川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段白云岩储层胶结物对早期孔隙的影响
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摘要
利用薄片、阴极发光、探针微量元素、激光碳氧同位素及包裹体测温等资料,在龙门山前中三叠统雷口坡组四段上亚段白云岩储层中主要识别出3期5种胶结物,在对不同期次和不同种类胶结物特征及分布特征研究的基础上,结合胶结物的发育程度,还原了胶结物对龙门山前雷四上亚段不同类型白云岩储层孔隙演化的影响过程。研究认为:第一期浅埋藏白云石胶结物形成是藻类白云岩储层孔隙破坏的主要阶段,但这期胶结物产生后对残余孔隙起支撑作用,有利于大量早期孔隙保存;在第一期胶结物充填基础上叠加第二期表生期渗流砂充填,破坏部分藻类白云岩早期残余孔隙;第三期再埋藏含铁嵌晶方解石胶结是晶粒白云岩储层孔隙破坏的主要原因,在藻类白云岩储层中,该期胶结物不均匀分布进一步加剧了储层非均质性,但这期胶结物的产生受到烃类和油气充注的抑制,因此早期残余孔隙在漫长的再埋藏阶段得到较好保存。
Based on the analysis of thin sections, cathode luminescence, electron probe, laser carbon, oxygen isotopes and inclusion thermometry, three periods including five cement types were observed in the dolomite reservoir of the 4 th member of the Leikoupo Formation in Longmen Mountain front. Distribution characteristics and development degree indicated a reduction of the influencing process on pore cements. Phase 1 cement is dolomite. Its deposition is the main stage that leads to the porosity decline of the blue green algae agglutinate dolomite. However, after the cementation, the residual porosity has some supporting protection, and a large number of early pores are preserved. Phase 2 cement is the vadose silt that causes reservoir inhomogeneity of the blue green algae agglutinate dolomite. Phase 3 cement is the ferric calcite. These late diagenetic products generally filled in the pores of micritic-silty dolomite to further reduce the reservoir porosity, but this cement was inhibited by the organic acid. Therefore primary pores are well preserved in the long reburial stage.
Based on the analysis of thin sections, cathode luminescence, electron probe, laser carbon, oxygen isotopes and inclusion thermometry, three periods including five cement types were observed in the dolomite reservoir of the 4 th member of the Leikoupo Formation in Longmen Mountain front. Distribution characteristics and development degree indicated a reduction of the influencing process on pore cements. Phase 1 cement is dolomite. Its deposition is the main stage that leads to the porosity decline of the blue green algae agglutinate dolomite. However, after the cementation, the residual porosity has some supporting protection, and a large number of early pores are preserved. Phase 2 cement is the vadose silt that causes reservoir inhomogeneity of the blue green algae agglutinate dolomite. Phase 3 cement is the ferric calcite. These late diagenetic products generally filled in the pores of micritic-silty dolomite to further reduce the reservoir porosity, but this cement was inhibited by the organic acid. Therefore primary pores are well preserved in the long reburial stage.
引文
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[18] 王琼仙,宋晓波,王东,等.川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段储层特征及形成机理[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):491-497. WANG Qiongxian,SONG Xiaobo,WANG Dong,et al.Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the 4th member of the Leikoupo Formation in Longmen Mountain front[J].Petro-leum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(4):491-497.
[19] 朱光有,张永昌,梁英波,等.TSR对深部碳酸盐岩储层的溶蚀改造:四川盆地深部碳酸盐岩优质储层形成的重要方式[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2182-2194. ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Yongchang,LIANG Yingbo,et al.Dissolution and alteration of the deep carbonate reservoirs by TSR:an important type of deep-buried high-quality carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(8):2182-2194.
[20] 鲁人齐,何登发,SUPPE J,等.龙门山中段山前带构造楔的发现及其几何学、运动学特征:对青藏高原东南缘隆升动力学机制的约束[J].地学前缘,2010,17(5):93-105. LU Renqi,HE Dengfa,SUPPE J,et al.The discovery of structural wedges in the central Longmen Mountains front belt and its geometric and kinematic characteristics:constraints on the dynamical mechanism of uplifting in the southeast margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2010,17(5):93-105.
[21] 谢刚平.川西坳陷中三叠统雷口坡组四段气藏气源分析[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(4):418-422. XIE Gangping.Source of gas reservoirs in the fourth member of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2015,37(4):418-422.
[2] 王瑞华,牟传龙,谭钦银,等.达县—宣汉地区长兴组礁滩白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2007,27(2):9-13. WANG Ruihua,MOU Chuanlong,TAN Qinyin,et al.Porosity evolution during the diagenesis of the reef shoal dolostones from the Changxing Formation in the Daxian-Xuanhan region,Sichuan[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2007,27(2):9-13.
[3] 王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川盆地西南部震旦系白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):549-554. WANG Xingzhi,MU Shuguang,FANG Shaoxian,et al.Evolution of porosity in the process of Sinian dolostone diagenesis in southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):549-554.
[4] 沈安江,周进高,辛勇光,等.四川盆地雷口坡组白云岩储层类型及成因[J].海相油气地质,2008,13(4):19-28. SHEN Anjiang ,ZHOU Jingao,XIN Yongguang ,et al.Origin of Triassic Leikoupo dolostone reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2008,13(4):19-28.
[5] 曾德铭,王兴志,康保平.川西北雷口坡组储层原生孔隙内胶结物研究[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(4):459-462. ZENG Deming,WANG Xingzhi,KANG Baoping.A study on cement in primary pore of the Leikoupo Formation reservoir in the northwest of Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(4):459-462.
[6] 曾德铭,王兴志,张帆,等.四川盆地西北部中三叠统雷口坡组储层研究[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):253-266. ZENG Deming,WANG Xingzhi,ZHANG Fan,et al.Study on reservoir of the Leikoupo Formation of Middle Triassic in northwestern Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(3):253-266.
[7] 吴世祥,李宏涛,龙胜祥,等.川西雷口坡组碳酸盐岩储层特征及成岩作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4):542-550. WU Shixiang,LI Hongtao,LONG Shengxiang,et al.A study on characteristics and diagenesis of carbonate reservoirs in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(4):542-550.
[8] 梁世友, 陈迎宾, 赵国伟, 等. 四川盆地川西坳陷雷口坡组四段稀土元素地球化学特征及意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 2017, 39(1): 94-98. LIANG Shiyou, CHEN Yingbin, ZHAO Guowei,et al. Geoche-mical characteristics of rare earth elements and their geological significance in the fourth member of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in western Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2017, 39(1): 94-98.
[9] 陈迎宾, 胡烨, 王彦青,等.大邑构造雷口坡组四段天然气成藏条件[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):25-29. CHEN Yingbin,HU Ye,WANG Yanqing,et al.Naturalgas accumulation conditions of the 4th Member in Leikoupo Formation of Dayi structure [J].SpeciaL Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(3):25-29.
[10] 马治鸾,陈洪德,钟怡江,等.四川盆地东北部元坝地区中三叠统雷口坡组四段古岩溶特征及其油气地质意义[J].地质通报,2012,31(4):577-585. MA Zhiluan,CHEN Hongde,ZHONG Yijiang,et al.Paleokarstification in carbonates of 4th member of Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin and its petroleum geolo-gical significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2012,31(4):577-585.
[11] 谢刚平.川西坳陷雷四上亚段晶粒白云岩成岩作用和孔隙演化[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2015,12(17):24-26. XIE Gangping.Diagenesis and porosity evolution of crystal grain dolomite in the upper section of the 4th member of Leikoupo Formation in the Western Sichuan Depression[J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2015,12(17):24-26.
[12] 宋晓波,王琼仙,隆轲,等.川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组古岩溶储层特征及发育主控因素[J].海相油气地质,2013,18(2):8-14. SONG Xiaobo,WANG Qiongxian,LONG Ke,et al.Characteristics and main controlling factors of Middle Triassic Leikoupo paleokarst reservoirs in western Sichuan Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2013,18(2):8-14.
[13] 唐宇.川西地区雷口坡组沉积与其顶部风化壳储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(1):42-47. TANG Yu.Characterization of the sedimentation of the Leikoupo Formation and the weathering crust reservoirs at the top of the formation in the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(1):42-47.
[14] 李蓉,许国明,宋晓波,等.川西坳陷雷四3亚段储层控制因素及孔隙演化特征[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(5):63-74. LI Rong,XU Guoming,SONG Xiaobo,et al.Reservoir characteristics and control factors of the third period of the forth Leikoupo Formation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(5):63-74.
[15] 李书兵,许国明,宋晓波.川西龙门山前构造带彭州雷口坡组大型气田的形成条件[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(3):74-82. LI Shubing,XU Guoming,SONG Xiaobo.Forming conditions of Pengzhou large gas field of Leikoupo Formation in front of Longmenshan piedmont tectonic belt,western Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(3):74-82.
[16] 陈昱林,曾炎,段永明,等.川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段白云岩储层孔隙结构特征及储层分类[J].石油实验地质,2018,40(5):621-631. CHEN Yulin,ZENG Yan,DUAN Yongming,et al.Pore structure characteristics and reservoir classification of dolomite reservoirs in fourth member of Leikoupo Formation,Longmen Mountain front,western Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2018,40(5):621-631.
[17] 李宏涛,胡向阳,史云清,等.四川盆地川西坳陷龙门山前雷口坡组四段气藏层序划分及储层发育控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(4):753-763. LI Hongtao,HU Xiangyang,SHI Yunqing,et al.Sequence division and controlling factors of reservoir development of the 4th Member of Leikoupo Formation in foreland of Longmen Mountains in the Western Sichuan Depression,Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geo-logy,2017,38(4):753-763.
[18] 王琼仙,宋晓波,王东,等.川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段储层特征及形成机理[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(4):491-497. WANG Qiongxian,SONG Xiaobo,WANG Dong,et al.Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the 4th member of the Leikoupo Formation in Longmen Mountain front[J].Petro-leum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(4):491-497.
[19] 朱光有,张永昌,梁英波,等.TSR对深部碳酸盐岩储层的溶蚀改造:四川盆地深部碳酸盐岩优质储层形成的重要方式[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2182-2194. ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Yongchang,LIANG Yingbo,et al.Dissolution and alteration of the deep carbonate reservoirs by TSR:an important type of deep-buried high-quality carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(8):2182-2194.
[20] 鲁人齐,何登发,SUPPE J,等.龙门山中段山前带构造楔的发现及其几何学、运动学特征:对青藏高原东南缘隆升动力学机制的约束[J].地学前缘,2010,17(5):93-105. LU Renqi,HE Dengfa,SUPPE J,et al.The discovery of structural wedges in the central Longmen Mountains front belt and its geometric and kinematic characteristics:constraints on the dynamical mechanism of uplifting in the southeast margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2010,17(5):93-105.
[21] 谢刚平.川西坳陷中三叠统雷口坡组四段气藏气源分析[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(4):418-422. XIE Gangping.Source of gas reservoirs in the fourth member of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2015,37(4):418-422.