天津地区某大型宠物医院犬类皮肤病流行病学调查
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摘要
为了解天津地区宠物犬感染皮肤病的发病情况,对天津地区某大型宠物医院2018年3～6月接诊的166例犬皮肤病进行流行病学调查,分别从发病犬的品种、年龄、性别、病原、绝育情况等5个方面进行了统计学分析。结果显示:接诊犬共18个品种,其中,发病率分别为贵宾犬19.28%、中华田园犬15.06%、斗牛犬13.25%;发病年龄以2岁以内的未成年犬居多,占56.02%,2～9岁成年犬及中老年犬发病较少,分别为22.89%和10.24%,10岁以上的老年犬发病率相对较高,为10.84%;雄性占62.65%,较雌性犬易感;病例多为传染性皮肤病,以真菌感染为主,且多为混合感染,其他非传染性皮肤病较少;绝育犬仅为调查总数的7.22%。结果说明天津地区3～6月间犬类的皮肤病以真菌为主,且混合感染居多,幼犬感染占比较大,本研究为宠物临床皮肤病的科学防治提供依据。
In order to know the incidence of skin diseases of pet dogs in Tianjin, an epidemiological survey was conducted on166 cases of dogs with skin diseases admitted to a large pet hospital in Tianjin from March to June 2018, and statistical analysis was conducted from 5 aspects including breed, age, gender, pathogen and sterilization of the dogs. The results showed that there were 18 breeds of dogs, among which the incidence was 19.28% for poodles, 15.06% for Chinese pastoral dogs and 13.25% for bulldogs. The incidence of juvenile dogs under the age of 2 years was the majority, accounting for 56.02%; 2-9 years old adult dogs and middle-aged and elderly dogs were less at 22.89% and 10.24%, respectively; The incidence of elderly dogs over 10 years old was relatively high at 10.84%; Males accounted for 62.65%, more susceptible than females. Most of the cases were infectious skin diseases, mainly fungal infections, mostly mixed infections, and few other non-infectious skin diseases. Neutered dogs accounted for only 7.22 percent of the total. The results showed that the skin diseases of dogs in Tianjin from March to June were mainly fungal, mixed infections were the majority, and puppy infections accounted for a large proportion. This provides the basis for scientific prevention and treatment of skin diseases in pet clinic.
In order to know the incidence of skin diseases of pet dogs in Tianjin, an epidemiological survey was conducted on166 cases of dogs with skin diseases admitted to a large pet hospital in Tianjin from March to June 2018, and statistical analysis was conducted from 5 aspects including breed, age, gender, pathogen and sterilization of the dogs. The results showed that there were 18 breeds of dogs, among which the incidence was 19.28% for poodles, 15.06% for Chinese pastoral dogs and 13.25% for bulldogs. The incidence of juvenile dogs under the age of 2 years was the majority, accounting for 56.02%; 2-9 years old adult dogs and middle-aged and elderly dogs were less at 22.89% and 10.24%, respectively; The incidence of elderly dogs over 10 years old was relatively high at 10.84%; Males accounted for 62.65%, more susceptible than females. Most of the cases were infectious skin diseases, mainly fungal infections, mostly mixed infections, and few other non-infectious skin diseases. Neutered dogs accounted for only 7.22 percent of the total. The results showed that the skin diseases of dogs in Tianjin from March to June were mainly fungal, mixed infections were the majority, and puppy infections accounted for a large proportion. This provides the basis for scientific prevention and treatment of skin diseases in pet clinic.
引文
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[2]谭菊,刘明生,甘辉群,等.犬常见皮肤病的流行病学调查及诊治[J].中国兽医杂志,2010,46(2):65-66.
[3]王秀丽,陆欣,杨建虎,等.石河子地区犬皮肤病临床诊疗及病原分离鉴定[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2017(4):38-39.
[4]李锦强,蒋翔,陆江,等.苏中地区犬皮肤病流行情况调查[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(22):204-207,299.
[5]李宝兰,邱位木,杨吉德.犬临床常见皮肤病的诊断与治疗[J].动物医学进展,2017,38(1):107-111.
[6]张士霞,王洪斌,肖建华.国内犬皮肤病流行现状及诊治方法[J].吉林畜牧兽医,2008(1):61-62.
[7]王利利.阜阳地区犬常见皮肤病流行病学调查与诊治[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2016.
[8]于湘,郭祥,曹雷.犬脓皮病的诊疗及研究进展[J].山东畜牧兽医,2014,35(10):76-77.
[9]李建男,陈永平,刘涛,等.鸡西地区犬真菌性皮肤病的流行病学调查[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(8):139-140.
[10]Dvm E J R.Evaluation of the patient with otitis externa[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice,1988,18(4):765-772.
[11]杨光有.动物寄生虫病学[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2004.
[12]Shaw S C,Wood J L,Freeman J,et al.Estimation of heritability of atopic dermatitis in Labrador and Golden Retrievers[J].American Journal of Veterinary Research,2004,65(7):1014-1020.
[13]Jackson A P,Foster A P,Hart B J,et al.Prevalence of house dust mites and dermatophagoides group 1 antigens collected from bedding,skin and hair coat of dogs in south-west England[J].Veterinary Dermatology,2005,16(1):32.