四川资阳及川南经济区2010-2014年创伤患者院前救治流行病学特征调查研究
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摘要
目的:研究2010-2014年四川资阳及川南经济区院前急救创伤患者流行病学特征,为预防创伤发生及提高救治率提供依据。方法:分析116 088例院前急救患者的性别、年龄、出诊地区、时间、致伤原因及死亡患者病例资料。结果:创伤患者中男性占60.09%,高于女性的39.91%(P<0.05)。25～44岁年龄段患者最多(25.13%),15～24岁最少(8.17%)(P<0.05)。出诊地区以雁江区分布最多(60.64%),出诊时间7月份人数最多(9.23%)(P<0.05),一天的3个高峰期为9:00～9:59(5.92%)、16:00～16:59(5.93%)和20:00～21:00(6.31%)(P<0.05),主要致伤原因为车祸伤(34.03%)。死亡患者共1134例(0.98%),其中588例(48.15%)现场死亡,男性(55.56%)多于女性(44.44%)(P<0.05),45～59岁年龄段人数最多(27.78%)(P<0.05),主要致死原因为车祸伤(31.48%)(P<0.05)。结论:四川资阳及川南经济区创伤高发,创伤所致死亡率为48.15%,好发人群为青壮年男性,车祸伤是主要致伤致死原因,且高发时间每年的7月份及每天的20:00～21:00点,雁江区为高发地。针对高危地区和人群采取相关措施,从各种层面减少创伤的发生。
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of prehospital trauma patientsin Ziyang and Southern Sichuan economic zone from 2010 to 2014 providing scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of trauma and improving the treatment rate. Methods:The data of sex, age, visiting area, time, cause of injury and case of death in 116088 cases of prehospital care were analyzed statistically.Results:60.09% of the trauma patients were male which was higher than that of women(39.91%). The majority of patients aged 25～44 years(25.13%) and 15～24 years old were the least(8.17%). The area was most distributed in the area of Yanjiang District(60.64%)(P<0.05), and the number of trauma in July per year was the most(9.23%)(P<0.05). The peak period of one day was 9:00～9:59(5.92%), 16:00～16:59(5.93%), and 20:00～21:00(6.31%). The main cause of injury was accident injury(34.03%). The number of death patients was 1134(0.98%),588(48.15%) of which died at the scene, males(55.56%) were more than women(44.44%), the 45-59 age group was the largest(27.78%)(P<0.05), and the main cause of death was accident injury(31.48%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ziyang and Southern Sichuan economic zone has high incidence of trauma, most of which more occur in young male adults. The traffic accident is the main cause of death, The time of high incidence is July and 20:00～21:00.The Yanjiang district is the high incidence place.Therefore, It is necessary to strengthen the traffic control in this period, strengthen the manpower and materials of first aid, reducing the incidence and mortality of trauma.
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of prehospital trauma patientsin Ziyang and Southern Sichuan economic zone from 2010 to 2014 providing scientific basis for preventing the occurrence of trauma and improving the treatment rate. Methods:The data of sex, age, visiting area, time, cause of injury and case of death in 116088 cases of prehospital care were analyzed statistically.Results:60.09% of the trauma patients were male which was higher than that of women(39.91%). The majority of patients aged 25～44 years(25.13%) and 15～24 years old were the least(8.17%). The area was most distributed in the area of Yanjiang District(60.64%)(P<0.05), and the number of trauma in July per year was the most(9.23%)(P<0.05). The peak period of one day was 9:00～9:59(5.92%), 16:00～16:59(5.93%), and 20:00～21:00(6.31%). The main cause of injury was accident injury(34.03%). The number of death patients was 1134(0.98%),588(48.15%) of which died at the scene, males(55.56%) were more than women(44.44%), the 45-59 age group was the largest(27.78%)(P<0.05), and the main cause of death was accident injury(31.48%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ziyang and Southern Sichuan economic zone has high incidence of trauma, most of which more occur in young male adults. The traffic accident is the main cause of death, The time of high incidence is July and 20:00～21:00.The Yanjiang district is the high incidence place.Therefore, It is necessary to strengthen the traffic control in this period, strengthen the manpower and materials of first aid, reducing the incidence and mortality of trauma.
引文
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[12] 杨芳,索朗曲扎,朱丽英,等.我市2017年院前急救流行病学特征分析[J].西藏医药,2018,39(5):85-86,79.
[13] 陈唯,梁永晴,张湛,等.46336例老年患者院前急救流行病学分析[J].中国卫生统计,2017,34(4):629-631.
[2] 喻依川,赵小刚,荣科,等.2008-2014年度重庆市永川区院前急救流行病学变化趋势分析[J].重庆医学,2016,45(10):1383-1385.
[3] 张婷婷,刘文生,张媛,等.乌鲁木齐市2011-2015年院前急救流行病学调查[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(7):521-526.
[4] Scerbo MH,Holcomb JB,Taub E.The trauma center is too late:Major limb trauma without a pre-hospital tourniquet has increased death from hemorrhagic shock[J].J Trauma Acute Care Surg,2017,83(6):1165-1172.
[5] 马宏飞,肖开提·依布拉音,等.乌鲁木齐市2011-2012年院前急救创伤流行病学分析[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(12):1380-1383.
[6] 曾朝涛,郑光辉,周天恩,等.VIP市中心城区医院2016年院前急救情况分析[J].岭南急诊医学杂志,2017,22(5):415-417,434.
[7] 姜钰,吴新宝.我国创伤流行病学的现状与未来[J].中华创伤骨科杂志,2014,16(2):165-168.
[8] 李刚.2014-2016年急性创伤患者的流行病学特点及救治情况分析[J].中国病案,2017,18(6):74-77.
[9] 秦永辉,马涛,马永强.某医院2010-2016年创伤患者救治及流行病学特征分析[J].世界最新医学信息文摘,2018,18(32):140-141.
[10] Patel A,Prabhakaran D,Berendsen M,et al.Pre-hospital policies for the care of patients with acute coronary syndromes in India:A policy document analysis[J].Indian Heart J,2017,69(Suppl1):S12-S19.
[11] 莫强.探讨初级创伤救治原则在院前急救中的应用[J].中国继续医学教育,2018,10(23):71-72.
[12] 杨芳,索朗曲扎,朱丽英,等.我市2017年院前急救流行病学特征分析[J].西藏医药,2018,39(5):85-86,79.
[13] 陈唯,梁永晴,张湛,等.46336例老年患者院前急救流行病学分析[J].中国卫生统计,2017,34(4):629-631.