盐胁迫对2种菠萝蜜属植物幼苗生长及光合荧光特性的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究盐胁迫对2种菠萝蜜属植物幼苗生长和光合荧光特性的影响,为热带盐碱地开发利用,发展岛礁特色农业提供参考。【方法】以两种菠萝蜜属植物菠萝蜜(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)和面包果(Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg)为材料,采用沙培法,从3叶期开始进行盐胁迫(处理设为T0—T4,盐浓度分别为0、3.4、10.2、17.0和23.8 g·kg~(-1)),研究盐胁迫下菠萝蜜和面包果幼苗生长、光合及叶绿素荧光参数的变化。【结果】盐胁迫显著抑制菠萝蜜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量和生物量积累,对面包果的抑制作用小于菠萝蜜。盐胁迫使菠萝蜜叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)降低,气孔抑制率(Ls)增加,面包果的变化幅度较菠萝蜜小。高盐胁迫(盐浓度>17.0 g·kg~(-1))显著抑制菠萝蜜叶片光化学猝灭系数(qP)、光系统Ⅱ活性(Fv/Fo)、潜在最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光能转换效率(ΦPSⅡ)、相对电子传递效率(rETR);使面包果叶片qP、非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)、ΦPSⅡ和rETR显著下降。叶绿素含量与光合参数呈显著正相关关系。盐胁迫、叶绿素含量和净光合速率以及它们之间交互作用解释作物生物量变化的比例为35.6%。【结论】盐胁迫显著抑制菠萝蜜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、光合参数和生物量积累;面包果的光合参数和生物量在高浓度盐胁迫下较敏感。盐胁迫、叶绿素含量和净光合速率的变化与两种菠萝蜜属植物生物量变化密切相关。
【Objective】The effects of salt stress on the growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of the seedlings of two Artocarpus species were studied in order to provide a reference for the utilization of tropical saline-alkali land and the development of characteristic agriculture on islands. 【Method】 Jackfruit and breadfruit, two Artocarpus varieties, were selected and cultivated in sea sand. The sea water solution was applied at 3-leaf full expanding stage and the salt concentration was 0, 3.4, 10.2,17.0 and 23.8 g·kg~(-1), named as T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The variation of growth, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress were investigated. 【Result】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content and biomass accumulation of jackfruit, and the inhibition effect on breadfruit was less than that of jackfruit. The parameters, including net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci) and transpiration rate(Tr) of jackfruit, were decreased under salt stress, while the stomatal inhibition(Ls) was increased. The parameters of breadfruit changed less than that of jackfruit. High salt stress(salt concentration>17.0 g·kg~(-1))significantly inhibited the photochemical quenching coefficient(q P), PSII activity(Fv/Fo), potential maximum light energy conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm), actual light energy conversion efficiency(ΦPSⅡ), relative electron transfer efficiency(rETR) of jackfruit, and significantly decreased qP, non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ), ΦPSⅡ and rETR of breadfruit. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters. The proportion of salt stress,chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and their mutual interaction to explain the change of biomass was 35.6%. 【Conclusion】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass of jackfruit seedlings,while the photosynthetic parameters and biomass of breadfruit were sensitive to high salt stress. The changes of salt stress,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were closely related to the biomass variation of two Artocarpus varieties.
【Objective】The effects of salt stress on the growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of the seedlings of two Artocarpus species were studied in order to provide a reference for the utilization of tropical saline-alkali land and the development of characteristic agriculture on islands. 【Method】 Jackfruit and breadfruit, two Artocarpus varieties, were selected and cultivated in sea sand. The sea water solution was applied at 3-leaf full expanding stage and the salt concentration was 0, 3.4, 10.2,17.0 and 23.8 g·kg~(-1), named as T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The variation of growth, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence of jackfruit and breadfruit seedlings under salt stress were investigated. 【Result】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content and biomass accumulation of jackfruit, and the inhibition effect on breadfruit was less than that of jackfruit. The parameters, including net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci) and transpiration rate(Tr) of jackfruit, were decreased under salt stress, while the stomatal inhibition(Ls) was increased. The parameters of breadfruit changed less than that of jackfruit. High salt stress(salt concentration>17.0 g·kg~(-1))significantly inhibited the photochemical quenching coefficient(q P), PSII activity(Fv/Fo), potential maximum light energy conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm), actual light energy conversion efficiency(ΦPSⅡ), relative electron transfer efficiency(rETR) of jackfruit, and significantly decreased qP, non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ), ΦPSⅡ and rETR of breadfruit. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters. The proportion of salt stress,chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and their mutual interaction to explain the change of biomass was 35.6%. 【Conclusion】 Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters and biomass of jackfruit seedlings,while the photosynthetic parameters and biomass of breadfruit were sensitive to high salt stress. The changes of salt stress,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were closely related to the biomass variation of two Artocarpus varieties.
引文
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