红石岩震损高陡边坡工程岩体质量评价
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摘要
高陡岩质边坡在经历强震过后,其浅部岩体受地震动力瞬时循环载荷作用而导致岩体质量下降,即所谓震损边坡。震损边坡的工程岩体质量对施工措施的制定和边坡安全评价至关重要。针对震损边坡岩体的实际特点,以工程岩体质量评价的BQ分级体系为基础,应用三维激光扫描技术来识别岩体结构面和节理裂隙,并结合岩块单轴抗压强度试验,建立了震损边坡工程岩体质量评价方法。应用提出的方法对云南鲁甸红石岩震损边坡Ⅱ区进行工程岩体质量评价,分析结果表明:震损边坡Ⅱ区浅部岩体较为破碎、受长期卸荷和地震扰动影响,节理裂隙发育,运用三维激光扫描技术识别、统计岩体结构面情况,再结合常规的岩体质量分类方法,最终确定岩体分级为Ⅳ类,结果较符合实际情况。该方法能够远程非接触式地识别统计岩体的结构面信息,尤其适合岩体破碎或坡面高陡而技术人员无法到达的危险边坡的岩体质量评价,可为其他类似工程提供参考。
Strong earthquake can affect the engineering quality of the rock mass forming the shallow strata of the high and steep rock slope.Moreover,engineering rock mass quality of the slope damaged by strong earthquake is crucial to making construction management plan and assessing the safety of slope.Considering actual characteristics of the slope caused by seismic disturbance,this paper applies three-dimensional laser scanning technology,based on the basic quality(BQ) system,to recognize rock mass discontinuity and joint cracks.Meanwhile,the paper combines with rock mechanical test,puts forward a method for engineering slope rock mass quality assessment.The presented method is used to assess the engineering rock mass quality of the Hongshiyan slope(zone Ⅱ) in Ludian,Yunnan Province.The results show that the shallow rock mass is awfully broken,a bit hard,and is classified asⅣ-class.Furthermore,the results are consistent with the practical situation.The present method can identify the structural surface information on the premise of not arriving at measurement site and is particularly appropriate for broken rock mass quality assessment of high and steep slope where surveyors cannot arrive.The paper can provide a reference for other similar projects.
Strong earthquake can affect the engineering quality of the rock mass forming the shallow strata of the high and steep rock slope.Moreover,engineering rock mass quality of the slope damaged by strong earthquake is crucial to making construction management plan and assessing the safety of slope.Considering actual characteristics of the slope caused by seismic disturbance,this paper applies three-dimensional laser scanning technology,based on the basic quality(BQ) system,to recognize rock mass discontinuity and joint cracks.Meanwhile,the paper combines with rock mechanical test,puts forward a method for engineering slope rock mass quality assessment.The presented method is used to assess the engineering rock mass quality of the Hongshiyan slope(zone Ⅱ) in Ludian,Yunnan Province.The results show that the shallow rock mass is awfully broken,a bit hard,and is classified asⅣ-class.Furthermore,the results are consistent with the practical situation.The present method can identify the structural surface information on the premise of not arriving at measurement site and is particularly appropriate for broken rock mass quality assessment of high and steep slope where surveyors cannot arrive.The paper can provide a reference for other similar projects.
引文
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Bieniawski,Z.T.1973.Engineering classification of jointed rock masses[J].Transactions of South African Institution of Civil Engineers,15(12):335~344.
Cao C,Li H Z,Chen J P,et al.2017.Rock quality evaluation of dam foundation based on component and cloud model weighting method[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),38(11):1643-1647.
Chen C Y,Wang G R.2002.Discussion on the interrelation of various rock mass quality classification systems at home and abroad[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,21(12):1894-1900.
Chen K.2018.Analysis on application of 3d laser scanning technology in geological landslide[J].Resource Information and Engineering,33(1):180-181.
Chen X,Sun J Z,Zhang J K,et al.2009.The unloading effect of rock samples and the quality evaluation of engineering rock masses[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural and Environmental Engineering,31(6):53-59.
Dong X J,Huang R Q.2006.Application of 3D laser scanning technology to geologic survey of high and steep slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,25(S2):3629-3635.
Duan S W,Xu X E.2013.Discussion of problems in calculation and application of rock mass integrity coefficient[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,21(4):548-553.
Hu X W,Hu S M,Lu Y,et al.2010.Measurement of volumetric joint count and its application in surrounding rock classification[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,27(6):30-34.
Ji D,LüS H,Jiang D H,et al.2015.Evaluation of rockmass quality based on the revised RMR method in coastal mine during deep exploitation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,23(S1):642-650.
Li H B,Yang X G,Zhao W,et al.2017.Measurement technology and its application for tunnel excavation and lining quality based on 3D laser scanning[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,36(S1):3456-3463.
Liu Z X,Dang W G.2014.Rock quality classification and stability evaluation of undersea deposit based on M-IRMR[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,40(2):95-101.
National standard writing unit of the People's Republic of China.2015.Engineering rock mass classification standard(GB/T50218-2014)[S].Beijing:China Planning Press.
Niu W L,Li T B.2015.Optimization of BQ method used in rock mass quality evaluation of rockburst tunnel[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),42(6):658-664.
Qiao G W,Wang Y S,Yang X L.2015.Study of rock mass quality evaluation system of freezing-thawing and weathering slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,36(2):515-522.
Qu S J.2017.Study on rock mass quality and deformation failure modes of right abutment slope of Rumei hydropower station in Tibet[D].Chengdu:Chengdu Univerisity of Technology.
Shen Y J,Yan R X,Yang G S,et al.2017.Comparisons of evaluation factors and application effects of the new[BQ]GSI system with international rock mass classification systems[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,35(6):2523-2548.
Wang X J.2011.Research on basic quality index and classification numbers of engineering rock mass[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University.
Xu W Y,Xei S Y,Jiang H,et al.2000.Quality assessment of rock mass and feedback design for underground buildings of Shuibuya Hydropower plant[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,8(2):191-196.
Yue Z Q.2014.Drilling process monitoring for refining and upgrading rock mass quality classification methods[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,33(10):1977-1996.
曹琛,李会中,陈剑平,等.2017.基于组合赋权法与云模型坝基岩体质量评价[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),38(11):1643-1647.
陈昌炎,王贵荣.2002.各类岩体质量评价方法的相关性探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,21(12):1894-1900.
陈凯.2018.分析三维激光扫描技术在地质滑坡中的应用[J].资源信息与工程,33(1):180-181.
陈祥,孙进忠,张杰坤,等.2009.岩块卸荷效应与工程岩体质量评价[J].土木建筑与环境工程,31(6):53-59.
董秀军,黄润秋.2006.三维激光扫描技术在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,25(增2):3629-3635.
段世委,许仙娥.2013.岩体完整性系数确定及应用中的几个问题探讨[J].工程地质学报,21(4):548-553.
胡修文,胡盛明,卢阳,等.2010.岩体体积节理数的统计方法及其在围岩分级中的应用[J].长江科学院院报,27(6):30-34.
冀东,吕三和,姜德鸿,等.2015.基于修正RMR法评价体系的滨海深部开采矿山岩体质量评价[J].工程地质学报,23(增):642-650.
李海波,杨兴国,赵伟,等.2017.基于三维激光扫描的隧洞开挖衬砌质量检测技术及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,36(增1):3456-3463.
牛文林,李天斌.2015.岩爆隧道岩体质量评价的BQ法优化[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),42(6):658-664.
乔国文,王运生,杨新龙.2015.冻融风化边坡岩体质量评价体系研究[J].岩土力学,36(2):515-522.
瞿生军.2017.西藏如美水电站右岸坝肩边坡岩体质量及变形破坏模式研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
王小江.2011.工程岩体基本质量指标和分级档次的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学.
徐卫亚,谢守益,蒋晗,等.2000.清江水布垭水电站地下厂房岩体质量评价及反馈设计研究[J].工程地质学报,8(2):191-196.
岳中琦.2014.钻孔过程监测(DPM)对工程岩体质量评价方法的完善与提升[J].岩石力学与工程学报,33(10):1977-1996.
中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.2015.工程岩体分级标准(GB/T50218-2014)[S].北京:中国计划出版社.
Bieniawski,Z.T.1973.Engineering classification of jointed rock masses[J].Transactions of South African Institution of Civil Engineers,15(12):335~344.
Cao C,Li H Z,Chen J P,et al.2017.Rock quality evaluation of dam foundation based on component and cloud model weighting method[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),38(11):1643-1647.
Chen C Y,Wang G R.2002.Discussion on the interrelation of various rock mass quality classification systems at home and abroad[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,21(12):1894-1900.
Chen K.2018.Analysis on application of 3d laser scanning technology in geological landslide[J].Resource Information and Engineering,33(1):180-181.
Chen X,Sun J Z,Zhang J K,et al.2009.The unloading effect of rock samples and the quality evaluation of engineering rock masses[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural and Environmental Engineering,31(6):53-59.
Dong X J,Huang R Q.2006.Application of 3D laser scanning technology to geologic survey of high and steep slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,25(S2):3629-3635.
Duan S W,Xu X E.2013.Discussion of problems in calculation and application of rock mass integrity coefficient[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,21(4):548-553.
Hu X W,Hu S M,Lu Y,et al.2010.Measurement of volumetric joint count and its application in surrounding rock classification[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,27(6):30-34.
Ji D,LüS H,Jiang D H,et al.2015.Evaluation of rockmass quality based on the revised RMR method in coastal mine during deep exploitation[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,23(S1):642-650.
Li H B,Yang X G,Zhao W,et al.2017.Measurement technology and its application for tunnel excavation and lining quality based on 3D laser scanning[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,36(S1):3456-3463.
Liu Z X,Dang W G.2014.Rock quality classification and stability evaluation of undersea deposit based on M-IRMR[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,40(2):95-101.
National standard writing unit of the People's Republic of China.2015.Engineering rock mass classification standard(GB/T50218-2014)[S].Beijing:China Planning Press.
Niu W L,Li T B.2015.Optimization of BQ method used in rock mass quality evaluation of rockburst tunnel[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),42(6):658-664.
Qiao G W,Wang Y S,Yang X L.2015.Study of rock mass quality evaluation system of freezing-thawing and weathering slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,36(2):515-522.
Qu S J.2017.Study on rock mass quality and deformation failure modes of right abutment slope of Rumei hydropower station in Tibet[D].Chengdu:Chengdu Univerisity of Technology.
Shen Y J,Yan R X,Yang G S,et al.2017.Comparisons of evaluation factors and application effects of the new[BQ]GSI system with international rock mass classification systems[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,35(6):2523-2548.
Wang X J.2011.Research on basic quality index and classification numbers of engineering rock mass[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University.
Xu W Y,Xei S Y,Jiang H,et al.2000.Quality assessment of rock mass and feedback design for underground buildings of Shuibuya Hydropower plant[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,8(2):191-196.
Yue Z Q.2014.Drilling process monitoring for refining and upgrading rock mass quality classification methods[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,33(10):1977-1996.
曹琛,李会中,陈剑平,等.2017.基于组合赋权法与云模型坝基岩体质量评价[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),38(11):1643-1647.
陈昌炎,王贵荣.2002.各类岩体质量评价方法的相关性探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,21(12):1894-1900.
陈凯.2018.分析三维激光扫描技术在地质滑坡中的应用[J].资源信息与工程,33(1):180-181.
陈祥,孙进忠,张杰坤,等.2009.岩块卸荷效应与工程岩体质量评价[J].土木建筑与环境工程,31(6):53-59.
董秀军,黄润秋.2006.三维激光扫描技术在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,25(增2):3629-3635.
段世委,许仙娥.2013.岩体完整性系数确定及应用中的几个问题探讨[J].工程地质学报,21(4):548-553.
胡修文,胡盛明,卢阳,等.2010.岩体体积节理数的统计方法及其在围岩分级中的应用[J].长江科学院院报,27(6):30-34.
冀东,吕三和,姜德鸿,等.2015.基于修正RMR法评价体系的滨海深部开采矿山岩体质量评价[J].工程地质学报,23(增):642-650.
李海波,杨兴国,赵伟,等.2017.基于三维激光扫描的隧洞开挖衬砌质量检测技术及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,36(增1):3456-3463.
牛文林,李天斌.2015.岩爆隧道岩体质量评价的BQ法优化[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),42(6):658-664.
乔国文,王运生,杨新龙.2015.冻融风化边坡岩体质量评价体系研究[J].岩土力学,36(2):515-522.
瞿生军.2017.西藏如美水电站右岸坝肩边坡岩体质量及变形破坏模式研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
王小江.2011.工程岩体基本质量指标和分级档次的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学.
徐卫亚,谢守益,蒋晗,等.2000.清江水布垭水电站地下厂房岩体质量评价及反馈设计研究[J].工程地质学报,8(2):191-196.
岳中琦.2014.钻孔过程监测(DPM)对工程岩体质量评价方法的完善与提升[J].岩石力学与工程学报,33(10):1977-1996.
中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.2015.工程岩体分级标准(GB/T50218-2014)[S].北京:中国计划出版社.