120(polyoxyethylene ethers component) is 10%and MDEA(cationic component) is 4%,the comprehensive performance,especially the levelness and color fastness of microfiber synthetic leather base are acceptable.
On the basis of structure and mechanism of polyoxyethylene ether leveling agent and advantages of cationic waterborne polyurethane(CPU) for impregnating microfiber synthetic leather base,a series of cationic waterborne polyurethane with different polyoxyethylene ether components as well as cationic group contents are prepared to overcome the problem of uneven dyeing of the waterborne microfiber synthetic leather base.The properties of the CPU films are investigated by the dynamic thermal mechanical analysis(DMA) and differential scanning calorimeter(DSC).The application characteristics of impregnated microfiber synthetic leather base,including the alkali weight-reduction ratio,thickness,softness,color intensity,levelness and color fastness of the base are also investigated.The results show that the CPU films are soft,elastic and non-crystallization in a range of operation temperature.Introduction of cationic component can improve the color intensity and polyoxyethylene ether components contributing to the level-dyeing effect.In addition,the dyeing uniformity can be obviously enhanced with the increase of polyoxyethylene ether content or decrease of cationic group,when the content of Ymer N120(polyoxyethylene ethers component) is 10%and MDEA(cationic component) is 4%,the comprehensive performance,especially the levelness and color fastness of microfiber synthetic leather base are acceptable.
引文
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[21]李超.宋庆双,郑庆康.匀染剂对锦纶染色热力学、动力学参数的影响[J].针织工业.2016(7):46-49.
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[23]薛朝华,俞从正,张向阳.电脑测色配色系统在皮革染色中的应用[J].皮革科学与工程,2003(6):26-29.
[24]张晓镭,高富堂,曲建波,等.超细纤维合成革玻璃化温度影响因素的探讨[J].中国皮革,2005,(7):29-31.
[2]张大省.赵永霞.国内外超细纤维合成革的发展现状及展望[J].纺织导报,2009(8):75-80.
[3]合成革与人造革工业污染物排放标准,GB21902-2008[S].
[4]许戈文.水性聚氨酯[M].化学工业出版社,北京,2006,12:5-9.
[5]何叶丽译.产业用纺织品的涂层和复合技术[J].印染,2016,42(19):55-56.
[6]徐成书,田呈呈,邢建伟.水性聚氨酯的改性研究进展[J].印染,2014,40(1):52-54.
[7]曲建波.合成革工艺学[M].化学工业出版社,北京,2010,3:128-134.
[8]何淑霞.胡国棵,李霞.PA6/PE海岛型复合超细纤维的开纤工艺研究[J].现代纺织技术.2016(2):4-7.
[9]郭生伟,袁继新,兰云军.等.海岛型锦纶超细纤维PU合成革的染色[J].印染,22006,32(16):17-20.
[10]范浩军.颜俊,陈意,等.基于阳离子水性聚氨酯的节水型超细纤维合成革基布的含浸方法[P].中国专利:CN105178055A.2015.12.23.
[11]宋兵,钱晓明,严姣.超细纤维合成革的染色性能及研究进展[J].中国皮革,2015(1):24-27.
[12]刘雁雁,董瑛,朱平.海岛超细纤维特点及其应用[J].纺织科技进展,2008(1):37-39.
[13]Jinqiu Xiao,Shufen Zhang,Jinzong Yang,et al.Study on chemical bonding of Polvcarboxvlic acid Black on cotton and its dyeing and finishing properties[J].Dves and Pigments.2007,73(1):111-117.
[14]T.Hori,A.Kongdee.Dyeing of PET/co-PP composite fibers using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Dyes and Pigments,2014,105(6):163-166.
[15]Ruowang Liu.Yi Chen,Haojun Fan.Design,characterization,dyeing properties,and application of acid-dyeable polyurethane in the manufacture of niicrofiber synthetic leather[J].Fibers and Polymers,2015,16(9):1970.
[16]王静静,赵涛.阳离子水性聚氨酯的合成及其在染整中的应用[J].聚氨酯工业,2013(2):23-26.
[17]崔璐,强西怀,李玉.等.聚氨酯皮革固色剂的应用性能研究[J].皮革科学与工程,2016(6):29-33.
[18]童蓉.孙静.皮革染色助剂的发展现状与展望[J].皮革科学与工程.2010(2):35-38.
[19]罗巨涛,徐璀,金妙英,等.匀染剂对聚酯超细纤维染色性能的研究[J].印染.2003,29(10):5-8.
[20]朱健明,于成龙,蒋月亚,等.海岛型超细纤维仿皮面料的染整[J].印染,2005,3I(7):3I-33.
[21]李超.宋庆双,郑庆康.匀染剂对锦纶染色热力学、动力学参数的影响[J].针织工业.2016(7):46-49.
[22]李昊男,王树根.新型腰果酚基高温匀染剂的染色性能研究[J].印染助剂,2016(9):41-44.
[23]薛朝华,俞从正,张向阳.电脑测色配色系统在皮革染色中的应用[J].皮革科学与工程,2003(6):26-29.
[24]张晓镭,高富堂,曲建波,等.超细纤维合成革玻璃化温度影响因素的探讨[J].中国皮革,2005,(7):29-31.