美国国家科学基金资助项目信息的研究热点识别——以石墨烯为例
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摘要
与传统的科技文献相比,基金项目信息中包括的信息更具有时效性、前瞻性和战略性,有助于发掘潜在的科技信息。运用文本分析和技术挖掘方法分析石墨烯这一新兴技术领域在美国国家科学基金的项目资助信息,探索石墨烯当前在美国主要的研究领域和关键的研究热点及其变迁。研究发现:美国学者对于石墨烯在电子、光学、磁设备和凝聚态物理学领域的研究持续升温;二维材料、光学性质、能量储存、拓扑绝缘体、异质结构、表面化学和基于石墨烯的材料等研究是石墨烯技术领域的研究热点。
Compared to scientific publications, the funded projects offers much more valuable information, which contribute to the discovering of potential technology topics. This paper introduces text analysis and tech mining methods to analyze the National Science Foundation(NSF) funded project data, and illustrates Graphene to explore the evolution of the main research fields and the research hot spots. The results show that US researchers pay more attention to Electronics, Photonics, and Magnetic Devices(EPMD) field and Condensed Matter Physics(CMP) field; The emerging research topics of Graphene are mainly related to two-dimensional materials, optical properties, energy storage, topological insulators, heterostructures, surface chemistry and Graphene-based materials.
Compared to scientific publications, the funded projects offers much more valuable information, which contribute to the discovering of potential technology topics. This paper introduces text analysis and tech mining methods to analyze the National Science Foundation(NSF) funded project data, and illustrates Graphene to explore the evolution of the main research fields and the research hot spots. The results show that US researchers pay more attention to Electronics, Photonics, and Magnetic Devices(EPMD) field and Condensed Matter Physics(CMP) field; The emerging research topics of Graphene are mainly related to two-dimensional materials, optical properties, energy storage, topological insulators, heterostructures, surface chemistry and Graphene-based materials.
引文
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[16]BLONDEL V D,GUILLAUME J L,LAMBIOTTE R,et al.Fast unfolding of communities in large networks[J].Journal of Statistical Mechanics:Theory and Experiment,2008(10):10008
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[18]李将辉,王硕.让自然科学基金成为引领基础研究的灯塔——专访全国人大代表、国家自然科学基金委员会主任杨卫院士[N].人民政协报,2013-03-10(A7)
[2]彭科峰.我国科研热点被指落后国际8年[N].中国科学报,2012-08-09(1)
[3]MADSEN LYNNETTE D,ASHLEY A WHITE.Investments in ceramic science,engineering and education for sustainability by the USA National Science Foundation[J].Journal of Electroceramics,2014,32(1):60-65
[4]WEEKS P.Engineering technology education and the National Science Foundation:opportunities[J].Journal of Engineering Technology,2000,17(2):13-15
[5]GOODSON C,EZELL S,MIERTSCHIN S.Engineering technology education and the National Science Foundation:results[J].Journal of Engineering Technology,2000,17(2):16-23
[6]KAMENETZKY JULIA R.Opportunities for impact:statistical analysis of the National Science Foundation’s broader impacts criterion[J].Science and Public Policy,2013,40(1):72-84
[7]BANILOWER ERIC R,DANIEL J HECK,IRIS R WEISS.Can professional development make the vision of the standards a reality?The impact of the national science foundation's local systemic change through teacher enhancement initiative[J].Journal of Research in Science Teaching,2007,44(3):375-395
[8]樊春良,朱蔚彤.关于国家科学基金的公共和社会服务职能的探讨[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2008(2):5-8,46
[9]龚旭.美国国家科学基金会的同行评议制度及其启示[J].中国科学基金,2004(6):55-58
[10]张济洲.美国高校科研经费分配的同行评议:本质、局限与改进——以美国国家科学基金会(NSF)资助为例[J].中国高教研究,2011(10):40-42
[11]沈新尹.关于对美国国家科学基金会基础研究绩效评价若干方法的思考[J].中国科学基金,2001(5):59-62
[12]华薇娜,闫苗苗,刘芳.美国国家科学基金会的绩效评估工具的方法和价值——以2007年评估结果为例[J].甘肃社会科学,2011(4):48-52
[13]张嶷,汪雪锋,朱东华,等.“主题词簇”方法研究——英文科技文献主题词清洗、合并与聚类[J].科学学研究,2013,31(11):1615-1622
[14]BOYACK K W,NEWMAN D,DUHON R J,et al.Clustering more than two million biomedical publications:comparing the accuracies of nine text-based similarity approaches[J].Plos One,2011,6(3):1451-1454
[15]胡光元,唐莉,刘云.中美在石墨烯领域的研究轨迹及政策建议[J].科研管理,2014,35(4):68-75
[16]BLONDEL V D,GUILLAUME J L,LAMBIOTTE R,et al.Fast unfolding of communities in large networks[J].Journal of Statistical Mechanics:Theory and Experiment,2008(10):10008
[17]HUANG Y,ZHANG Y,YOUTIE J,et al.How does national scientific funding support emerging interdisciplinary research?A comparison study of big data research in the US and China[J].Plos One,2016,11(5):e0154509
[18]李将辉,王硕.让自然科学基金成为引领基础研究的灯塔——专访全国人大代表、国家自然科学基金委员会主任杨卫院士[N].人民政协报,2013-03-10(A7)