东秦岭地区秦岭群与陡岭群关系判断及构造启示
|
摘要
位于东秦岭造山带商南—丹凤断裂带两侧的秦岭群与陡岭群之间的相关关系历来存在较大争议。它们是否属于同一块体,或者什么时候属于同一块体,又在什么时候裂解分开,不同学者从不同的角度给出了不同的认识。依据东秦岭地区1∶5万航空放射性资料和航空磁测资料分析认为:秦岭群以较平静的负磁场背景为主,对应航放总道及钍道为偏高场;而陡岭群则以磁异常幅值较大的正磁场为特征,对应航放总道及钍道为偏低场。综合东秦岭地区地震测深速度与视电阻率剖面分析结果研究认为,秦岭群的原岩组成以碳酸岩、泥质岩为主,形成于稳定大陆边缘的构造环境;而陡岭群的原岩组成以基性岩为主,形成于活动大陆边缘的构造环境。不少学者认为太古宙时期华北板块与扬子板块为一个统一陆块,秦岭群与陡岭群形成于2 000 Ma以前,但并没有给出太古宙统一板块的具体分裂时间。本研究推断至少在早元古代华北板块与扬子板块已经发生分离,并且它们之间可能已有大洋产生。
Correlation between the Qinling and Douling Groups on the two sides of the Shangnan-Danfeng fault zone in the eastern Qinling Orogen has always been controversial. In this paper,we study the relationship between the Qinling and Douling Groups on both sides of the Shangdan fault,based on the 1∶ 50 k aeroradioactivity and aeromagnetic data in the eastern Qinling Orogen. The Qinling Group is dominated by a more subdue negative magnetic field background,while the Douling Group is characterized by a stronger positive magnetic background. The stratigraphic range of the Qinling Group corresponds to the higher field in the general channel and thorium channel,while that of the Douling Group corresponds to the lower field in the main channel and thorium channel. Based on the reinterpretation of the seismic velocity and apparent resistivity profile in the eastern Qinling region,it is found that there are significant differences between them. Based on the aerogeophysical data and previous studies in the region,it is concluded that the primary rock types of the Qinling Group are carbonate and argillaceous rocks deposited in a stable continental margin,while those of Douling Group are mafic rocksformed in an active continental margin. Many previous workers considered that the North China and Yangtze plates were amalgamated in the Archean,and that the Qinling and Douling Groups were formed before 2000 Ma,yet the timing of the breakup for this amalgamated block was unknown. In this paper,it is inferred that the North China and Yangtze plates were separated at least from the early Proterozoic,and that an ocean may have opened between them.
Correlation between the Qinling and Douling Groups on the two sides of the Shangnan-Danfeng fault zone in the eastern Qinling Orogen has always been controversial. In this paper,we study the relationship between the Qinling and Douling Groups on both sides of the Shangdan fault,based on the 1∶ 50 k aeroradioactivity and aeromagnetic data in the eastern Qinling Orogen. The Qinling Group is dominated by a more subdue negative magnetic field background,while the Douling Group is characterized by a stronger positive magnetic background. The stratigraphic range of the Qinling Group corresponds to the higher field in the general channel and thorium channel,while that of the Douling Group corresponds to the lower field in the main channel and thorium channel. Based on the reinterpretation of the seismic velocity and apparent resistivity profile in the eastern Qinling region,it is found that there are significant differences between them. Based on the aerogeophysical data and previous studies in the region,it is concluded that the primary rock types of the Qinling Group are carbonate and argillaceous rocks deposited in a stable continental margin,while those of Douling Group are mafic rocksformed in an active continental margin. Many previous workers considered that the North China and Yangtze plates were amalgamated in the Archean,and that the Qinling and Douling Groups were formed before 2000 Ma,yet the timing of the breakup for this amalgamated block was unknown. In this paper,it is inferred that the North China and Yangtze plates were separated at least from the early Proterozoic,and that an ocean may have opened between them.
引文
[1]李加好,宋传中,任升莲,等.秦岭商丹断裂带的构造样式与变形分析[J].地学前缘,2010,17(4):412-420.
[2]李源,杨经绥,裴先治,等.秦岭造山带早古生代蛇绿岩的多阶段演化:从岛弧到弧间盆地[J].岩石学报,2012,28(6):1896-1914.
[3]李晔,周汉文,钟增球,等.北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用:来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录[J].地球科学,2012,37(增刊):111-124.
[4] CHENG H,HANG C,VERVOORT J D,et al. Geochronology of the transition of eclogite to amphibolite facies metamorphism in the North Qinling orogen of central China[J]. Lithos,2011,125(3/4):969-983.
[5] CHENG H,ZHANG C,VERVOORT J D,et al. Timing of eclogite facies metamorphism in the North Qinling by U-Pb and Lu-Hf geochronology[J]. Lithos,2012,136/139:46-59.
[6] ZHANG H F,YU H,ZHOU D W,et al. The meta-gabbroic complex of Fushui in North Qinling orogen:A case of syn-subduction mafic magmatism[J]. Gondwana Research, 2015, 28(1):262-275.
[7]袁学诚,徐明才,唐文榜,等.东秦岭陆壳反射地震剖面[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(6):749-758.
[8]赵子然,万渝生,张寿广,等.早元古陡岭群变质杂岩的岩石地球化学特征[J].岩石学报,1995,11(2):148-159.
[9]张宏飞,欧阳建平,凌文黎,等.从Pb同位素组成特征论东秦岭陡岭块体的构造归属[J].地球科学,1996,21(5):33-36.
[10]张国伟,于在平,董云鹏,等.秦岭区前寒武纪构造格局与演化问题探讨[J].岩石学报,2000,16(1):11-21.
[11]孟庆任.秦岭的由来[J].中国科学(地球科学),2017,47(4):412-420.
[12]程世秀,李三忠,许立青,等.太行山-秦岭中、新生代板内变形及交接转换机制[J].地质评论,2014,60(6):1245-1258.
[13]殷鸿福,杨逢清,赖旭龙,等.秦岭三叠系分带及印支期发展史[J].现代地质,1988,2(3):355-365.
[14]周正国.东秦岭的泥盆系及构造演化[J].现代地质,1991,5(3):263-272.
[15]王晓霞,王涛,张成立.秦岭造山带花岗质岩浆作用与造山带演化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2015,45(8):1109-1125.
[16]张国伟,董云鹏,姚安平.秦岭造山带基本组成与结构及其构造演化[J].陕西地质,1997,15(2):1-14.
[17]时毓.中国东部秦岭造山带的形成和演化[D].南京:南京大学,2012.
[18]张国伟,张本仁,袁学诚,等.秦岭造山带与大陆动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1-63.
[19]王平安,陈毓川,裴荣富,等.秦岭造山带区域矿床成矿系列、构造-成矿旋回与演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1998:1-161.
[20] LIU Liang,CHEN Danling. Geochemical characteristic and LAICPMS zircon U-Pb dating of Amphibolies in the Songshugou Ophiolite in the Easter Qinling[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(1):137-145.
[21]陈志宏.秦岭造山带东部新元古代热-构造事件及其地质意义[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2005.
[22]李云安,傅昭仁.秦岭群的东延及其意义[J].现代地质,1997,11(1):126-130.
[23]刘涛,魏君奇,刘茜,等.陕西商洛秦岭群斜长角闪岩年代学研究[J].西部资源,2016(5):32-33.
[24]王世炎,刘振宏,武太安,等.内乡县区域地质调查报告[R].郑州:河南省地质调查院,2002:73-76.
[25]周国藩.秦巴地区地球物理场特征与地壳构造格架关系的研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1992:1-87.
[26]刘国惠,张寿广.秦岭—大巴山地质论文集(一):变质地质[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1990:11-24.
[27]游振东,索书田,韩郁菁,等.造山带核部杂岩变质过程与构造解析——以东秦岭为例[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991:1-109.
[28]张宗清,刘敦一,付国民.北秦岭变质地层同位素年代研究[M].北京:地质出版社,1994:194.
[29]张国伟,张宗清,董云鹏.秦岭造山带主要构造岩石地层单元的构造性质及其大地构造意义[J].岩石学报,1995,11(2):101-114.
[30]张国伟,梅志超,周鼎武,等.秦岭造山带的形成及其演化[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1988:1-192.
[31]张寿广,赵子然,沈洁,等.东秦岭陡岭杂岩的形成与变质演化[J].中国科学(地球科学),1996,26(增刊):73-77.
[32]高山,张本仁.扬子地台北部太古宙TTG片麻岩的发现及其意义[J].地球科学,1990,15(5):675-679.
[33]安三元,胡高能.北秦岭裂陷的形成与变质作用[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1992:1-203.
[34]周鼎武,张国伟.“秦岭群”的再解体和秦岭造山带中的晋宁运动[M]//叶连俊,钱祥麟,张国伟:秦岭造山带学术讨论会议论文选集.西安:西北大学出版社,1991:63-71.
[35]韩郁菁,陈云兰,游振东.造山带核部杂岩变质过程与构造解析——以东秦岭为例[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991:217-241.
[36]刘涛.秦岭群和丹凤群中斜长角闪岩的研究[D].西安:西北大学,2017.
[37] HU Juan,LIU Xiaochun,QU Wei,et al. Mid-Neoproterozoic amphibolite facies metamorphism at the northern margin of the Yangtze craton[J]. Precambrian Research,2017,301:25-338.
[38]张本仁,骆庭川,高山,等.秦巴岩石圈构造及成矿规律地球化学研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994:1-446.
[39]郝杰,李曰俊,刘小汉,等.东秦岭陡岭古岛弧和武当古弧后盆地及其地质意义[J].中国区域地质,1996,29(1):43-50.
[40]张寿广,张宗清,宋彪,等.东秦岭陡岭杂岩中存在新太古代物质组成—SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和Sm-Nd年代学证据[J].地质学报,2004,78(6):800-806.
[41]袁学诚,李善芳,华九如.秦岭陆内造山带岩石圈结构[J].中国地质,2008,35(1):1-17.
[42]沈洁,张宗清,刘敦一.东秦岭陡岭群变质杂岩Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr、40Ar/39Ar、207Pb/206Pb年龄[J].地球学报,1997,18(3):248-254.
[43]戴帅军,薛亚飞.秦岭造山带东段的构造发展演化及金、银、铜的成矿关系[J].中国锰业,2018,36(1):69-71.
[44]耿树方,刘平,王振洋,等.亚洲地球动力系统的演进与东亚矿产资源效应[J].中国地质,2010,37(4):866-880.
[45]沈保丰,杨春亮,翟安民,等.中国前寒武纪地壳演化与成矿[J].矿床地质,2004,23(增刊):78-89.
[46]张传林,董永观,杨志华.秦岭晋宁期的两条蛇绿岩带及其对秦岭—大别构造演化的制约[J].地质学报,2000,74(4):313-324.
[47]杨志华.秦岭造山带南北向构造及有关问题的讨论[J].地质论评,1997,43(1):10-16.
[48]耿树方,严克明.论扬子地台与华北地台属同一个岩石圈板块[J].中国区域地质,1991,24(2):97-103.
[2]李源,杨经绥,裴先治,等.秦岭造山带早古生代蛇绿岩的多阶段演化:从岛弧到弧间盆地[J].岩石学报,2012,28(6):1896-1914.
[3]李晔,周汉文,钟增球,等.北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用:来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录[J].地球科学,2012,37(增刊):111-124.
[4] CHENG H,HANG C,VERVOORT J D,et al. Geochronology of the transition of eclogite to amphibolite facies metamorphism in the North Qinling orogen of central China[J]. Lithos,2011,125(3/4):969-983.
[5] CHENG H,ZHANG C,VERVOORT J D,et al. Timing of eclogite facies metamorphism in the North Qinling by U-Pb and Lu-Hf geochronology[J]. Lithos,2012,136/139:46-59.
[6] ZHANG H F,YU H,ZHOU D W,et al. The meta-gabbroic complex of Fushui in North Qinling orogen:A case of syn-subduction mafic magmatism[J]. Gondwana Research, 2015, 28(1):262-275.
[7]袁学诚,徐明才,唐文榜,等.东秦岭陆壳反射地震剖面[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(6):749-758.
[8]赵子然,万渝生,张寿广,等.早元古陡岭群变质杂岩的岩石地球化学特征[J].岩石学报,1995,11(2):148-159.
[9]张宏飞,欧阳建平,凌文黎,等.从Pb同位素组成特征论东秦岭陡岭块体的构造归属[J].地球科学,1996,21(5):33-36.
[10]张国伟,于在平,董云鹏,等.秦岭区前寒武纪构造格局与演化问题探讨[J].岩石学报,2000,16(1):11-21.
[11]孟庆任.秦岭的由来[J].中国科学(地球科学),2017,47(4):412-420.
[12]程世秀,李三忠,许立青,等.太行山-秦岭中、新生代板内变形及交接转换机制[J].地质评论,2014,60(6):1245-1258.
[13]殷鸿福,杨逢清,赖旭龙,等.秦岭三叠系分带及印支期发展史[J].现代地质,1988,2(3):355-365.
[14]周正国.东秦岭的泥盆系及构造演化[J].现代地质,1991,5(3):263-272.
[15]王晓霞,王涛,张成立.秦岭造山带花岗质岩浆作用与造山带演化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2015,45(8):1109-1125.
[16]张国伟,董云鹏,姚安平.秦岭造山带基本组成与结构及其构造演化[J].陕西地质,1997,15(2):1-14.
[17]时毓.中国东部秦岭造山带的形成和演化[D].南京:南京大学,2012.
[18]张国伟,张本仁,袁学诚,等.秦岭造山带与大陆动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1-63.
[19]王平安,陈毓川,裴荣富,等.秦岭造山带区域矿床成矿系列、构造-成矿旋回与演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1998:1-161.
[20] LIU Liang,CHEN Danling. Geochemical characteristic and LAICPMS zircon U-Pb dating of Amphibolies in the Songshugou Ophiolite in the Easter Qinling[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,78(1):137-145.
[21]陈志宏.秦岭造山带东部新元古代热-构造事件及其地质意义[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2005.
[22]李云安,傅昭仁.秦岭群的东延及其意义[J].现代地质,1997,11(1):126-130.
[23]刘涛,魏君奇,刘茜,等.陕西商洛秦岭群斜长角闪岩年代学研究[J].西部资源,2016(5):32-33.
[24]王世炎,刘振宏,武太安,等.内乡县区域地质调查报告[R].郑州:河南省地质调查院,2002:73-76.
[25]周国藩.秦巴地区地球物理场特征与地壳构造格架关系的研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1992:1-87.
[26]刘国惠,张寿广.秦岭—大巴山地质论文集(一):变质地质[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1990:11-24.
[27]游振东,索书田,韩郁菁,等.造山带核部杂岩变质过程与构造解析——以东秦岭为例[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991:1-109.
[28]张宗清,刘敦一,付国民.北秦岭变质地层同位素年代研究[M].北京:地质出版社,1994:194.
[29]张国伟,张宗清,董云鹏.秦岭造山带主要构造岩石地层单元的构造性质及其大地构造意义[J].岩石学报,1995,11(2):101-114.
[30]张国伟,梅志超,周鼎武,等.秦岭造山带的形成及其演化[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1988:1-192.
[31]张寿广,赵子然,沈洁,等.东秦岭陡岭杂岩的形成与变质演化[J].中国科学(地球科学),1996,26(增刊):73-77.
[32]高山,张本仁.扬子地台北部太古宙TTG片麻岩的发现及其意义[J].地球科学,1990,15(5):675-679.
[33]安三元,胡高能.北秦岭裂陷的形成与变质作用[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1992:1-203.
[34]周鼎武,张国伟.“秦岭群”的再解体和秦岭造山带中的晋宁运动[M]//叶连俊,钱祥麟,张国伟:秦岭造山带学术讨论会议论文选集.西安:西北大学出版社,1991:63-71.
[35]韩郁菁,陈云兰,游振东.造山带核部杂岩变质过程与构造解析——以东秦岭为例[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991:217-241.
[36]刘涛.秦岭群和丹凤群中斜长角闪岩的研究[D].西安:西北大学,2017.
[37] HU Juan,LIU Xiaochun,QU Wei,et al. Mid-Neoproterozoic amphibolite facies metamorphism at the northern margin of the Yangtze craton[J]. Precambrian Research,2017,301:25-338.
[38]张本仁,骆庭川,高山,等.秦巴岩石圈构造及成矿规律地球化学研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994:1-446.
[39]郝杰,李曰俊,刘小汉,等.东秦岭陡岭古岛弧和武当古弧后盆地及其地质意义[J].中国区域地质,1996,29(1):43-50.
[40]张寿广,张宗清,宋彪,等.东秦岭陡岭杂岩中存在新太古代物质组成—SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和Sm-Nd年代学证据[J].地质学报,2004,78(6):800-806.
[41]袁学诚,李善芳,华九如.秦岭陆内造山带岩石圈结构[J].中国地质,2008,35(1):1-17.
[42]沈洁,张宗清,刘敦一.东秦岭陡岭群变质杂岩Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr、40Ar/39Ar、207Pb/206Pb年龄[J].地球学报,1997,18(3):248-254.
[43]戴帅军,薛亚飞.秦岭造山带东段的构造发展演化及金、银、铜的成矿关系[J].中国锰业,2018,36(1):69-71.
[44]耿树方,刘平,王振洋,等.亚洲地球动力系统的演进与东亚矿产资源效应[J].中国地质,2010,37(4):866-880.
[45]沈保丰,杨春亮,翟安民,等.中国前寒武纪地壳演化与成矿[J].矿床地质,2004,23(增刊):78-89.
[46]张传林,董永观,杨志华.秦岭晋宁期的两条蛇绿岩带及其对秦岭—大别构造演化的制约[J].地质学报,2000,74(4):313-324.
[47]杨志华.秦岭造山带南北向构造及有关问题的讨论[J].地质论评,1997,43(1):10-16.
[48]耿树方,严克明.论扬子地台与华北地台属同一个岩石圈板块[J].中国区域地质,1991,24(2):97-103.