单帽型薄壁梁弯曲吸能特性研究及多目标优化
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摘要
薄壁吸能结构的抗弯性能对于汽车碰撞安全是至关重要的,然而影响薄壁结构吸能特性的因素非常复杂,在具体结构设计的过程中还需要兼顾轻量化因素,这就使得薄壁结构弯曲吸能特性的优化工作难以开展。为了解决上述问题,对单帽型薄壁梁抗弯性能进行了有限元仿真分析,并与试验曲线进行对比,进而验证了数值模型的可靠性。为进一步提高单帽型梁的抗弯性能,利用RBF响应面近似模型、NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化设计方法,进行了单帽型薄壁结构的弯曲吸能特性优化设计。优化结果表明,该方法利用响应面近似模型能够非常精确的拟合单帽梁比吸能及加载力最大峰值与各个影响因素之间的关系,通过优化提高了薄壁结构的弯曲吸能特性,能够在汽车被动安全优化设计中,对汽车B柱、门槛梁等关键部件的尺寸优化起到指导作用。相比于以往研究,采用了试验验证的方式,有效提高了计算结果的可靠性。
The anti-bending behavior of thin-walled energy-absorbing structures is critical to the safety of car collisions,and the factors that can influence the absorption properties of thin-walled structures are very complex,thus the optimization design of the bending energy absorption characteristics of the thin-walled structure is very difficultand complicated because lightweight factors must be taken into account in the design. In order to solve the above problems,it analyzes the anti-bending behavior of singlehat-type thin-walled beams by finite element analysis,and compares them with the test curve. In order to further improve the anti-bending behavior of single-hat beams,the RBF response surface approximation model and NSGA-Ⅱ multi-objective optimization design method are adopted,and the optimization design of bending energy absorption characteristics of single-hat type thin-walled structure is carried out. The optimization results show that the method can use the response surface approximation model to fit the relationship between the energy absorption,the maximum peak of the loading force and the influence factors. Improving the bending energy absorption characteristics of the thin-walled structure can provide guidance tothe car passive safety optimization design,the car B column,the threshold beam and other key components optimization.Compared with the previous research,the reliability of the calculated results is improved effectively by test method.
The anti-bending behavior of thin-walled energy-absorbing structures is critical to the safety of car collisions,and the factors that can influence the absorption properties of thin-walled structures are very complex,thus the optimization design of the bending energy absorption characteristics of the thin-walled structure is very difficultand complicated because lightweight factors must be taken into account in the design. In order to solve the above problems,it analyzes the anti-bending behavior of singlehat-type thin-walled beams by finite element analysis,and compares them with the test curve. In order to further improve the anti-bending behavior of single-hat beams,the RBF response surface approximation model and NSGA-Ⅱ multi-objective optimization design method are adopted,and the optimization design of bending energy absorption characteristics of single-hat type thin-walled structure is carried out. The optimization results show that the method can use the response surface approximation model to fit the relationship between the energy absorption,the maximum peak of the loading force and the influence factors. Improving the bending energy absorption characteristics of the thin-walled structure can provide guidance tothe car passive safety optimization design,the car B column,the threshold beam and other key components optimization.Compared with the previous research,the reliability of the calculated results is improved effectively by test method.
引文
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[8]钱立军,丁玲,祝安定.基于ISIGHT的薄壁直梁件抗撞性多目标优化[J].合肥工业大学学报,2014(2):145-149.(Qian Li-jun,Ding Ling,Zhu An-ding.Multi-objective optimization for the crashworthiness of thin-walled column based on i SIGHT[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2014(2):145-149.)
[9]徐增密,刘立忠,申国哲.基于响应面和kriging代理模型的汽车B柱优化设计[J].汽车技术,2012(4):39-43.(Xu Zeng-mi,Liu Li-zhong,Shen Guo-zhe.Optimization design of b-pillar based on Response Surface and Kriging Surrogate Model[J].Automotive Technology,2012(4):39-43.)
[10]黄晶,龙永程,曹娇.泡沫铝材料参数反求及其填充锥形薄壁管的吸能性能研究[J].机械科学与技术,2017,36(5):798-804.(Huang Jing,Long Yong-cheng,Cao Jiao.Research on energy absorbed prosperity of aluminum foam and material parameter identification of foam-filled taper thin-walled tube[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2017,36(5):798-804.)
[2]常建娥,徐敏,张青.诱导槽对帽形结构吸能特性的影响研究[J].机械设计与制造,2016(10):174-178.(Chang Jian-e,Xu Min,Zhang Qing.Research on the absorption characteristics of hat-section with initiator[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2016(10):174-178.)
[3]赖宇阳.Isight参数优化理论与实例详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2012.(Lai Yu-yang.Theory and Examples of Isight Parameter Optimization[M].Beijing:Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press,2012.)
[4]胡海涛.帽型薄壁梁抗弯性能研究及多目标优化[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.(Hu Hai-tao.Analysis and optimization for anti-bending behavior of hatshaped thin-walled beams[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2015.)
[5]莫易敏,石志华,苏东.不同截面形状薄壁梁的轴向吸能特性研究[J].机械设计与制造,2017(7):190-193.(Mo Yi-min,Shi Zhi-hua,Su Dong.Research on the axial energy-absorbing characteristics of thin-walled beam with different cross section[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2017(7):190-193.)
[6]徐小东,谷先广.薄壁结构抗弯性能多目标优化设计方法研究[J].合肥工业大学学报,2015(4):446-449.(Xu Xiao-dong,Gu Xian-guang.Research on multi-objective optimization design forflexural performance of thin-walled structure[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2015(4):446-449.)
[7]宫保贵,王青春,王国权.泡沫铝部分填充薄壁梁弯曲吸能特性研究[J].计算机仿真,2009(12):230-234.(Gong Bao-gui,Wang Qing-chun,Wang Guo-quan.Energy-absorption properties of foam-filled part thin shell subjected to bending[J].Computer Simulation,2009(12):230-234.)
[8]钱立军,丁玲,祝安定.基于ISIGHT的薄壁直梁件抗撞性多目标优化[J].合肥工业大学学报,2014(2):145-149.(Qian Li-jun,Ding Ling,Zhu An-ding.Multi-objective optimization for the crashworthiness of thin-walled column based on i SIGHT[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,2014(2):145-149.)
[9]徐增密,刘立忠,申国哲.基于响应面和kriging代理模型的汽车B柱优化设计[J].汽车技术,2012(4):39-43.(Xu Zeng-mi,Liu Li-zhong,Shen Guo-zhe.Optimization design of b-pillar based on Response Surface and Kriging Surrogate Model[J].Automotive Technology,2012(4):39-43.)
[10]黄晶,龙永程,曹娇.泡沫铝材料参数反求及其填充锥形薄壁管的吸能性能研究[J].机械科学与技术,2017,36(5):798-804.(Huang Jing,Long Yong-cheng,Cao Jiao.Research on energy absorbed prosperity of aluminum foam and material parameter identification of foam-filled taper thin-walled tube[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2017,36(5):798-804.)