广义参数化同步压缩变换及其在旋转机械振动信号中的应用
|
摘要
广义参数化时频分析通过构造匹配的参数化变换核,能够有效提高强调频信号的时频能量聚集性。然而,受短时傅里叶变换中窗函数结构的影响,利用该方法获得的时频能量分布在真实瞬时频率附近始终存在能量扩散现象。同步压缩变换利用同步压缩操作可将短时傅里叶变换处理后的时频能量压缩至真实瞬时频率位置,然而,同步压缩变换仅适用于分析频率成分恒定的纯谐波信号。以短时傅里叶变换为纽带,将两种时频分析方法相结合,提出了广义参数化同步压缩变换。考虑到旋转机械振动信号多为多分量信号,通过迭代处理的方式,依次获取各单分量信号的时频能量分布,对其进行叠加得到最终的时频能量分布。通过数值仿真以及变转速下转子不对中、滚动轴承外圈故障模拟试验验证了所提方法的有效性。
Though general parameterized time-frequency analysis is able to improve the energy concentration of time-frequency(TF)representation by the matched parameterized kernel, restricted by the structure of window function in short term Fourier transform,the energy diffusion phenomenon always occurred in the instantaneous frequency(IF). Synchrosqueezing transform can squeeze the diffused TF energy into the IF. However, it only works on the purely harmonic signal. To enhance the concentration of TF energy distribution, a general parameterized synchrosqueezing transform by combining the merits of both TF techniques is proposed.Considering the rotating vibration signal can be mostly viewed as a multi-component signal, an iterative technique is used to analyze the TF energy distribution of each mono-component and then a superposition of the TF energy distribution of each mono-component is viewed as the final TF representation of rotating machinery. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by numerical simulated signal, rotor misalignment and bearing outer race fault vibration signal under speed-varying condition.
Though general parameterized time-frequency analysis is able to improve the energy concentration of time-frequency(TF)representation by the matched parameterized kernel, restricted by the structure of window function in short term Fourier transform,the energy diffusion phenomenon always occurred in the instantaneous frequency(IF). Synchrosqueezing transform can squeeze the diffused TF energy into the IF. However, it only works on the purely harmonic signal. To enhance the concentration of TF energy distribution, a general parameterized synchrosqueezing transform by combining the merits of both TF techniques is proposed.Considering the rotating vibration signal can be mostly viewed as a multi-component signal, an iterative technique is used to analyze the TF energy distribution of each mono-component and then a superposition of the TF energy distribution of each mono-component is viewed as the final TF representation of rotating machinery. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by numerical simulated signal, rotor misalignment and bearing outer race fault vibration signal under speed-varying condition.
引文
[1]林京,赵明.变转速下机械设备动态信号分析方法的回顾与展望[J].中国科学:技术科学,2015,45(7):669-686.LIN Jing,ZHAO Ming.Dynamic signal analysis for speed-varying machinery:A review[J].Scientia Sinica(Technologica),2015,45(7):669-686.
[2]陈小旺,冯志鹏,LIANG Ming.基于迭代广义同步压缩变换的时变工况行星齿轮箱故障诊断[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):131-137.CHEN Xiaowang,FENG Zhipeng,LIANG Ming.Planetary gearbox fault diagnosis under time-variant conditions based on iterative generalized synchrosqueezing transform[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):131-137.
[3]YU G,YU M,XU C.Synchroextracting transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(10):8042-8054.
[4]AUGER F,FLANDRIN F.Improving the readability of time-frequency and time-scale representations by the reassignment method[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1995,43(5):1068-1089.
[5]DAUBECHIES I,LU F J,WU H T.Synchrosqueezed wavelet transform:An empirical mode decomposition like tool[J].Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis,2011,30(2):243-261.
[6]THAKUR G,WU H T.Synchrosqueezing-based recovery of instantaneous frequency from nonuniform samples[J].SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis,2011,43(5):2078-2095.
[7]WANG S,CHEN X,CAI C,et al.Matching demodulation transform and synchrosqueezing in time-frequency analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(1):69-84.
[8]WANG S,CHEN X,LI G,et al.Matching demodulation transform with application to feature extraction of rotor rub-impact fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2014,63(5):1372-1383.
[9]赵明,林京,廖与禾,等.基于自适应短时Chirp-Fourier变换的瞬时转速估计及应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(14):8-14.ZHAO Ming,LIN Jing,LIAO Yuhe,et al.Instantaneous rotating speed estimation using adaptive short-time chirp-fourier transform and its application[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(14):8-14.
[10]YANG Y,PENG Z,DONG J,et al.General parameterized time-frequency transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(11):2751-2764.
[11]PENG Z,MENG G,CHU F,et al.Polynomial chirplet transform with application to instantaneous frequency estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentations and Measurement,2011,60(9):3222-3229.
[12]YANG Y,PENG Z,MENG G,et al.Spline-kernelled chirplet transform for the analysis of signals with time-varying frequency and its application[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(3):1612-1621.
[13]YANG Y,PENG Z,MENG G,et al.Characterize highly oscillating frequency modulation using generalized warblet transform[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2012,26(1):128-140.
[14]杨扬.参数化时频分析理论、方法及其在工程信号分析中的应用[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013.YANG Yang.Theory,methodology of parameterized time-frequency analysis and its application in engineering signal processing[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2013.
[15]CARMONA R,HWANG W,TORRESANI B,et al.Characterization of signals by the ridges of their wavelet transforms[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1997,45(10):2586-2590.
[16]BARANIUK R.G,FLANDRIN P,JANSSEN A J E M,et al.Measuring time-frequency information content using the Rényi entropies[J],IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,2001,47(4):1391-1409.
[17]SHI J,LIANG M,NECSULESCU D,et al.Generalized stepwise demodulation transform and synchrosqueezing for time-frequency analysis and bearing fault diagnosis[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2016,368:202-222.
[2]陈小旺,冯志鹏,LIANG Ming.基于迭代广义同步压缩变换的时变工况行星齿轮箱故障诊断[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(1):131-137.CHEN Xiaowang,FENG Zhipeng,LIANG Ming.Planetary gearbox fault diagnosis under time-variant conditions based on iterative generalized synchrosqueezing transform[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(1):131-137.
[3]YU G,YU M,XU C.Synchroextracting transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(10):8042-8054.
[4]AUGER F,FLANDRIN F.Improving the readability of time-frequency and time-scale representations by the reassignment method[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1995,43(5):1068-1089.
[5]DAUBECHIES I,LU F J,WU H T.Synchrosqueezed wavelet transform:An empirical mode decomposition like tool[J].Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis,2011,30(2):243-261.
[6]THAKUR G,WU H T.Synchrosqueezing-based recovery of instantaneous frequency from nonuniform samples[J].SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis,2011,43(5):2078-2095.
[7]WANG S,CHEN X,CAI C,et al.Matching demodulation transform and synchrosqueezing in time-frequency analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(1):69-84.
[8]WANG S,CHEN X,LI G,et al.Matching demodulation transform with application to feature extraction of rotor rub-impact fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2014,63(5):1372-1383.
[9]赵明,林京,廖与禾,等.基于自适应短时Chirp-Fourier变换的瞬时转速估计及应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(14):8-14.ZHAO Ming,LIN Jing,LIAO Yuhe,et al.Instantaneous rotating speed estimation using adaptive short-time chirp-fourier transform and its application[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(14):8-14.
[10]YANG Y,PENG Z,DONG J,et al.General parameterized time-frequency transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2014,62(11):2751-2764.
[11]PENG Z,MENG G,CHU F,et al.Polynomial chirplet transform with application to instantaneous frequency estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentations and Measurement,2011,60(9):3222-3229.
[12]YANG Y,PENG Z,MENG G,et al.Spline-kernelled chirplet transform for the analysis of signals with time-varying frequency and its application[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(3):1612-1621.
[13]YANG Y,PENG Z,MENG G,et al.Characterize highly oscillating frequency modulation using generalized warblet transform[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2012,26(1):128-140.
[14]杨扬.参数化时频分析理论、方法及其在工程信号分析中的应用[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013.YANG Yang.Theory,methodology of parameterized time-frequency analysis and its application in engineering signal processing[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2013.
[15]CARMONA R,HWANG W,TORRESANI B,et al.Characterization of signals by the ridges of their wavelet transforms[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1997,45(10):2586-2590.
[16]BARANIUK R.G,FLANDRIN P,JANSSEN A J E M,et al.Measuring time-frequency information content using the Rényi entropies[J],IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,2001,47(4):1391-1409.
[17]SHI J,LIANG M,NECSULESCU D,et al.Generalized stepwise demodulation transform and synchrosqueezing for time-frequency analysis and bearing fault diagnosis[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2016,368:202-222.