基于水分和原位电导率的西宁盆地盐渍土含盐量估算模型
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摘要
为了探讨西宁盆地黄土状盐渍土导电特性与土体本身含水率和含盐量之间的关系,该文在土体洗盐试验基础上,测得了不同含水率和含盐量条件下黄土状盐渍土电导率,分析了土体电导率与含水率、含盐量之间的相互关系和作用机理;在此基础上,建立了土体电导率与含水率、含盐量之间的多元回归模型。结果表明,在土体含盐量一定条件下随着土体含水率增加土体电导率呈逐渐增大的变化趋势,且二者之间符合幂函数关系;土体含盐量愈高条件下土体含水率增加对电导率的影响则愈为显著。在土体含水率一定的条件下,土体电导率随着含盐量增加呈逐渐增大的变化趋势,且二者之间符合线性函数关系;当土体含水率相对较高时,含盐量增加对电导率的影响程度亦较为显著。对建立的区内黄土状盐渍土电导率与含水率、含盐量之间的多元回归模型(R2=0.995)进行验证,相对误差在10%之内,表明模型可有效确定含水率大于5%且小于25%(?5.52%)及含盐量为0.18%～2.18%条件下黄土状盐渍土的含盐量。研究成果对研究区及其周边地区黄土状盐渍土其盐渍化程度划分、工程地质特性评价,以及土体盐渍化等地质灾害现象的科学防治具有理论研究价值和工程指导意义。
Xining Basin, located on the western margin of the Loess Plateaus, is characterized by rich saline soils. This study explored the electrical conductivity characteristics of loess saline soil and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity, soil water content and soil salt content in Xining Basin. The soil samples were collected from the test area. Due to the soil saline was not evenly distributed, we prepared the samples based on the collected soil after salt-leaching. Before salt leaching, the soil was of medium degree of salinization but after salt leaching it was of weak degree of salinization. The soils after salt leaching were mixed with different content of anhydrous sodium sulfate to form samples with different salt contents(0.18%, 0.68%, 1.18%, 1.68% and 2.18%). For each sample, different water content was designed(5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%). FJA-10 soil salt sensor and CD-12 intelligent salt conductivity instrument were used to measure the electrical conductivity of loess saline soil samples under different soil water content and soil salt content conditions. The relationship between soil electrical conductivity, water content and salt content were analyzed. On this basis, the regression model between electrical conductivity, water content and salt content of loess saline soil was established. The results showed that the soil electrical conductivity increased gradually with the increase of soil water content from 5.00% to 25.00% under the conditions of 0.18% to 2.18% salt content, and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity and water content conformed to power function. With the increase of soil salt content, the increasing range of soil electrical conductivity increased with the increase of water content. For the soil with high salt content, the effect of increasing water content on soil electrical conductivity was more significant. When the soil water content increased from 5.00% to 25.00%, with the increase of soil salt content from 0.18% to 2.18%, the soil electrical conductivity also showed a gradual increase trend, and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity and salt content was in a linear function. When the soil water content was relatively low, the increase of soil salt content had a relatively small impact on soil electrical conductivity; when the soil water content was relatively high, the increase of soil salt content showed a relatively significant effect on soil electrical conductivity. A regression model based on water content, salt content and their interaction was established and the model was built with a high determination coefficient R2 of 0.995 and the t test showed that the model coefficient was significant for the model. After transformation, a salt content estimation model was obtained. By validation, the relative error of actual and calculated salt content was less than 10%, indicating that the model was reliable for salt content estimation in Xining Basin. The model can be used to estimate the soil salt content quickly and effectively when the water content was higher than 5% and less than 25%(not equal to 5.52%) and the salt content was between 0.18% and 2.18%. The results of this study provides an effective model for salt content estimation in Xining Basin. It is of guiding significance for division of salinization degree, evaluation of engineering geological characteristics and scientific prevention and control of geological hazards such as soil salinization of loess saline soil in the study area and its surrounding areas.
Xining Basin, located on the western margin of the Loess Plateaus, is characterized by rich saline soils. This study explored the electrical conductivity characteristics of loess saline soil and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity, soil water content and soil salt content in Xining Basin. The soil samples were collected from the test area. Due to the soil saline was not evenly distributed, we prepared the samples based on the collected soil after salt-leaching. Before salt leaching, the soil was of medium degree of salinization but after salt leaching it was of weak degree of salinization. The soils after salt leaching were mixed with different content of anhydrous sodium sulfate to form samples with different salt contents(0.18%, 0.68%, 1.18%, 1.68% and 2.18%). For each sample, different water content was designed(5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%). FJA-10 soil salt sensor and CD-12 intelligent salt conductivity instrument were used to measure the electrical conductivity of loess saline soil samples under different soil water content and soil salt content conditions. The relationship between soil electrical conductivity, water content and salt content were analyzed. On this basis, the regression model between electrical conductivity, water content and salt content of loess saline soil was established. The results showed that the soil electrical conductivity increased gradually with the increase of soil water content from 5.00% to 25.00% under the conditions of 0.18% to 2.18% salt content, and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity and water content conformed to power function. With the increase of soil salt content, the increasing range of soil electrical conductivity increased with the increase of water content. For the soil with high salt content, the effect of increasing water content on soil electrical conductivity was more significant. When the soil water content increased from 5.00% to 25.00%, with the increase of soil salt content from 0.18% to 2.18%, the soil electrical conductivity also showed a gradual increase trend, and the relationship between soil electrical conductivity and salt content was in a linear function. When the soil water content was relatively low, the increase of soil salt content had a relatively small impact on soil electrical conductivity; when the soil water content was relatively high, the increase of soil salt content showed a relatively significant effect on soil electrical conductivity. A regression model based on water content, salt content and their interaction was established and the model was built with a high determination coefficient R2 of 0.995 and the t test showed that the model coefficient was significant for the model. After transformation, a salt content estimation model was obtained. By validation, the relative error of actual and calculated salt content was less than 10%, indicating that the model was reliable for salt content estimation in Xining Basin. The model can be used to estimate the soil salt content quickly and effectively when the water content was higher than 5% and less than 25%(not equal to 5.52%) and the salt content was between 0.18% and 2.18%. The results of this study provides an effective model for salt content estimation in Xining Basin. It is of guiding significance for division of salinization degree, evaluation of engineering geological characteristics and scientific prevention and control of geological hazards such as soil salinization of loess saline soil in the study area and its surrounding areas.
引文
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[2]李玲.盐渍土电阻率特性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.Li Ling.Research on Electrical Resistivity Characteristics of Saline Soil[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]肖泽岸,赖远明.冻融和干湿循环下盐渍土水盐迁移规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(S1):3738-3746.Xiao Zean,Lai Yuanming.Study on water and salt transfer mechanism in saline soil under freezing-thawing and dry-wet conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(S1):3738-3746.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]左丽明.唐山市丰南沿海地区土壤电导率与含盐量的关系[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(26):10632-10642.Zuo Liming.Relationship between soil conductivity and saltness in Tangshan Fengnan coastal area[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2013,41(26):10632-10642.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]吕前辉,柴寿喜,李敏.多因素影响下石灰固化盐渍土抗剪性能的试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2017,44(6):89-95.LüQianhui,Chai Shouxi,Li Min.An experimental study of the shear properties of the solidified saline soil with lime concerning under the influence of multiple factors[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2017,44(6):89-95.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]王宁,王清,霍珍生,等.盐分与压实度对盐渍土起始冻胀含水率的影响[J].工程地质学报,2016,24(5):951-958.Wang Ning,Wang Qing,Huo Zhensheng,et al.Influence of salt and compaction on critical water content of frost heaving of saline soil[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2016,24(5):951-958.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]刘梅先,杨劲松.土壤盐分的原位测定方法[J].土壤,2011,43(5):688-697.Liu Meixian,Yang Jinsong.In-situ determination methods for soil salinity[J].Soils,2011,43(5):688-697.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]孙宇瑞.土壤含水率和盐分对土壤电导率的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2000,5(4):39-41.Sun Yurui.Experimental survey for the effects of soil water content and soil salinity on soil electrical conductivity[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2000,5(4):39-41.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]Rhoades J D,Manteghi N A,Shouse P J,et al.Soil electrical conductivity and soil salinity:New formulations and calibrations[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1989,53(2):433-439.
[10]Rhoades J D,Corwin D L.Soil electrical conductivity:Effects of soil properties and application to soil salinity appraisal[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,1990,21(11/12):837-860.
[11]Hanson B R,Kaita K.Response of electromagnetic conductivity meter to soil salinity and soil-water content[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,1997,123(2):141-143.
[12]李瑛,龚晓南,郭彪,等.电渗软黏土电导率特性及其导电机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增2):4027-4032.Li Ying,Gong Xiaonan,Guo Biao,et al.Research on conductivity characteristics of soft clay during electro-osmosis and its conductive mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Supp.2):4027-4032.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]刘旭,迟春明.盐渍土饱和泥浆与其浸提液间电导率换算关系研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(4):881-883.Liu Xu,Chi Chunming.Conversion relationship between electrical conductivities of salt-affected soil saturated paste and its extract[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2016,55(4):881-883.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]刘旭,迟春明.盐渍土溶液电导率与渗透势换算关系及其在盐度分级中的应用[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(10):2481-2484.Liu Xu,Chi Chunming.Relationship between osmotic potential and electrical conductivity of salt-affected soil solutions and its application on salinity degree of saltaffected soil[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2016,55(10):2481-2484.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]祁兆鑫,付江涛,刘亚斌,等.寒旱环境4种草本和灌木植物耐盐性试验研究[J].盐湖研究,2017,25(3):18-28.Qi Zhaoxin,Fu Jiangtao,Liu Yabin,et al.Research on salinity tolerance of four herbs and shrubs in cold and arid environments[J].Joural of Salt Lake research,2017,25(3):18-28.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]Wang Li,Yu Haiying,Zhang Qiang,et al.Responses of aboveground biomass of alpine grasslands to climate changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(12):1953-1964.
[17]刘亚斌,余冬梅,付江涛,等.黄土区灌木柠条锦鸡儿根-土间摩擦力学机制试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(10):198-205.Liu Yabin,Yu Dongmei,Fu Jiangtao,et al.Experimental study on root-soil friction mechanical of Caragana korshinskii Kom.mechanism in loess area[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2017,33(10):198-205.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]王智明.西宁黄土状盐渍土地区工程建设中值的重视的问题[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2010,21(3):79-82.Wang Zhiming.The problems of great importance in the project construction of the region of loess-like saline soil in Xining[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2010,21(3):79-82.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]徐安花,房建宏,王新燕.青海地区盐渍土土基回弹模量E0值影响因素研究[J].公路工程,2017,42(6):292-294.Xu Anhua,Fang Jianhong,Wang Xinyan.E0 Influence factors research of salinized soil in Qinghai area[J].Highway Engineering,2017,42(6):292-294.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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