2014年北京市朝阳区社区老年人跌倒现状及危险因素研究
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摘要
目的了解北京市朝阳区社区老年人跌倒的发生特点,分析影响跌倒的危险因素,为老年人预防跌倒工作提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机的方法在朝阳区抽取平房社区和楼房社区各10个,在每个社区招募符合条件的60岁及以上老年人并进行问卷调查。结果朝阳区社区老年人跌倒发生率为13.1%,男性是跌倒的保护因素(OR=0.682)。70～79岁(OR=1.508)、神经系统疾病(OR=1.961)、眩晕症(OR=1.517)、服用神经松弛剂(OR=2.741)、躯体感觉下降(OR=1.790～3.989)和心情不佳(OR=1.129)是跌倒的危险因素。结论预防老年人跌倒除减少家居危险因素,还应重点干预有神经系统疾病、眩晕症的老人,尤其是老年女性,同时要关注老人的心理健康。
Objective To understand the characteristics and patterns of falls among the elderly people in Chaoyang district, analyze the related risk factors and provide reference for preventing the elderly from falling. Methods Stratified cluster random method was used to select 10 bungalow communities and 10 high-rise communities in Chaoyang district. Qualified elderly aged 60 years old and above in each community were recruited and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Results One-year incidence rate of falls among the elderly was 13.1%. Male(OR=0.682)was a protective factor for falls,70-79 years old(OR=1.508), nervous system disease(OR=1.961), vertigo(OR=1.517), taking nerve relaxant(OR=2.741), somatosensory decline(OR=1.790-3.989), bad mood(OR=1.129)were risk factors of falls. Conclusions In addition to reducing household risk factors, prevention of falls in the elderly should focus on the intervention in the elderly with neurological diseases, vertigo and pay attention to their mental health, especially for elderly women.
Objective To understand the characteristics and patterns of falls among the elderly people in Chaoyang district, analyze the related risk factors and provide reference for preventing the elderly from falling. Methods Stratified cluster random method was used to select 10 bungalow communities and 10 high-rise communities in Chaoyang district. Qualified elderly aged 60 years old and above in each community were recruited and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Results One-year incidence rate of falls among the elderly was 13.1%. Male(OR=0.682)was a protective factor for falls,70-79 years old(OR=1.508), nervous system disease(OR=1.961), vertigo(OR=1.517), taking nerve relaxant(OR=2.741), somatosensory decline(OR=1.790-3.989), bad mood(OR=1.129)were risk factors of falls. Conclusions In addition to reducing household risk factors, prevention of falls in the elderly should focus on the intervention in the elderly with neurological diseases, vertigo and pay attention to their mental health, especially for elderly women.
引文
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[11] 耳玉亮,段蕾蕾,叶鹏鹏,等.2014年全国伤害监测系统老年跌倒/坠落病例特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(1):24-28.
[12] 夏庆华,姜玉.老年人跌倒居家危险因素干预效果及需求研究[J].中国健康教育,2010,26(8):607-608,611.
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[14] 邱峰.躯体感觉改变对帕金森病人体位平衡影响的初步研究[C].厦门:中华医学会第十七次全国神经病学学术会议论文汇编(上),2014:313-314.
[15] 曾祥丽,岑锦添,黎志成,等.眩晕症患者跌倒发作的病因分析[J].中华耳科学杂志,2016,14(4):504-507.
[2] LAME S E,ELLEN C,JORSTAD S,et al.Development of a common outcome data set for fall injury prevention trials:the Prevention of Falls Network Europe consensus[J].J Am Geriatr Soc,2005,53(9):5-9.
[3] 高茂龙,宋岳涛.中国老年人跌倒发生率meta分析[J].北京医学,2014,7(10):796-798.
[4] 冀艳虎,李丽萍,陈文涛.北京市社区老年人跌倒发生现况及危险因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(1):22-24.
[5] 周白瑜,石婧,于普林.北京市社区老年人跌倒情况及其后果的相关因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2013,34(8):778-781.
[6] 徐伟,万秋萍.上海市闸北区社区独居老人居家致跌环境调查[J].职业与健康,2012,28(1):54-55.
[7] 田帆,邱培媛,熊海,等.成都市社区老年人跌倒发生现况及影响因素研究[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(23):4276-4280,4300.
[8] 覃朝晖,于普林.老年人跌倒与药物关系的研究[J].中国老年学杂志,2009,29(23):3099-3101.
[9] 李林涛,王声湧.老年跌倒的疾病负担与危险因素[J].中华流行病学杂志,2001,22(4):262-264.
[10] 朱琦,姜玉,周鹏,等.养老机构老年跌倒研究进展[J].伤害医学(电子版),2017,6(3):52-58.
[11] 耳玉亮,段蕾蕾,叶鹏鹏,等.2014年全国伤害监测系统老年跌倒/坠落病例特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(1):24-28.
[12] 夏庆华,姜玉.老年人跌倒居家危险因素干预效果及需求研究[J].中国健康教育,2010,26(8):607-608,611.
[13] 江皋轩,崔梅,李明秋,等.影响养老机构安全因素及对策[J].当代医学,2012,18(15):159-160.
[14] 邱峰.躯体感觉改变对帕金森病人体位平衡影响的初步研究[C].厦门:中华医学会第十七次全国神经病学学术会议论文汇编(上),2014:313-314.
[15] 曾祥丽,岑锦添,黎志成,等.眩晕症患者跌倒发作的病因分析[J].中华耳科学杂志,2016,14(4):504-507.