柑橘树势测树学量化研究
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摘要
采用测树学方法,连续3年对5个观测点3个柑橘品种(弗罗斯特、琳娜和伦晚)10～16年树龄的122株树体的测树学参数(树高、树冠直径和茎周)和单株产量进行了观测,并就各观测点的测树学参数及其乘积复合参数与产量的关系进行了分析。结果表明,在品种和园地管理措施一致的条件下,处于树势扩张期的脐橙树冠直径、主干茎周、树冠体积、树冠体积与茎周乘积复合参数均与单株产量呈正相关,且5个观测点的脐橙单株产量分别与主干茎周、树冠体积及其乘积呈极显著线性相关关系。这说明柑橘主干和树冠能够反映出来自环境的物质和能量的吸收、输送和生物质合成,能够对柑橘生产力的形成具有复合效应,其复合效应大小对柑橘生产力规模具有直接的影响。结合树体参数观测与反映植物营养生理状态的植株营养诊断,将为柑橘树势分析和产量预测提供更为完整和准确的评价体系。
A 5 years investigation was conducted from 2015 to 2017,122 plants of 3 citrus varieties in 5 sites,at age 10～16 ys,were chosen.Citrus plant dendrometric parameters including tree height,tree crown diameter,main neck circumference and yield per plant were measured,and the crown volume was estimated.The result showed that under the conditions that the variety and garden management are consistent,tree crown diameter,main neck circumference,crown volume and compound parameters of main neck circumference times crown volume were all positively correlated with the fruit yield.Moreover,by using SPSS 15.0 stepwise regression analysis,there were linear regressions between yield per plant and each individual plant dendrometric parameters including main neck circumference,crown volume and compound parameter of main neck circumference times crown volume for each of the 5 sites.It was concluded that main stern and canopy contributed to the compound effect on the formation of citrus productivity in physiological process of absorption,transport of substances and energy from environment and for biomass synthesis.Combining plant dendrometric parameters observation and plant nutrition diagnosis reflecting plant nutrient physiological state will provide a more comprehensive and accurate evaluation system for citrus tree potential analysis and yield prediction.
A 5 years investigation was conducted from 2015 to 2017,122 plants of 3 citrus varieties in 5 sites,at age 10～16 ys,were chosen.Citrus plant dendrometric parameters including tree height,tree crown diameter,main neck circumference and yield per plant were measured,and the crown volume was estimated.The result showed that under the conditions that the variety and garden management are consistent,tree crown diameter,main neck circumference,crown volume and compound parameters of main neck circumference times crown volume were all positively correlated with the fruit yield.Moreover,by using SPSS 15.0 stepwise regression analysis,there were linear regressions between yield per plant and each individual plant dendrometric parameters including main neck circumference,crown volume and compound parameter of main neck circumference times crown volume for each of the 5 sites.It was concluded that main stern and canopy contributed to the compound effect on the formation of citrus productivity in physiological process of absorption,transport of substances and energy from environment and for biomass synthesis.Combining plant dendrometric parameters observation and plant nutrition diagnosis reflecting plant nutrient physiological state will provide a more comprehensive and accurate evaluation system for citrus tree potential analysis and yield prediction.
引文
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[21]章文才.果树的生长发育规律及其控制的途径[J].园艺学报,1963,2(1):1-8.
[22]LAMIEN N,TIGABU M,GUINKO S,et al.Variations in dendrometric and fruiting characters of Vitellaria paradoxa populations and multivariate models for estimation of fruit yield[J].Agroforestry systems,2007,69(1):1-11.
[23]TILAHUN M,MUYS B,MATHIJS E,et al.Frankincense yield assessment and modeling in closed and grazed Boswellia papyrifera woodlands of Tigray,Northern Ethiopia[J].Journal of arid environments,2011,75(8):695-702.
[2]刘录敬,陈晓明,胡淑婷.中国柑橘出口现状及对策分析[J].林业经济,2017,39(9):104-107.
[3]熊伟,吴雪梅,吴正亮,等.我国柑橘产销形势分析及提升三峡库区柑橘产业竞争力对策建议[J].中国果业信息,2009,26(7):4-8.
[4]曾铃凌.我国柑橘产业发展的地理标志保护路径探析[J].现代园艺,2014(9):30-32.
[5]邓秀新,彭抒昂.柑橘学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:7-40.
[6]翁殊斐,黎彩敏,庞瑞君.用层次分析法构建园林树木健康评价体系[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(1):177-181.
[7]刘嘉,杨莉雷,陆小平.苏州城区古树名木的树势评价[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(36):20806-20809.
[8]王巧,聂鑫,孙德浩,等.基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的泰山油松古树树势评价[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(1):137-146.
[9]VELZQUEZ-MARTB,ESTORNELL J,LPEZ-CORTI,et al.Calculation of biomass volume of citrus trees from an adapted dendrometry[J].Biosystems engineering,2012,112(4):285-292.
[10]LANKOANDB,OUDRAOGO A,BOUSSIM J I,et al.Identification of determining traits of seed production in Carapa procera and Pentadesma butyracea,two native oil trees from riparian forests in Burkina Faso,West Africa[J].Biomass and bioenergy,2017,102:37-43.
[11]汪景彦.确定苹果适宜负载量的新方法---干周法[J].中国农学通报,1987(3):37-38.
[12]张波.果树估产新方法[J].新疆农业科技,1992(4):34.
[13]芦双潮.槾桔树冠发育与结果关系的研究[J].浙江农业科学,1963(12):541-545.
[14]HUTCHINSON D J.The preliminary results of valencia orange on 21 rootstocks after seven years[J].Southwest garden,1989,1:40-44.
[15]张放,张良诚,张百寿,等.篱剪对柑橘光分布与光合及结实的影响[J].浙江农业大学学报,1994,20(5):513-516.
[16]黄良帅,韩海荣,牛树奎,等.华北落叶松冠层光合生理特性的空间异质性[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(2):193-197.
[17]夏立忠,韩庆忠,马力,等.柑橘测树学参数矫正法比较不同施肥水平对产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(4):1097-1104.
[18]QUI N~ONES A,MARTNEZ-ALCNTARA B,LEGAZ F.Influence of irrigation system and fertilization management on seasonal distribution of Nin the soil profile and on N-uptake by citrus trees[J].Agriculture,ecosystems and environment,2007,122(3):399-409.
[19]GARCA-TEJERO I,ROMERO-VICENTE R,JIMNEZ-BOCANEGRA JA,et al.Response of citrus trees to deficit irrigation during different phenological periods in relation to yield,fruit quality,and water productivity[J].Agricultural water management,2010,97(5):689-699.
[20]RODRGUEZ-GAMIR J,PRIMO-MILLO E,FORNER J B,et al.Citrus rootstock responses to water stress[J].Scientia horticulturae,2010,126(5):95-102.
[21]章文才.果树的生长发育规律及其控制的途径[J].园艺学报,1963,2(1):1-8.
[22]LAMIEN N,TIGABU M,GUINKO S,et al.Variations in dendrometric and fruiting characters of Vitellaria paradoxa populations and multivariate models for estimation of fruit yield[J].Agroforestry systems,2007,69(1):1-11.
[23]TILAHUN M,MUYS B,MATHIJS E,et al.Frankincense yield assessment and modeling in closed and grazed Boswellia papyrifera woodlands of Tigray,Northern Ethiopia[J].Journal of arid environments,2011,75(8):695-702.