知识异质性对创新绩效影响的中介效应分析
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摘要
知识异质性可以通过组织内部知识协同行为(I-KCB)和组织内部非知识协同行为(I-NKCB)的中介作用对创新绩效产生影响。探究其内在机理对于组织而言,具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。文章设计调查问卷、收集数据,并利用结构方程模型对提出的假设进行实证分析。研究结果表明,知识异质性对组织I-KCB、I-NKCB均有显著的正向促进作用;组织I-KCB对创新绩效有很强的正向促进作用,而组织I-NKCB对创新绩效没有显著的相关性,但I-NKCB对I-KCB具有一定的负向影响,因此,知识异质性一方面可以通过I-KCB的中介效应对创新绩效产生正向影响,另一方面则通过"I-NKCB→I-KCB"的中介效应对创新绩效产生负向影响。
Through the mediating role of internal knowledge collaboration behavior(I-KCB) and internal nonknowledge collaboration behavior(I-NKCB), knowledge heterogeneity could exert an influence on innovation performance,the mechanism of which is of great theoretical and practical significance. The questionnaire method is adopted to collect relevant data,and the structural equation model is used to make an empirical analysis of the hypotheses proposed. It is shown that knowledge heterogeneity has a significant positive effect on I-KCB and INKCB;I-KCB has a strong positive effect on innovation performance; I-NKCB has no significant correlation to the innovation performance,but it has a negative effect on I-KCB. Therefore,knowledge heterogeneity can have a positive influence on innovation performance through the intermediary effect of I-KCB,and have a negative impact on innovation performance through the mediating effect of "I-NKCB→I-KCB"as well.
Through the mediating role of internal knowledge collaboration behavior(I-KCB) and internal nonknowledge collaboration behavior(I-NKCB), knowledge heterogeneity could exert an influence on innovation performance,the mechanism of which is of great theoretical and practical significance. The questionnaire method is adopted to collect relevant data,and the structural equation model is used to make an empirical analysis of the hypotheses proposed. It is shown that knowledge heterogeneity has a significant positive effect on I-KCB and INKCB;I-KCB has a strong positive effect on innovation performance; I-NKCB has no significant correlation to the innovation performance,but it has a negative effect on I-KCB. Therefore,knowledge heterogeneity can have a positive influence on innovation performance through the intermediary effect of I-KCB,and have a negative impact on innovation performance through the mediating effect of "I-NKCB→I-KCB"as well.
引文
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[35]荣泰生.AMOS与研究方法[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009:77-82.
[36]王保进.多变量分析:统计软件与数据分析[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2007:94.
[37]赖国毅,陈超.SPSS 17.0中文版常用功能与应用实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:318.
[38]邱皓政,林碧芳.结构方程模型的原理与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009:73-89.
[2]Laurie Gloge,Paula Howell,Harlan Hugh,et al.Knowledge Collaboration for IT Support[J].HDI SABPaper,2009:1-29.
[3]佟泽华.知识协同的内涵探析[J].情报理论与实践,2011(11):11-15.
[4]刘济群.用户隐私关注视角下的社交媒体功能接受异质性研究[J].图书馆论坛,2016(11):16-26.
[5]Louadi M E.Knowledge Heterogeneity and Social Network Analysis Towards Conceptual and Measurement Clarifications[J].Knowledge Management Research&Practice,2008,6(3):199-213.
[6]Felin T,Hesterly W S.The Knowledge-Based View,Nested Heterogeneity,and New Value Creation:Philosophical Considerations on the Locus of Knowledge[J].Academy of Management Review,2007,32(1):195-218.
[7]Peter Karn覬e,Raghu Garud.Path Creation:Cocreation of Heterogeneous Resources in the Emergence of the Danish Wind Turbine Cluster[J].European Planning Studies,2012,20(5):733-752.
[8]Cukierman P D.Persistent Knowledge Specialisation and Intra-Industry Heterogeneity:an Analysis of the Spanish Pharmaceutical Industry[J].Research Policy,2005,34(1):33-45.
[9]邢蕊,周建林,王国红.创业团队知识异质性与创业绩效关系的实证研究---基于认知复杂性和知识基础的调节作用[J].预测,2017(1):1-7.
[10]Van K D,De Dreu C K,Homan A C.Work Group Diversity and Group Performance:An Integrative Model and Research Agenda[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2004,89(6):1008-1022.
[11]Anklam P.Knowledge Management:The Collaboration Thread[J].Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science&Technology,2002(6):8-11.
[12]倪旭东,项小霞,姚春序.团队异质性的平衡性对团队创造力的影响[J].心理学报,2016(5):556-565.
[13]杨隽萍,彭学兵,廖亭亭.网络异质性、知识异质性与新创企业创新[J].情报科学,2015(4):40-45.
[14]Koch A.Firm internal Knowledge Integration and the Effects on Innovation[J].Journal of Knowledge Management,2011,15(6):393-407.
[15]Heyden M L M,Sidhu J S,Van Den Bosch F A J,et al.Top Management Team Search and New Knowledge Creation:How Top Management Team Experience Diversity and Shared Vision Influence Innovation[J].International Studies of Management&Organization,2012,42(4):27-51.
[16]佟泽华,韩春花.非知识协同行为的内涵解析[J].情报理论与实践,2016(5):5-11.
[17]Lovelace K,Shapiro D L,Weingart L R.Maximizing Cross-Functional New Product Teams'Innovativeness and Constraint Adherence:A Conflict Communications Perspective[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,44(4):779-793.
[18]Hambrick D C,Mason P A.Upper Echelons:The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,1984,9(2):193-206.
[19]Miller C C,Burke L M,Glick W H.Cognitive Diversity among Upperechelon Executives:Implications for Strategic Decision Processes[J].Strategic Management Journal,1998,19(1):39-58.
[20]段光,杨忠.知识异质性对团队创新的作用机制分析[J].管理学报,2014(1):86-94.
[21]Dahlin K B,Weingart L R,Hinds P J.Team Diversity and Information Use[J].Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(6):1107-1123.
[22]Hohberger J,Almeida P,Parada P.The Direction of Firm Innovation:The Contrasting Roles of Strategic Alliances and Individual Scientific Collaborations[J].Research Policy,2015,44(8):1473-1487.
[23]Chung Y,Jackson S E.The Internal and External Networks of Knowledge-Intensive Teams:The Role of Task Routineness[J].Journal of Management,2013,39(2):442-468.
[24]Grimpe C,Kaiser U.Balancing Internal and External Knowledge Acquisition:The Gains and Pains from R&D Outsourcing[J].Journal of Management Studies,2010,47(8):1483-1509.
[25]Matson E,Patiath P,Shavers T.Stimulating Knowledge Sharing:Strengthening Your Organization’s Internal Knowledge Market[J].Organizational Dynamics,2003,32(3):275-285.
[26]佟泽华,韩春花.环境扰动对创新活动中非知识协同行为和知识协同行为的影响[J].科技进步与对策,2017(13):136-143.
[27]Rechberg I,Syed J.Ethical Issues in Knowledge Management:Conflict of Knowledge Ownership[J].Journal of Knowledge Management,2013,17(6):828-847.
[28]Carlile PR.Transferring,Translating,and Transforming:An Integrative Framework for Managing Knowledge Across Boundaries[J].Organization Science,2004,15(5):555-568.
[29]Long D D,Seemann P.Confronting Conceptual Confusion and Conflict in Knowledge Management[J].Organizational Dynamics,2000,29(1):33-44.
[30]Amason A C.Distinguishing the Effects of Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict on Strategic Decision Making:Resolving a Paradox for Top Management Teams[J].Academy of Management Journal,1996,39(1):123-148.
[31]Jehn K A.Affective and Cognitive Conflict in Work Groups:Increasing Performance Through Value-based Intragroup Conflict[M]//Using Conflict in Organizations.London:Sage,1997:87-100.
[32]Olson B J,Parayitam S,Bao Y.Strategic Decision Making:The Effects of Cognitive Diversity,Conflict,and Trust on Decision Outcomes[J].Journal of Management,2007,33(2):196-222.
[33]Wilson J A,Jerrell S L.Conflict:Malignant,Beneficial,or Benign[J].New Directions for Higher Education,1981(35):105-123.
[34]林震岩.多变量分析---SPSS的操作与应用[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2007:183-186.
[35]荣泰生.AMOS与研究方法[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009:77-82.
[36]王保进.多变量分析:统计软件与数据分析[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2007:94.
[37]赖国毅,陈超.SPSS 17.0中文版常用功能与应用实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:318.
[38]邱皓政,林碧芳.结构方程模型的原理与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009:73-89.