大丰麋鹿种群复壮制约因素和发展策略探讨
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摘要
麋鹿是国家一级重点保护动物。江苏大丰引进麋鹿种群在壮大和发展的30年中,在黄海之滨建立了首个麋鹿野生种群。由于圈养麋鹿种群密度过大,引起生境恶化、食源短缺、寄生虫寄生和疾病传染等制约大丰麋鹿发展的问题。笔者从有效降低麋鹿密度的角度出发,建议采取麋鹿栖息地生境恢复与改造、确保饮用水清洁安全、增加自然食物、采取人工补饲、防治寄生虫及其它疾病、实施血统交换等措施,以保证大丰麋鹿种群质量和增加遗传基因的多样性,进而为麋鹿群的健康繁衍与可持续发展提供帮助。
Milu is the first-class national protected species. Jiangsu Da Feng reintroduced the Milu population growth and development.Within the 30 years, the first wild population of Milu was established in the Coast of the Yellow Sea. Due to captive population, the Milu density is too large causing habitat deterioration, food shortage, parasitism and infectious diseases, etc. Restricting the development issues of Da Feng Milu. The point of view of this article is to proceed from effectively reducing the density of Milu. Proposing for Milu habitat restoration and reconstruction. To ensure the safety of drinking water, increase in natural food, artificial supplementary feeding, prevention and treatment for parasites and other diseases, and ancestry exchange methods, etc. In order to ensure Da Feng Milu,s population quality and the increase of genetic diversity. Providing practical countermeasures for healthy reproduction and sustainable development of the Milu population.
Milu is the first-class national protected species. Jiangsu Da Feng reintroduced the Milu population growth and development.Within the 30 years, the first wild population of Milu was established in the Coast of the Yellow Sea. Due to captive population, the Milu density is too large causing habitat deterioration, food shortage, parasitism and infectious diseases, etc. Restricting the development issues of Da Feng Milu. The point of view of this article is to proceed from effectively reducing the density of Milu. Proposing for Milu habitat restoration and reconstruction. To ensure the safety of drinking water, increase in natural food, artificial supplementary feeding, prevention and treatment for parasites and other diseases, and ancestry exchange methods, etc. In order to ensure Da Feng Milu,s population quality and the increase of genetic diversity. Providing practical countermeasures for healthy reproduction and sustainable development of the Milu population.
引文
[1]蒋志刚,丁玉华主编.大丰麋鹿与生物多样性[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
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[8]孙大明,王桂宏,徐绍良,等.仔鹿大肠杆菌病[J].畜牧与兽医,1993,25(3):126.
[9]钟震宇,李鹏飞,王桂忠,等.麋鹿与生物多样性保护国际研讨会论文集[C].麋鹿疫病流行概况与防控对策,北京:北京科技出版社,2015:148-155.
[10]蒋志刚,张林源,杨绒生,等.中国麋鹿种群密度制约现象与发展策略[J].动物学报,2001,47(1):53-58.
[11]徐安宏,丁玉华,刘彬,等.浅谈野生动物类型自然保护区能力建设[J].野生动物,2013(6):374-378.
[12]李春旺,蒋志刚,曾岩.雄性麋鹿的吼叫行为、序列等级与成功繁殖[J].动物学研究,2001,22(6):449-453.
[13]曹克清.麋鹿研究[M].上海:上海科技出版社,2005.
[2]曹克清,陈彬.关于野生麋鹿绝灭原因的再探讨[J].四川动物,1990,9(1):41-42.
[3]曹克清,邱莲卿,陈彬,等.中国麋鹿[M].上海:学林出版社,1990.
[4]丁玉华著.中国麋鹿研究[M].长春:吉林科技出版社,2004.
[5]沈华,丁玉华,徐安宏.半散放麋鹿长角血蜱病的诊治[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2007,15(4):60-61.
[6]孙大明,朱明,王桂宏,等.大量蜱寄生引致麋鹿贫血症病例报告[J].畜牧与兽医,1998,30(2):72-73.
[7]孙大明,王伯高,丁玉华,等.麋鹿血液生理指标和血清化学成分指标的研究[J].畜牧与兽医,1994,26(3):106-109.
[8]孙大明,王桂宏,徐绍良,等.仔鹿大肠杆菌病[J].畜牧与兽医,1993,25(3):126.
[9]钟震宇,李鹏飞,王桂忠,等.麋鹿与生物多样性保护国际研讨会论文集[C].麋鹿疫病流行概况与防控对策,北京:北京科技出版社,2015:148-155.
[10]蒋志刚,张林源,杨绒生,等.中国麋鹿种群密度制约现象与发展策略[J].动物学报,2001,47(1):53-58.
[11]徐安宏,丁玉华,刘彬,等.浅谈野生动物类型自然保护区能力建设[J].野生动物,2013(6):374-378.
[12]李春旺,蒋志刚,曾岩.雄性麋鹿的吼叫行为、序列等级与成功繁殖[J].动物学研究,2001,22(6):449-453.
[13]曹克清.麋鹿研究[M].上海:上海科技出版社,2005.