胶体层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验在急诊艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体初次筛查中的比较分析
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摘要
目的分析胶体层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验在急诊艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体初次筛查中的应用。方法选取2014年9月至2017年9月内蒙古自治区疾病控制预防中心收治的608例高危病例,均采用胶体层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验进行HIV抗体检测,以免疫印迹法为金标准,分析比较两种不同检测方法对低、高值质控血清检出率及HIV抗体检测结果、阳性样本带型分布情况。结果酶联免疫吸附试验对低、高值质控血清检出率为100. 00%(14/14),高于胶体层析法64. 29%(9/14),差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);酶联免疫吸附试验诊断准确度(97. 53%)、灵敏度(96. 15%)、特异度(96. 15%)略高于胶体层析法检测(95. 89%、95. 19%、96. 25%);假阳性率为1. 75%(7/400)、假阴性率为3. 85%(8/208),略低于胶体层析法检测(3. 75%、4. 81%);但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05);酶联免疫吸附试验检测出阳性例数200例,其中以条带g P160、g P120出现率最高,高达100. 00%;其次为P24 (98. 00%)、g P41 (97. 00%)、P66(94. 50%),P55出现率最低为34. 50%。结论酶联免疫吸附试验对高、低值质控血清检出率高,可显示阳性样本带型分布,较胶体层析法更适用于急诊艾滋病病毒抗体初次筛查中,具有诊断准确度高、灵敏度高、特异度高、假阳性及假阴性率低等特点。
Objective To investigate the application of colloid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) in the primary screening of human immunodeficiency virus( HIV) antibody. Methods A total of 608 high-risk patients admitted to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2014 to September 2017 were selected for detection of HIV antibody by colloidal chromatography and ELISA. Immunoblotting was used as the gold standard. The detection rate of quality control serum with low and high value,the detectionresults of HIV antibody and the distribution of positive samples were analyzed and compared between the two different detection methods. Results The detection rate of quality control serum with low and high value by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was 100%( 14/14),which was higher than that of colloid chromatography( 64. 29%,9/14)( P <0. 05). The diagnostic accuracy( 97. 53%),sensitivity( 96. 15%) and specificity( 96. 15%) of ELISA were slightly higher than those of colloidal chromatography( 95. 89%,95. 19% and 96. 25%); and the false positive rate was 1. 75%( 7/400) and the false negative rate was 3. 85%( 8/208) which were slightly lower than those of colloid chromatography( 3. 75%,4. 81%),without statistically significant difference( P > 0. 05). A total of 200 positive cases were detected by ELISA,where the incidence of g P160 and g P120 was the highest up to 100%,followed by P24( 98%),g P41( 97%),P66( 94. 50%),and the lowest was P55( 34. 50%). Conclusions The ELISA has high detection rate for quality control serum with low and high value,which can display the band distribution of positive samples. The colloid chromatography is more suitable for initial screening of HIV antibody with characteristics of high accuracy,high sensitivity,high specificity,low false positive and false negative rate.
Objective To investigate the application of colloid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) in the primary screening of human immunodeficiency virus( HIV) antibody. Methods A total of 608 high-risk patients admitted to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2014 to September 2017 were selected for detection of HIV antibody by colloidal chromatography and ELISA. Immunoblotting was used as the gold standard. The detection rate of quality control serum with low and high value,the detectionresults of HIV antibody and the distribution of positive samples were analyzed and compared between the two different detection methods. Results The detection rate of quality control serum with low and high value by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was 100%( 14/14),which was higher than that of colloid chromatography( 64. 29%,9/14)( P <0. 05). The diagnostic accuracy( 97. 53%),sensitivity( 96. 15%) and specificity( 96. 15%) of ELISA were slightly higher than those of colloidal chromatography( 95. 89%,95. 19% and 96. 25%); and the false positive rate was 1. 75%( 7/400) and the false negative rate was 3. 85%( 8/208) which were slightly lower than those of colloid chromatography( 3. 75%,4. 81%),without statistically significant difference( P > 0. 05). A total of 200 positive cases were detected by ELISA,where the incidence of g P160 and g P120 was the highest up to 100%,followed by P24( 98%),g P41( 97%),P66( 94. 50%),and the lowest was P55( 34. 50%). Conclusions The ELISA has high detection rate for quality control serum with low and high value,which can display the band distribution of positive samples. The colloid chromatography is more suitable for initial screening of HIV antibody with characteristics of high accuracy,high sensitivity,high specificity,low false positive and false negative rate.
引文
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[12] Lee KA,Gay C,Pullinger CR,et al. Cytokine polymorphisms are associated with poor sleep maintenance in adults living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome[J],2014,37(3):453-463.
[13]郭颜艳. ELISA、PA、ICA检测人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的结果比较[J].世界临床医学,2017,11(1):239-240.
[14]杨芬兰,穆廷杰,陈涛.抗-HIV抗体筛查与免疫印迹试验两种检测方法的对比研究[J].国际检验医学杂志,2017,38(7):948-950.
[15]田永芳,李奇凤.乌鲁木齐某医院HIV抗体筛查阳性标本免疫蛋白印迹试验结果分析[J].中国临床研究,2017,30(8):1090-1092.
[16]吴可可,虞成超,钭慧芬,等.四代酶联免疫试剂和硒标快速试剂用于HIV抗体补充试验的比较[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(3):248-250.
[17] Radfar SR,Sedaghat A,Banihashemi AT,et al. Behaviors influencing human immunodeficiency virus transmission in the context of positive prevention among people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Iran:Aqualitative study[J]. Int J Prev Med,2014,5(8):976-983.
[18]乔军,刘俊娜,王春娟,等.流式微球术、胶体金渗滤法及ELISA法检测HIV抗体的评价与分析[J].现代检验医学杂志,2015,30(6):104-105.
[19]张赞,陈娜云,孙阳,等.梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验对酶联免疫吸附试验法和金标法梅毒抗体检测的结果评价.国际检验医学杂志,2016,37(3):291-293.
[20]刘淑芬,刘立群.用酶联免疫吸附试验方法评价胶体金测试卡检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物的性能[J].河北中医,2014,36(11):1753-1754.
[21]朱柏林.金标层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验初筛HIV1+2型抗体对比分析[J].检验医学与临床,2014,11(10):1341-1343.
[2]苏东梅.胶体层析法筛查HIV抗体在急诊检验中的应用[J].中国实用医刊,2015,42(14):99-100.
[3] Gupta M,Mahajan VK,Chauahn PS,et al. Knowledge,attitude,and perception of disease among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome:A study from a tertiary care center in North India[J]. Indian J Sex Transm Dis,2016,37(2):173-177.
[4] Kranick SM,Goncalves PH,Stetler-Stevenson M,et al. Paradoxical central nervous system immune reconstitution syndrome in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related primary central nervous system lymphoma[J]. Haematologica,2015,100(1):e21-e24.
[5]王晓红.胶体层析法筛查人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体在急诊检验中的应用[J].中国实用医刊,2015,42(15):59-60.
[6] Swann K,Waddington ME. Histoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS):Multicenter study of outcomes and factors associated with relapse[J]. Medicine,2014,93(1):11-18.
[7]敖艳云,梁水基,谭秀媚,等.阳江市536例HIV筛查阳性者的确证结果及条带分析[J].中国医学工程,2015,23(10):81-83.
[8]潘瑞钰.胶体金免疫层析试验在检测急诊患者血液传播疾病中的应用[J].国际病毒学杂志,2013,20(4):189-191.
[9]肖航,李如凯,吴祥林,等.胶体层析法筛查人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体在急诊检验中的应用[J].检验医学与临床,2013,10(14):1881-1882.
[10] Dasgupta P,Bhattacherjee S,Das DK. Food security in households of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome:a cross-sectional study in a subdivision of Darjeeling district,West Bengal[J]. J Prev Med Public Health,2016,49(4):240-248.
[11]胡二红.三种HIV抗体初筛法与确证法检测结果的对比分析[J].内蒙古医学杂志,2017,49(7):864-865.
[12] Lee KA,Gay C,Pullinger CR,et al. Cytokine polymorphisms are associated with poor sleep maintenance in adults living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome[J],2014,37(3):453-463.
[13]郭颜艳. ELISA、PA、ICA检测人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的结果比较[J].世界临床医学,2017,11(1):239-240.
[14]杨芬兰,穆廷杰,陈涛.抗-HIV抗体筛查与免疫印迹试验两种检测方法的对比研究[J].国际检验医学杂志,2017,38(7):948-950.
[15]田永芳,李奇凤.乌鲁木齐某医院HIV抗体筛查阳性标本免疫蛋白印迹试验结果分析[J].中国临床研究,2017,30(8):1090-1092.
[16]吴可可,虞成超,钭慧芬,等.四代酶联免疫试剂和硒标快速试剂用于HIV抗体补充试验的比较[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(3):248-250.
[17] Radfar SR,Sedaghat A,Banihashemi AT,et al. Behaviors influencing human immunodeficiency virus transmission in the context of positive prevention among people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Iran:Aqualitative study[J]. Int J Prev Med,2014,5(8):976-983.
[18]乔军,刘俊娜,王春娟,等.流式微球术、胶体金渗滤法及ELISA法检测HIV抗体的评价与分析[J].现代检验医学杂志,2015,30(6):104-105.
[19]张赞,陈娜云,孙阳,等.梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验对酶联免疫吸附试验法和金标法梅毒抗体检测的结果评价.国际检验医学杂志,2016,37(3):291-293.
[20]刘淑芬,刘立群.用酶联免疫吸附试验方法评价胶体金测试卡检测乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物的性能[J].河北中医,2014,36(11):1753-1754.
[21]朱柏林.金标层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验初筛HIV1+2型抗体对比分析[J].检验医学与临床,2014,11(10):1341-1343.