叶面喷施硝磺草酮对不同谷子品种农艺性状的影响
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摘要
在大田条件下,以晋谷21号和张杂谷10号为试验材料,在谷子3～5叶期叶面喷施不同剂量(0,0.5,1,2,4 L/hm2)的硝磺草酮,研究苗期喷施不同剂量硝磺草酮对谷子不同关键生育时期农艺性状的影响。结果表明,随着硝磺草酮处理剂量的增大,其对2个谷子品种农艺性状的影响逐渐增大,其中,低剂量处理(T1,T2,T3)影响较小,高剂量处理(T4)影响较大;对谷子拔节期的农艺性状影响较大,达到显著水平,对抽穗期和灌浆期农艺性状影响不显著;硝磺草酮对张杂谷10号农艺性状的影响程度要小于晋谷21号,说明晋谷21号对硝磺草酮胁迫的耐受性比张杂谷10号弱。综上所述,3～5叶期叶面喷施硝磺草酮在拔节期对谷子农艺性状会产生较大影响,但在抽穗期和灌浆期会得到缓解。
Under the conditions of the field, Jingu 21 and Zhangzagu 10 were used as test materials, and different doses(0, 75, 150,300, 600 g/hm2)of mesotrione were sprayed on the leaves of millet 3-5 leaf stage, the effects of different doses of mesotrione on the agronomic traits of millet at different key growth stages were studied. The results showed that with the increase of spraying dose, the effects of mesotrione on agronomic traits of two millet varieties increased gradually. T1, T2 and T3 treatment, the agronomic traits of different millet varieties were less affected. The high-dose T4 treatment had a great influence on the agronomic traits of different millet varieties. It had a significant influence on the agronomic traits of millet jointing stage, reached a significant level, and had no significant effect on the agronomic traits at the heading stage and the filling stage. In addition, the degree of influence of mesotrione on the agronomic traits of Zhangzagu 10 was less than that of Jingu 21, which indicated that Jingu 21 was less tolerant to mesotrione stress than Zhangzagu10. In summary, foliar mesotrione at the 3-5 leaf stage will have an effect on the agronomic traits of millet at jointing stage, but will be alleviated at the heading stage and the filling stage.
Under the conditions of the field, Jingu 21 and Zhangzagu 10 were used as test materials, and different doses(0, 75, 150,300, 600 g/hm2)of mesotrione were sprayed on the leaves of millet 3-5 leaf stage, the effects of different doses of mesotrione on the agronomic traits of millet at different key growth stages were studied. The results showed that with the increase of spraying dose, the effects of mesotrione on agronomic traits of two millet varieties increased gradually. T1, T2 and T3 treatment, the agronomic traits of different millet varieties were less affected. The high-dose T4 treatment had a great influence on the agronomic traits of different millet varieties. It had a significant influence on the agronomic traits of millet jointing stage, reached a significant level, and had no significant effect on the agronomic traits at the heading stage and the filling stage. In addition, the degree of influence of mesotrione on the agronomic traits of Zhangzagu 10 was less than that of Jingu 21, which indicated that Jingu 21 was less tolerant to mesotrione stress than Zhangzagu10. In summary, foliar mesotrione at the 3-5 leaf stage will have an effect on the agronomic traits of millet at jointing stage, but will be alleviated at the heading stage and the filling stage.
引文
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[2] ZHANG G Y,LIU X,QUAN Z W. Genome sequence of foxtail(Setaria italic)provides insights into grass evolution and biofuel potential[J]. Nature Biotechnology,2012,30(6):549-554.
[3]张喜文,武钊.谷子栽培生理[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1993.
[4]李荫梅.谷子育种[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:391-408.
[5]杨慧杰,原向阳,郭平毅,等.谷子对拔节期弱光胁迫的光合生理响应[J].核农学报,2017,31(2):386-393.
[6]杨红梅,石龙,王建功.山西省谷子生产及其产业化开发探讨[J].山西农业科学,2006,34(4):11-13.
[7]石磊,周柏玲,孟婷婷,等.不同地域晋谷21号粘度特性比较研究[J].实验研究,2010(5):74-75.
[8]周汉章,侯升林,宋银芳,等.谷田单子叶杂草对谷子产量损失的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(12):179-184.
[9]周汉章,任中秋,刘环,等.谷田杂草化学防除面临的问题及发展趋势[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(11):56-58.
[10]张泽溥.我国农田杂草治理技术的发展[J].植物保护,2004(2):28-33.
[11] Syngenta. Herbicides[EB/OL].[2015-07-16]. http://www.syngenta.com/global/corporate/en/products-and-innovation/product-brands/crop-protection/herbicides/pages/herbicides.aspx.
[12]苏少泉.硝磺酮的开发、选择性及生物学特性[J].农药研究与应用,2009,13(5):1-6.
[13]刘阳,郭平毅,原向阳,等.叶面喷施二甲四氯对‘张杂谷10号’光合特性及产量构成的影响[J].西北农业学报,2016,25(9):1311-1318.
[14]寸植贤,杨肖艳,傅杨,等.自交系玉米地除草剂和安全剂的筛选[J].植物保护,2018,44(2):215-220.
[15]高鸣,胡喜连,杨永志,等.模拟除草剂残留对下茬谷子的影响[J].现代农业科技,2016(24):120-121.
[16]孙约兵,徐应明,孙扬,等.新型除草剂硝磺草酮在玉米和土壤中的残留及降解行为[J].环境化学,2013,32(1):144-149.
[17]耿亚玲,刘博艳,王华,等.不同茎叶处理除草剂对玉米的安全性[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(18):141-142.
[18]APPLEBY PN,THOROGOOD M,MANN JI,et al. Theoxfordvegetarian study,alloverview[J]. Am J CLin Nutr,1999,70(S3):525.
[19]张全国,杨利华,董金皋,等.解草酯及二氯丙烯胺对烟嘧磺隆和硝磺草酮药害的解毒效应研究[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(9):63-65,67.
[20]刘君良,刘伟堂,李小芳,等.苯唑草酮等3种除草剂对不同玉米品种的安全性[J].农药,2011,50(6):426-427,435.