帽儿山地区樟子松优良种源的选择
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摘要
【目的】进一步揭示不同种源樟子松在帽儿山地区的生长差异性,选择出优良种源。【方法】以1981年采种、1982年育苗、1984年春造林到帽儿山地区的高峰、图强、卡伦山、红花尔基、罕达盖、金山、阿尔山等7个种源31年生樟子松试验林为研究对象,通过对樟子松胸径、树高、材积、冠幅、年轮宽度及保存率等6个生长性状进行方差分析、多重比较、相关性分析、主成分分析等,选择优良种源。【结果】种源间胸径达到极显著差异(P<001),材积和冠幅达到显著差异(P<005),树高没有显著差异(P>005);区组间各性状均没有显著差异(P>005)。图强种源的年轮宽度最大(369 mm),保存率则最小(5667%);不同种源胸径、树高、材积、冠幅及年轮宽度与原产地地理气候因子之间没有显著相关性。樟子松种源各性状地理变异模式不明显,而保存率与纬度呈极显著负相关(P<001),与经度呈显著负相关(P<005),与海拔呈显著正相关(P<005);主成分分析结果发现,图强种源综合指数得分最高(2972)。【结论】31年生樟子松人工林生长性状不同种源之间存在差异,红花尔基、高峰种源生长较好;图强种源表现最好,应用潜力大。
【Objective】The experiment was conducted to study the differences of growth traits among seven provenances(GF, TQ, KLS, HHEJ, HDG, JS and AES) and geographic variation to select superior provenances. 【Method】In thisstudy, seeds of Mongolian scotch pine(Pinus sylvestrisvar.mongolica) from 7 provenances were collected in 1981,seedlings were cultured in 1982 and planted in 1984 at Maoer Mountain. In 2015, we investigated the DBH, height, vol-ume, crown width, ring width and survival rate of 31-year-old Mongolian scotch pine at Maoershan area. The superiorprovenance was selected by using variance analysis, multiple comparisons, correlation analysis and principal componentanalysis. 【Results】 The DBH exhibited extremely significant difference(P< 0. 01), the volume and crown widthexhibited significant difference(P< 0. 05), the height exhibited no significant difference among the differentprovenances. All the investigated traits showed no significant differences among different blocks. The tree ring width fromTuqiang provenance was maximum(3.69 mm) while its survival rate was minimum(56.67%). The DBH, height, vol-ume, crown width and ring width didnt significantly correlated to latitude and longitude of provenances, except for thesurvival rate which significantly and negatively correlated to latitude(P< 0. 01) and longitude(P< 0. 05), andsignificantly and positively correlated(P<0.05) to altitude. Therefore the genetic variation of Mongolian scotch pine wasnot obvious among the various traits. According to the principal component analysis, the composite index score of Tu-qiang provenance was the highest(2.972). 【Conclusion】The growth traits of 31 year old Mongolian scotch pine showeddifferences among different provenances which of the Tuqiang provenance was best, and the HHEJ and GF provenanceswere better than that of the others. The Tuqiang provenance showed the best application potential at Maoershan area.
【Objective】The experiment was conducted to study the differences of growth traits among seven provenances(GF, TQ, KLS, HHEJ, HDG, JS and AES) and geographic variation to select superior provenances. 【Method】In thisstudy, seeds of Mongolian scotch pine(Pinus sylvestrisvar.mongolica) from 7 provenances were collected in 1981,seedlings were cultured in 1982 and planted in 1984 at Maoer Mountain. In 2015, we investigated the DBH, height, vol-ume, crown width, ring width and survival rate of 31-year-old Mongolian scotch pine at Maoershan area. The superiorprovenance was selected by using variance analysis, multiple comparisons, correlation analysis and principal componentanalysis. 【Results】 The DBH exhibited extremely significant difference(P< 0. 01), the volume and crown widthexhibited significant difference(P< 0. 05), the height exhibited no significant difference among the differentprovenances. All the investigated traits showed no significant differences among different blocks. The tree ring width fromTuqiang provenance was maximum(3.69 mm) while its survival rate was minimum(56.67%). The DBH, height, vol-ume, crown width and ring width didnt significantly correlated to latitude and longitude of provenances, except for thesurvival rate which significantly and negatively correlated to latitude(P< 0. 01) and longitude(P< 0. 05), andsignificantly and positively correlated(P<0.05) to altitude. Therefore the genetic variation of Mongolian scotch pine wasnot obvious among the various traits. According to the principal component analysis, the composite index score of Tu-qiang provenance was the highest(2.972). 【Conclusion】The growth traits of 31 year old Mongolian scotch pine showeddifferences among different provenances which of the Tuqiang provenance was best, and the HHEJ and GF provenanceswere better than that of the others. The Tuqiang provenance showed the best application potential at Maoershan area.
引文
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[3]MEGRAW R A.Wood quality factors in loblolly pine[M].Geor-gia:TAPPI Press Atlanta,1985:1-88.
[4]赵颖,周志春,吴吉富,等.马尾松优良种源对磷肥的生长反应和肥效持续性[J].林业科学,2007,43(10):64-70.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2007.10.011.ZHAO Y,ZHOU Z C,WU J F,et al.Growth response ofsuperior provenance of masson pine to phosphorus supply and per-sistence of phosphorus effect[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2007,43(10):64-70.
[5]梁一池,邢建宏,刘希华,等.25年生马尾松种源遗传变异及选择研究[J].三明学院学报,2007,24(2):121-126.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4343.2007.02.001.LIANG Y C,XING J H,LIU X H,et al.Genetic variations andselection ofPinus massonianaprovenance in a 25-year-old testingplantation[J].Journal of Sannming University,2007,24(2):121-126.
[6]毛爱华,李建祥,张超英,等.19年生侧柏种源变异及选择研究[J].北京林业大学报,2010,32(1):63-68.DOI:10.13332/j.1000-1522.2010.01.020.MAO A H,LI J X,ZHANG C Y,et al.Geographic variation andprovenance selection ofPlatycladus orientalisin a 19-year-old tes-ting plantation[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2010,32(1):63-68.
[7]CHUCHALA D,ORLOWSKI K A,SANDAK A,et al.The effectof wood provenance and density on cutting forces while sawingScots pine(Pinus sylvestrisL.)[J].Bioresources,2014,9(3):5349-5361.
[8]DANUSEVI I D,GABRILAVI I R.Variation in juvenile growthrhythm amongPicea abiesprovenances from the baltic states andthe adjacent regions[J].Scandinavian Journal of ForestResearch,2001,16(4):305-317.DOI:10.1080/713785149.
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