不同光强下濒危植物伯乐树幼苗叶片光合生理参数比较
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摘要
为探讨伯乐树Bretschneidera sinensis幼苗的适宜光强环境,并为伯乐树幼苗的人工繁育及种群复壮提供参考,达到保护这一濒危物种的目的,比较研究了不同光强下(1 450.00,550.00和200.00μmol·m-2·s-1)伯乐树幼苗的光合日变化、光响应曲线、二氧化碳响应曲线以及形态指标等相关参数。结果表明:气孔导度、蒸腾速率和光合速率的日变化均以全光处理下的较高;光强相对较高环境下(1 450.00和550.00μmol·m-2·s-1)伯乐树幼苗叶片的表观光合速率、最大光合速率、最大羧化速率和羧化效率等光合参数值均显著较高(P<0.05),幼苗表现出良好的生长态势,说明伯乐树幼苗喜光。同时,不同光强处理下伯乐树幼苗叶片的光补偿点分别为21.22,19.93和14.95μmol·m-2·s-1,其值均较低,说明伯乐树幼苗也较耐弱光。较高光强有利于伯乐树的光合作用,植株长势健壮,株高和地径相对较大。建议在进行伯乐树幼苗人工繁育时,不宜过度遮荫光;在原生地抚育时,应适当增加林窗的光照强度。
Bretschneidera sinensis, an endemic species in China and one China's national first-level protected wild plants, is a particularly rare, severely endangered, and protected plant whose conservation for biodiversity is needed. This study determined the effect of different light intensities on the photosynthetic physiological response of B. sinensis and offered some suggestions for conservation. The photosynthetic characteristics of B.sinensis seedlings grown outdoors were studied with different light intensities(1 450, 550, and 200 μmol·m-2·s-1). Results showed that daily changes in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic rate with1 450 μmol·m-2·s-1were higher than with 550 and 200 μmol·m-2·s-1. As light intensity decreased, the maximum photosynthetic rate(Pmax), the light saturation point(LSP), the carboxylation rate(CU), and the maximum rate of carboxylation(Amax) all decreased. Therefore, light intensity should be considered carefully when biodiversity conservation of B. sinensis to be carried out.
Bretschneidera sinensis, an endemic species in China and one China's national first-level protected wild plants, is a particularly rare, severely endangered, and protected plant whose conservation for biodiversity is needed. This study determined the effect of different light intensities on the photosynthetic physiological response of B. sinensis and offered some suggestions for conservation. The photosynthetic characteristics of B.sinensis seedlings grown outdoors were studied with different light intensities(1 450, 550, and 200 μmol·m-2·s-1). Results showed that daily changes in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic rate with1 450 μmol·m-2·s-1were higher than with 550 and 200 μmol·m-2·s-1. As light intensity decreased, the maximum photosynthetic rate(Pmax), the light saturation point(LSP), the carboxylation rate(CU), and the maximum rate of carboxylation(Amax) all decreased. Therefore, light intensity should be considered carefully when biodiversity conservation of B. sinensis to be carried out.
引文
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[2]唐邦权,杨怡.伯乐树实生苗播种育苗技术[J].特种经济动植物,2012(11):31-32.TANG Bangquan,YANG Yi.Planting seedling technology of Bretschneidera sinensis seedling[J].Spec Econ Anim Plant,2012(11):31-32.
[3]乔琦,秦新生,郑希龙,等.伯乐树1年生幼苗的光响应特征[J].福建林业科技,2013,40(1):63-70.QIAO Qi,QIN Xinsheng,ZHENG Xilong,et al.Study on the light response characteristics of 1-year-old seedlings of Bretschneidera sinensis[J].J Fujian For Sci Technol,2013,40(1):63-70.
[4]张纪卯.伯乐树人工林的生长规律[J].亚热带农业研究,2011,7(1):22-25.ZHANG Jimao.Study on the growth of Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.plantation[J].Subtropi Agric Res,2011,7(1):22-25.
[5]郭祥泉,周立华,熊自华,等.孑遗树种钟萼木幼树生长特性探讨[J].亚热带植物科学,2012,41(2):32-36.GUO Xiangquan,ZHOU Lihua,XION Zihua,et al.Study on the growth characteristic of young trees of Bretschneidera sinensis[J].Subtrop Plant Sci,2012,41(2):32-36.
[6]张季,田华林,王玉奇,等.3个不同地理种源的伯乐树种子和苗期生长差异比较[J].热带农业科学,2011,31(5):12-15.ZHANG Ji,TIAN Hualin,WANG Yuqi,et al.Comparison of seeds and seedling growth for 3 different geo graphical provenances of Bretschneidera sinensis[J].Chin J Tropic Agric,2011,31(5):12-15.
[7]马冬雪,刘仁林.伯乐树幼苗特性与不同年龄阶段苗木生长规律研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(17):9344-9346.MA Dongxue,LIU Renlin.A study on characteristics and growth laws of Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsi.during young seedling period[J].J Anhui Agric Sci,2012,40(17):9344-9346.
[8]乔琦,秦新生,邢福武,等.珍稀植物伯乐树一年生更新幼苗的死亡原因和保育策略[J].生态学报,2011,31(16):4709-4716.QIAO Qi,QIN Xinsheng,XING Fuwu,et al.Death causes and conservation strategies of the annual regenerated seedlings of rare plant,Bretschneidera sinensis[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2011,31(16):4709-4716.
[9]LUSK C H.Leaf area accumulation helps juvenile evergreen trees tolerate shade in a temperate rainforest[J].Oecologia,2002,132(2):188-196.
[10]张文辉,祖元刚,刘国彬.10种濒危植物种群的生态学特征及致危因素分析[J].生态学报,2002,22(9):1512-1520.ZHANG Wenhui,ZU Yuangang,LIU Guobin.Population ecological characteristics and analysis on endangered cause of ten endangered plant species[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2002,22(9):1512-1520.
[11]LIU Peng,YANG Y S,XU Gendi,et al.Physiological response of rare and endangered seven-son-flower(Heptacodium miconioides)to light stress under habitat fragmentation[J].Environ Exp Bot,2006,57(1/2):32-40.
[12]张旺锋,樊大勇,谢宗强,等.濒危植物银杉幼树对生长光强的季节性光合响应[J].生物多样性,2005,13(5):387-397.ZHANG Wangfeng,FAN Dayong,XIE Zongqiang,et al.The seasonal photosynthetic responses of seedlings of the endangered plant Cathaya argyrophylla to different growth light environments[J].Chin Biodiv,2005,13(5):387-397.
[13]刘军.国家Ⅱ级重点保护植物香果树的保护与利用[J].甘肃科技,2003(19):151-152.LIU Jun.Protection and utilization of national protected plants(Ⅱ)Emmenopterys henry[J].Gansu Sci Technol,2003(19):151-152.
[14]谢玉芳,潘林,杨玉芳,等.香果树育苗技术[J].江苏林业科技,2004,31(2):39-40.XIE Yufang,PAN Lin,YANG Yufang,et al.Breeding technology of Emmenopterys henryi Oliv.[J].J Jiangsu For Sci Technol,2004,31(2):39-40.
[15]NIJS I,FERRIS R,BLUM H.Stomatal regulation in a changing climate:a field study using free air temperature increase(FATL)and free air CO2enrichment(FACE)[J].Plant Cell Environ,1997,20(8):1041-1050.
[16]YE Zipiao.A new model for relationship between irradiance and the rate of photosynthesis in Oryza sativa[J].Photosynthetica,2007,45(4):637-640.
[17]YE Zipiao,YU Qiang.A coupled model of stomatal conductance and photosynthesis for winter wheat[J].Photosynthetica,2008,46(4):637-640.
[18]叶子飘,于强.冬小麦旗叶光合速率对光强度和CO2浓度的响应[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2008,29(3):33-37.YE Zipiao,YU Qiang.Photosynthetic response to irradiance and CO2concentration for flag leaves of winter wheat[J].J Yangzhou Univ Agric Life Sci Ed,2008,29(3):33-37.
[19]叶子飘.光合作用对光和CO2响应模型的研究进展[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(6):727-740.YE Zipiao.A review on modeling of responses of photosynthesis to light and CO2[J].Chin J Plant Ecol,2010,34(6):727-740.
[20]伍铭凯,杨汉远,龙舞,等.伯乐树种子育苗试验[J].贵州林业科技,2006,34(4):39-42.WU Mingkai,YANG Hanyuan,LONG Wu,et al.A study on the seedling cultivation of Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.[J].J Guizhou For Sci Technol,2006,34(4):39-42.