拉晧屯芒果黑顶病和小果病发生情况调查与分析
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摘要
为了掌握芒果黑顶病和小果病的发生受害情况,于2017年6月9日在广西百色市右江区四塘镇平布村拉晧屯开展调查。选择黑顶病发生严重的金煌芒果园和小果病严重的台农1号芒果园抽样,与同期田东县思林镇良余村忑兰屯的对照样品园比较,检测同期果实单果重和样品中的氟含量,记录果实受害症状。调查和检测结果表明:(1)拉晧屯不同地理位置的果园,芒果黑顶病和小果病发病率不同,严重的果园发病率达到100%;(2)拉晧屯的台农1号芒和金煌芒样品中均检出较高浓度的氟,对照点良余村忑兰屯的样品未检出,说明台农1号芒小果病和金煌芒黑顶病的发生,可能与氟化物在果实中累积有关;(3)果实不同部位氟含量不同,果顶至果实中部氟含量高于果蒂;(4)小果病均在台农1号芒、金煌芒中出现,病果平均单果重远低于同期对照果园的正常果实;(5)调查果园中,金煌芒容易出现黑顶病症状,台农1号芒则不出现。
We investigated the occurrence of black tip and stunted fruit disorders of mango in Lahaotun, Pingbu village, Sitang town, Youjiang district, Baise city, Guangxi province on June 9, 2017. Selected the samples from Jinhuang mango orchard and Tainong 1 orchard where black tip and stunted fruit disorders occurred seriously, meanwhile comparing with the control samples which took from Telantun,Liangyu village,Silin town,Tiandong county,to test the fruit weight and fluorine content in the samples,and recorded the damage symptoms of the fruit. The results are shown below:(1)The incidence of black tip and stunted fruit of mango differed in different geographic locations in Lahaotun,and reached 100% in some serious damaged orchards;(2)high concentration of fluorine was found in the samples of Tainong 1 and Jinhuang mango in Lahaotun, Pingbu village, but not found in the samples in telantun, Liangyu village,indicating that the occurrence of black tip of Jinhuang mango and stunted fruit of Tainong 1 may be related to the accumulation of fluoride in fruit;(3)the fluorine content differed in different parts of the fruit,showing higher from the top to the middle of the fruit than that in the pedicle of the fruit;(4)Both Tainong 1 and Jinhuang mango were found stunted fruit disorders,and the mean fruit weight of the diseased fruit was significantly lower than that of the control fruit in the same period;(5)black tip was easy to occur in Jinhuang mango,but not appeared in Tainong 1 in the investigated orchards.
We investigated the occurrence of black tip and stunted fruit disorders of mango in Lahaotun, Pingbu village, Sitang town, Youjiang district, Baise city, Guangxi province on June 9, 2017. Selected the samples from Jinhuang mango orchard and Tainong 1 orchard where black tip and stunted fruit disorders occurred seriously, meanwhile comparing with the control samples which took from Telantun,Liangyu village,Silin town,Tiandong county,to test the fruit weight and fluorine content in the samples,and recorded the damage symptoms of the fruit. The results are shown below:(1)The incidence of black tip and stunted fruit of mango differed in different geographic locations in Lahaotun,and reached 100% in some serious damaged orchards;(2)high concentration of fluorine was found in the samples of Tainong 1 and Jinhuang mango in Lahaotun, Pingbu village, but not found in the samples in telantun, Liangyu village,indicating that the occurrence of black tip of Jinhuang mango and stunted fruit of Tainong 1 may be related to the accumulation of fluoride in fruit;(3)the fluorine content differed in different parts of the fruit,showing higher from the top to the middle of the fruit than that in the pedicle of the fruit;(4)Both Tainong 1 and Jinhuang mango were found stunted fruit disorders,and the mean fruit weight of the diseased fruit was significantly lower than that of the control fruit in the same period;(5)black tip was easy to occur in Jinhuang mango,but not appeared in Tainong 1 in the investigated orchards.
引文
[1]张承林.芒果(Mangifera indica.L.)果实的生理病害及其病因的研究[D].广州:华南农业大学,1997.
[2]张海岚,吴定尧,陈厚彬,等.芒果黑顶病的发生及防治初步研究[J].广东农业科学,1996(3):34-36.
[3]张承林,黄辉白.杧果黑顶病及其诱因[J].果树科学,1996,13(3):191-194.
[4]蒋信生,莫永龙,吴强.芒果黑顶病在桂热芒10号的发生初报[J].广西热作科技,1997(1):45-46.
[5]黄思良,朱桂宁,胡春锦,等.百色市芒果黑顶病的病因调查[C/OL]//中国植物病理学会.2005年中南、西南植物病理学会和中国菌物学会联合学术年会论文集.北京:中国知网,2005[2017-12-16].http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-ZGVS200500001026.htm.
[6]张承林.芒果对氟的吸收与果实生理病害的关系[J].园艺学报,1997,24(2):111-114.
[7]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.3-2016,食品安全国家标准食品中水分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[8]吴方正.植物样品含氟量的测定[J].植物生理学通讯,1983(4):47-48.
[9]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB/T 5009.18-2003,食品中氟的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
[2]张海岚,吴定尧,陈厚彬,等.芒果黑顶病的发生及防治初步研究[J].广东农业科学,1996(3):34-36.
[3]张承林,黄辉白.杧果黑顶病及其诱因[J].果树科学,1996,13(3):191-194.
[4]蒋信生,莫永龙,吴强.芒果黑顶病在桂热芒10号的发生初报[J].广西热作科技,1997(1):45-46.
[5]黄思良,朱桂宁,胡春锦,等.百色市芒果黑顶病的病因调查[C/OL]//中国植物病理学会.2005年中南、西南植物病理学会和中国菌物学会联合学术年会论文集.北京:中国知网,2005[2017-12-16].http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-ZGVS200500001026.htm.
[6]张承林.芒果对氟的吸收与果实生理病害的关系[J].园艺学报,1997,24(2):111-114.
[7]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.3-2016,食品安全国家标准食品中水分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[8]吴方正.植物样品含氟量的测定[J].植物生理学通讯,1983(4):47-48.
[9]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB/T 5009.18-2003,食品中氟的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.