湘北地区典型水稻土的发生特性及其在中国土壤系统分类中的归属
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摘要
选取湘北地区7个发育于2种母质的水稻土剖面样点,通过对其成土环境、剖面形态特征以及土壤理化性质进行野外观测和室内分析,按中国土壤系统分类方案,检索出诊断层和诊断特性,确定其在中国土壤系统分类中的归属,并评述土系的生产性能。结果表明:供试水稻土归属于水耕人为土亚纲下的简育和铁聚水耕人为土2个土类,底潜简育水耕人为土、普通简育水耕人为土、普通铁聚水耕人为土、漂白铁聚水耕人为土4个亚类;进一步按照土族和土系划分标准,划分出7个土族和7个土系。在相同成土环境下,同种母质发育的水耕人为土,土壤系统分类比土壤发生分类具有更强的划分能力。其划分的基层土壤单元(土族和土系),对农业生产、土地资源利用更具有指导意义。
Seven typical paddy soil profiles derived from two parent materials were selected in Northern Hunan Province,soil form environment, profile morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties were observed and analyzed, the diagnostic horizons, diagnostic characteristics and attribution of these soil profiles were identified according to Chinese Soil Taxonomy. The results showed that those paddy soils belonged to two groups of Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols and Fe-accumuliStagnic Anthrosols, and four subgroups of Endogleyic Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols, Typic Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols, Typic Feaccumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols and Albic Fe-accumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols. According to the classification standards for Chinese soil family and soil series, seven soil families were identified and seven soil series were established for those paddy soils. Compared with Soil Genetic Classification, Soil Taxonomy can differentiate further paddy soils in the same form environment, and the established soil families and soil series are more quantitative and more conducive to agricultural production and land use.
Seven typical paddy soil profiles derived from two parent materials were selected in Northern Hunan Province,soil form environment, profile morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties were observed and analyzed, the diagnostic horizons, diagnostic characteristics and attribution of these soil profiles were identified according to Chinese Soil Taxonomy. The results showed that those paddy soils belonged to two groups of Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols and Fe-accumuliStagnic Anthrosols, and four subgroups of Endogleyic Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols, Typic Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols, Typic Feaccumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols and Albic Fe-accumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols. According to the classification standards for Chinese soil family and soil series, seven soil families were identified and seven soil series were established for those paddy soils. Compared with Soil Genetic Classification, Soil Taxonomy can differentiate further paddy soils in the same form environment, and the established soil families and soil series are more quantitative and more conducive to agricultural production and land use.
引文
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[24]张杨珠,黄运湘,王翠红,等.菜园土壤肥力特征与蔬菜硝酸盐污染的控制技术[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,30(3):229-232
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[2]Shi X,Yu D,Xu S,et al.Cross-reference for relating genetic soil classification of China with WRB at different scales[J].Geoderma,2010,155:344-350
[3]湖南省农业厅.湖南土壤[M].北京:农业出版社,1989
[4]四川省农牧厅,四川省土壤普查办公室.四川土壤[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1995
[5]魏孝孚,章明奎,历仁安.浙江衢县样区土系的划分[J].土壤,2001,33(1):26-31
[6]秦聪.江汉平原典型水耕人为土土系划分及其有机质垂直分布规律研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013
[7]龚子同,张甘霖,漆智平.海南岛土系概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[8]黄佳鸣,麻万诸,章明奎.闽北地区水耕人为土的发生与系统分类研究[J].土壤通报,2013,44(4):770-775
[9]杜国华,张甘霖,龚子同.长江三角洲水稻土主要土种在中国土壤系统分类中的归属[J].土壤,2007,39(5):684-691
[10]王振健.成都平原主要水耕人为土土系划分研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2002
[11]曲潇琳,龙怀玉,谢平,等.宁夏中部地区典型灰钙土的发育特性及系统分类研究[J].土壤学报,2018,55(1):75-87
[12]欧阳宁相,张杨珠,盛浩,等.湘东地区花岗岩红壤在中国土壤系统分类中的归属[J].土壤,2017,49(4):828-837
[13]彭涛,欧阳宁相,张亮,等.湘东板页岩发育水耕人为土的土系分类初探[J].湖南农业科学,2017(5):43-47,52
[14]彭涛,欧阳宁相,张亮,等.湘东花岗岩发育水稻土在中国系统分类中的归属[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(10):1726-1732
[15]庄云,武小净,李德成,等.湘南和湘西烟田土壤系统分类及其与烤烟香型之间的关系[J].土壤,2014,46(1):151-157
[16]湖南省农业厅.湖南土种志[M].北京:农业出版社,1987
[17]张甘霖,李德成.野外土壤描述与采样手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2017
[18]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000
[19]张慧智,史学正,于东升,等.中国土壤温度的空间预测研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(1):2-7
[20]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤系统分类课题组,中国土壤系统分类课题研究协作组.中国土壤系统分类检索[M].3版.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2001
[21]张甘霖,王秋兵,张凤荣,等.中国土壤系统分类土族和土系的划分标准[J].土壤学报,2013,50(7):826-834
[22]王洋,齐晓宁.德惠市农田黑土肥力评价及施肥措施研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):26-30
[23]崔潇潇,高原,吕贻忠.北京市大兴区土壤肥力的空间变异[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(9):327-333
[24]张杨珠,黄运湘,王翠红,等.菜园土壤肥力特征与蔬菜硝酸盐污染的控制技术[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,30(3):229-232
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