基于平行螺旋传输线的形变分布式测量机理研究
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摘要
地表或地下形变的分布式测量是地质灾害监测中的重要组成部分,以平行螺旋传输线作为传感器,结合时域反射(time domain reflectometry,TDR)的测量方式可实现较大形变的连续分布式测量。已知平行螺旋传输线被拉伸时特性阻抗会随拉伸量的增大而增大,通过对平行螺旋传输线的电路模型和电场进行分析计算,得出了拉伸量与特性阻抗的理论近似模型,TDR技术用于测量平行螺旋传输线的形变位置和特性阻抗的变化量,根据推导的理论模型可以获得特性阻抗变化量与平行螺旋传输线拉伸量的关系,将多条平行螺旋传输线铺设于待测区域,能实时监测待测区域的形变量和形变位置。
The distributed measurement of surface or subsurface deformation is an important component of geological hazard monitoring.Combined with time domain reflectometry( TDR),the parallel helical transmission cable as the sensor can achieve larger continuous distributed measurement of deformation. It is known that the characteristic impedance increases with the parallel helical transmission cable drawn,a theoretical approximate model of tensile and characteristic impedance is obtained by analyzing and calculating the circuit model and electric field of parallel helical transmission cable. Time domain reflectometry is used to measure the deformation position and characteristic impedance changes of parallel helical transmission cable. According to the theoretical model derived,the relationship between the characteristic impedance variation and the tensile quantity of the parallel helical transmission line can be obtained. The multiple parallel helical transmission cables are arranged in the tested area,and the deformation size and the deformation position of the measured area can be monitored in real time.
The distributed measurement of surface or subsurface deformation is an important component of geological hazard monitoring.Combined with time domain reflectometry( TDR),the parallel helical transmission cable as the sensor can achieve larger continuous distributed measurement of deformation. It is known that the characteristic impedance increases with the parallel helical transmission cable drawn,a theoretical approximate model of tensile and characteristic impedance is obtained by analyzing and calculating the circuit model and electric field of parallel helical transmission cable. Time domain reflectometry is used to measure the deformation position and characteristic impedance changes of parallel helical transmission cable. According to the theoretical model derived,the relationship between the characteristic impedance variation and the tensile quantity of the parallel helical transmission line can be obtained. The multiple parallel helical transmission cables are arranged in the tested area,and the deformation size and the deformation position of the measured area can be monitored in real time.
引文
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[2]付海军.无人机遥感技术在地质灾害监测中的应用[J].中小企业管理与科技,2017,26(3):90-91.FU H J.The application of UAV remote sensing technology in geological disaster monitoring[J].Management&Technology of SME,2017,26(3):90-91.
[3]刘紫平,吴凌辉,陈春花,等.基于HNCORS的地质灾害监测预警系统集成应用[J].全球定位系统,2017,42(1):114-117.LIU Z P,WU L H,CHEN CH H,et al.Integrated application of geological disaster monitoring and forewarning system based on HNCORS[J].GNSS World of China,2017,42(1):114-117.
[4]杜柯.岩土与地质工程中分布式光纤传感技术研究进展[J].世界有色金属,2017,32(1):66-68.DU K.Research progress of distributed optical fiber sensing technology in geotechnical and geological engineering[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2017,32(1):66-68.
[5]冯晓亮,陈龙,李远宁.关于滑坡灾害监测的方法和最近进展分析[J].信息化建设,2015,18(8):122-123.FENG X L,CHEN L,LI Y N.Analysis of landslide monitoring methods and recent progress[J].Information Construction,2015,18(8):122-123.
[6]张杨锴.TDR装置研制与其在岩土变形分布式探测中的应用研究[D].杭州:中国计量大学,2016.ZHANG Y K.TDR manufacture and its application in distributed detection of rock-soil deformation[D].Hangzhou:China Jiliang University,2016.
[7]冯晓光.光纤传感器在岩土工程监测中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2017,29(2):5-6.FENG X G.Application of optical fiber sensor in geotechnical engineering monitoring[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2017,29(2):5-6.
[8]童仁园,李青,李明.基于时域反射的分布式地表变形探测技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,38(11):2572-2578.TONG R Y,LI Q,LI M.Distributed ground surface deformation detection based on time domain reflectometry technology[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(11):2572-2578.
[9]刘毓氚,李协.纯剪状态下同轴电缆TDR反射特征研究[J].土工基础,2011,31(1):49-52.LIU Y C,LI X.TDR reflection characteristics of coaxial cable under pure shear condition[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,2011,31(1):49-52.
[10]童仁园,李青,李明,等.平行螺旋传输线结构的岩土体变形分布式传感测量电缆[P].中国专利:CN102522148A,2012-06-27.TONG R Y,LI Q,LI M,et al.Distributed sensing measuring cable for deformation of rock and soil mass with parallel spiral transmission line structure[P].Chinese Patent:CN102522148A,2012-06-27.
[11]SU M B,CHEN I H,LIAO CH.Using TDR cables and GPS for landslide monitoring in high mountain area[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2009,135(8):1113-1121.
[12]孙冬.TDR脉冲源和采样关键技术研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2014.SUN D.The research of impulse source and the key technology sampling for TDR[D].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2014.
[13]WANG M,WANG Y,JIA S,et al.A positioning method of the partial stretch of spiral parallel cable[C].International Conference on Energy Development and Environmental Protection,2016:570-575.
[14]TONG R Y,LI M,LI Q.Study on elastic helical TDR sensing cable for distributed deformation detection[J].Sensors,2012(12):9586-9602.
[15]DAVID K C.Field and Wave of Electromagnetics[M].2ndED.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013:301-303.