品种与区试点对谷子农艺性状的影响
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摘要
为探究区试点与品种对谷子农艺性状的关联关系及影响效应,于2014和2015年分别在山西五台县(A1)、山西定襄县(A2)、山西平定县(A3)、山西省农科院高粱所(A4)、山西省农科院经济作物所(A5)、山西省农科院谷子所(A6)和山西高平市(A7),选取种植谷子‘长杂谷1205号’(B1)、‘长农44号’(B2)、‘长生13号’(B3)、‘晋汾97号’(B4)、‘农大8号’(B5)与‘长农35号’(B6),每个品种3次重复。结果显示,A1的谷子株高显著高于其他区试点的,且其穗长显著高于A6穗长。A2、A3生育期与A1、A7的差异达到显著水平,A4的谷子穗粒重及产量高于其他区试点,A5在千粒重方面有促进作用。A6的主茎高显著低于其他区试点,A7的穗长显著高于其他区试点。通过一年多点综合分析得B1品种的生育期、穗数在各地均高于其他品种,在穗长方面的变异度最高。B3品种在千粒重、主茎高方面的丰产效应最低,而B5在穗长、千粒重及产量方面的丰产效应最高。B6的穗长及产量的丰产效应为负效应,且其生育期、穗数及主茎高变异系数最高,但对主茎高的增高效应最高,而其穗数在A2表现最好。综上所述,区试点与品种在谷子农艺性状方面有交互作用,其中品种对谷子穗长、主茎高影响效应大。
In order to explore the effects of experimental sites and varieties on the agronomic traits of millet,this study investigated the agronomic traits of 6 millet varieties planted in 7 typical areas in Shanxi Province on 2014 and 2015.The experiment of each variety was repeated 3 times.The results showed that the plant height of the millet in the Shanxi province Wutai County area was significantly higher than that in other areas,and its panicle length was significantly higher than that in the Shanxi province Changzhi County.The difference between the growth period in the Shanxi province Dingxiang County,Shanxi province Pingding County and the difference between the pilots in the Shanxi province Wutai County and Shanxi province Gaoping County areas both reached a significant level.The spike grain weight and yield of the millet at the pilot in the Shanxi province Yuci County were higher than those in other areas.And the Shanxi province Fenyang County pilot had a positive effect on the 1 000-grain weight than those in other areas.The main stem height in the Shanxi province Changzhi County was significantly lower than that in other districts,and the length of spike in the Shanxi province Gaoping County trial was significantly higher than that in other districts.Through more than one years comprehensive analysis,it was found that the growth period and number of spike of‘Changzagu 1205'were higher in all regions than in other cultivars,and the variability in length of spike was the highest.The Changsheng 13 had the lowest yield effect in 1 000-grain weight and main stem height.‘Nongda 8'had the highest yield effect in panicle length,1 000-grain weight and yield.However,the high yield effect of panicle length and yield of‘Changnong 35'displayed negative effect,and its growth period,panicle number and main stem high coefficient of variation were the highest.But the increase effect on the height of main stem was the highest,and the panicle number was the best in Shanxi province Dingxiang County.In summary,the pilot sites and varieties showed interactions in agronomic traits of millet.The varietal factors had greater influence on the length of spike of millet and the height of the main stem.
In order to explore the effects of experimental sites and varieties on the agronomic traits of millet,this study investigated the agronomic traits of 6 millet varieties planted in 7 typical areas in Shanxi Province on 2014 and 2015.The experiment of each variety was repeated 3 times.The results showed that the plant height of the millet in the Shanxi province Wutai County area was significantly higher than that in other areas,and its panicle length was significantly higher than that in the Shanxi province Changzhi County.The difference between the growth period in the Shanxi province Dingxiang County,Shanxi province Pingding County and the difference between the pilots in the Shanxi province Wutai County and Shanxi province Gaoping County areas both reached a significant level.The spike grain weight and yield of the millet at the pilot in the Shanxi province Yuci County were higher than those in other areas.And the Shanxi province Fenyang County pilot had a positive effect on the 1 000-grain weight than those in other areas.The main stem height in the Shanxi province Changzhi County was significantly lower than that in other districts,and the length of spike in the Shanxi province Gaoping County trial was significantly higher than that in other districts.Through more than one years comprehensive analysis,it was found that the growth period and number of spike of‘Changzagu 1205'were higher in all regions than in other cultivars,and the variability in length of spike was the highest.The Changsheng 13 had the lowest yield effect in 1 000-grain weight and main stem height.‘Nongda 8'had the highest yield effect in panicle length,1 000-grain weight and yield.However,the high yield effect of panicle length and yield of‘Changnong 35'displayed negative effect,and its growth period,panicle number and main stem high coefficient of variation were the highest.But the increase effect on the height of main stem was the highest,and the panicle number was the best in Shanxi province Dingxiang County.In summary,the pilot sites and varieties showed interactions in agronomic traits of millet.The varietal factors had greater influence on the length of spike of millet and the height of the main stem.
引文
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[2]Lu H Y,Zhang J P,Liu K B,Wu N Q,Li Y M,Zhou K S,Ye M L,Zhang T Y,Zhang H J,Yang X Y,Shen L C,Xu D K,Li Q.Earliest domestication of common millet(Panicum miliaceum)in East Asia extended to 10 000years ago[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences of the United States of America,2009,106(18):7367-7372
[3]赵其国,尹学斌.我们的未来农业:功能农业[J].山西农业大学:自然科学版,2017,37(7):457-468,486Zhao Q G,Yin X B.Our future agriculture-functional agriculture[J].Shanxi Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition,2017,37(7):457-468,486(in Chinese)
[4]贾璟琪,李富忠.山西省功能农业发展研究[J].农业网络信息,2017,(7):85-87Jia J Q,Li F Z.Study on the development of functional agriculture in Shanxi Province[J].Agriculture Network Information,2017(7):85-87(in Chinese)
[5]刁现民.中国谷子生产与产业发展方向[C]∥柴岩.中国小杂粮产业发展报告.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:32-43Diao X M.Chinese millet production and industry development direction[C].In:Chai Y,ed.China Minor Cereals industry Development Report.Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology press,2007:32-43(in Chinese)
[6]谢丽莉.谷子光周期敏感相关性状的QTL定位与分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2012Xie L L.QTL Mapping and analysis of photoperiod-sensitive and related traits in foxtail millet[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2012(in Chinese)
[7]刘晓东,张爱霞,王桂荣,王慧军.品种与地域因素对谷子中Fe、Zn、Mg和Se元素含量影响的研究[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(10):7-10,108Liu X D,Zhang A X,Wang G R,Wang H J.Effects of variety and regional factors on the contents of Fe,Zn,Mg and Se in millet[J].Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,2011,15(10):7-10,108(in Chinese)
[8]郭桂兰,王殿赢,王玉文,王节之,赵太存,史琴香.谷子品种感温性研究[J].华北农学报,1994(2):9-13Guo G L,Wang D Y,Wang Y W,Wang J Z,Zhao T C,Shi QX.The temperature sensitivity of millet varieties[J].North China Agronomy Journal,1994,9(2):9-13(in Chinese)
[9]岳海.不同生态环境和不同栽培管理措施对谷子品质影响研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2005Yue H.Study on effect of quality of millet in different ecological environments and different culture control measures[D].Taigu:Shanxi Agricultural University,2005(in Chinese)
[10]李秀芝.吉林省谷子地方品种蛋白质、脂肪含量的分析[J].吉林农业科学,1987(1):24-27Li X Z.Analysis the content of protein and fat content in local millet variety of Jilin Province[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences,1987(1):24-27(in Chinese)
[11]刘为紅,卢化,周乃健.不同生态因子对谷子蛋白质脂肪含量影响的研究[J].山西农业大学学报,1995,15(3):244-247Liu W H,Lu H,Zhou N J.Effects of different ecological factors on protein fat content in millet[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University,1995,15(3):244-247(in Chinese)
[12]贺微仙,王文真,王会龙.我国北方谷子资源蛋白质含量研究初报[J].作物品种资源,1985(3):19-21He W X,Wang W Z,Wang H L.Preliminary report on protein content of millet resources in northern China[J].Crop Variety Resources,1985(3):19-21(in Chinese)
[13]古世禄,刘厦.中国谷子蛋白质氨基酸组成的研究[J].华北农学报,1989,4(1):8-15Gu S L,Liu X.Study on protein amino acid composition of Chinese millet[J].North China Agronomy Journal,1989,4(1):8-15(in Chinese)
[14]赵淑玲,李洪,王殿巧,郭桂兰,王玉文.生态环境对谷子蛋白质、脂肪和淀粉含量的影响[J].华北农学报,1990,5(4):48-53Zhao S L,Li H,Wang G Q,Guo G L,Wang Y W.Effects of ecological environment on the content of protein,fat and starch in millet[J].North China Agronomy Journal,1990,5(4):48-53(in Chinese)
[15]王玉文,李会霞,田岗,王高鸿.我国小米品质研究进展及其改良设想[J].中国农学通报,2001,17(5):49-51Wang Y W,Li H X,Tian G,Wang G H.Research progress and improvement ideas of millet quality in China[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2001,17(5):49-51(in Chinese)
[16]杨官厅,韩淑云,刘名贵.陕西省谷子品种谷粒品质研究初报[J].作物品种资源,1988,16(1):30-31Yang G T,Han S Y,Liu M G.Preliminary report on grain quality of millet varieties in Shaanxi Province[J].Crop Variety Resources,1988,16(1):30-31(in Chinese)
[17]何继红,杨天育,吴国忠.甘肃省谷子地方品种营养品质的分析与评价[J].植物遗传资源科学,2002,3(1):41-44He J H,Yang T Y,Wu G Z.Analysis and evaluation of nutritional quality of local millet varieties in Gansu Province[J].Plant Genetic Resources Science,2002,3(1):41-44(in Chinese)
[18]邵丽华.山西省小米叶酸含量的研究[D].临汾:山西师范大学,2014Shao L H.Study on the content of folic acid in millet in Shanxi Province[D].Linfen:Shanxi Normal Universit,2014(in Chinese)
[19]邵丽华,王莉,白文文,刘雅娟.山西谷子资源叶酸含量分析及评价[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(7):1265-1272Shao L H,Wang L,Bai W W,Li Y J.Analysis and evaluation of the content of folic acid in Shanxi millet resources[J].China Agricultural Sinica,2014,47(7):1265-1272(in Chinese)
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