德国、日本、中国台湾地区多功能土地整治的经验与启示
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摘要
实现土地的综合发展是土地整治事业的终极目标。采用文献研究、比较分析和系统分析方法分析德国、日本、中国台湾地区多功能土地整治的特点与经验,探求适应新时期中国社会经济发展的土地整治新路径。结果表明,德国注重景观与生态保护的综合性整治,日本重视居住空间与农业用地共生,中国台湾地区聚焦优化农村生产、生活和生态"三生"条件。结合中国政策背景和土地基本国情,得出以下启示:应健全法律制度,实现土地整治的规范化管理;强化景观生态保护,促进人与自然和谐共生;改善农村"三生"条件,促进乡村振兴与发展;关注人的需要和公平正义,构建城乡等值的生活条件。
The ultimate goal of land consolidation is to realize its comprehensive development function.To explore the new path of land consolidation to adapt to the social and economic development in China,this paper analyzes the characteristics and experience of multifunctional land consolidation in Germany,Japan and Taiwan in China in a comparative and systematic manner,adopting the method of literature research.The resutls show that Germany highlights the integrated management of natural landscape and ecological protection;Japan concerns the symbiotic function of living space and agricultural land;Taiwan in China focuses on optimizing the production,life and ecology conditions in rural areas.Based on doemestic policies and the basic state of land,findings above suggestthat:(1)A wholesome legal system should be established to realize the standardized management of land consolidation;(2)The protection of landscape ecology should be prioritized to fulfill the harmonious coexistence of human and nature;(3)The production,life and ecology conditions in rural areas should be improved to promot rural revitalization and development;(4)Human needs and social justice are indispensable to creating the similar living in rural areas as that in cities.
The ultimate goal of land consolidation is to realize its comprehensive development function.To explore the new path of land consolidation to adapt to the social and economic development in China,this paper analyzes the characteristics and experience of multifunctional land consolidation in Germany,Japan and Taiwan in China in a comparative and systematic manner,adopting the method of literature research.The resutls show that Germany highlights the integrated management of natural landscape and ecological protection;Japan concerns the symbiotic function of living space and agricultural land;Taiwan in China focuses on optimizing the production,life and ecology conditions in rural areas.Based on doemestic policies and the basic state of land,findings above suggestthat:(1)A wholesome legal system should be established to realize the standardized management of land consolidation;(2)The protection of landscape ecology should be prioritized to fulfill the harmonious coexistence of human and nature;(3)The production,life and ecology conditions in rural areas should be improved to promot rural revitalization and development;(4)Human needs and social justice are indispensable to creating the similar living in rural areas as that in cities.
引文
[1]国土资源部土地整治中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2014.
[2]郭飞.国内外土地整治研究进展[J].广东土地科学,2013,12(1):15-21.
[3]国土资源部土地整治中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016.
[4]杨相和.国外土地整理的启示与借鉴[J].国土经济,2002(7):43-44.
[5]贾文涛,张中帆.德国土地整理借鉴[J].资源·产业,2005,7(2):77-79.
[6]毕宇珠.中德城乡发展与土地利用比较研究:以山东省和巴伐利亚州为例[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[7] KUPIDURA A,LUCZEWSKI M,HOME R,et al.Public perceptions of rural landscapes in land consolidation procedures in Poland[J].Land use policy,2014(39):313-319.
[8]张军连,李宪文,刘庆,等.国外市地整理模式研究[J].中国土地科学,2003,17(1):46-51.
[9]谈明洪,吕昌河.国外城市土地整理及对中国合理用地的启示[J].农业工程学报(增刊),2005,21(2):154-158.
[10]MUCHOVA M,LEITMANOVA M,PETROVIC F.Possibilities of optimal land use as a consequence of lessons learned from land consolidation projects(Slovakia)[J].Ecological engineering,2016(90):294-306.
[11]PASAKARNIS G,MORLEY D,MALIENE V.Rural development and challenges establishing sustainable land use in eastern European countries[J].Land use policy,2013,30(1):703-710.
[12]袁中友,杜继丰,王枫.日本土地整治经验及其对中国的启示[J].国土资源情报,2012(3):15-19.
[13]杨红.城市土地整治潜力研究[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2010.
[14]ISHII A,OKAMOTO M.Adjustment of tenanted farmland to considerate large sized paddy lots[J].Transactions of the Japanese society of irrigation drainage&reclamation engineering,2002(219):81-87.
[15]林家彬.日本国土政策及规划的最新动向及其启示[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(6):34-37.
[16]张宁宁.日本土地资源管理一瞥[J].中国土地科学,1999,13(1):45-47.
[17]国土资源部土地整治中心.国外土地整治相关法律法规文件译编[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2013.
[18]焦必方.日本农地规模化经营的动向与启示[J].复旦大学学报(社会科学版),2000(6):103-109.
[19]徐全红.转型期“三农”公共财政政策[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2009.
[20]董永廷.日本中海湖围垦工程的争论[J].环境科学选刊,1986,7(2):26-30.
[21]徐皎.日本人造陆地利用方向的演化[J].世界地理研究,2000,9(3):43-46.
[22]中岛直人,傅舒兰.东京中心城区的规划历程及其现状——探索迈向成熟都市的阶梯[J].亚洲城市,2013(2):60-67.
[23]赵城琦,后藤秀昭,田中滋夫.东京首都圈规划修订过程及其成果评价——以第1~3次首都圈基本规划为对象[J].城市与区域规划研究,2012(1):124-146.
[24]萧承勇.台湾地区的农地重划及其社会经济效益[J].农业工程学报,2001,17(5):172-176.
[25]谭峻.台湾地区第二次农地改革之启示[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(6):91-96.
[26]谢静琪.台湾土地重划与农村发展[J].中国土地,2015(6):53-62.
[27]刘瑞煌,陈意昌,张嵩林.农地重划区生态保育工法之初步探讨[J].水土保持研究,2001(4):100-105.
[28]谢静琪.土地重划[M].中国台北:五南出版公司,2014.
[29]胡红梅,张远索,张占录.台湾农村社区土地重划利益机制分析与借鉴[J].台湾农业探索,2014(1):7-12.
[30]刘汉,翟鹏.南张楼村的“巴伐利亚试验”[J].中国经济周刊,2005(37):12-17.
[2]郭飞.国内外土地整治研究进展[J].广东土地科学,2013,12(1):15-21.
[3]国土资源部土地整治中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2016.
[4]杨相和.国外土地整理的启示与借鉴[J].国土经济,2002(7):43-44.
[5]贾文涛,张中帆.德国土地整理借鉴[J].资源·产业,2005,7(2):77-79.
[6]毕宇珠.中德城乡发展与土地利用比较研究:以山东省和巴伐利亚州为例[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012.
[7] KUPIDURA A,LUCZEWSKI M,HOME R,et al.Public perceptions of rural landscapes in land consolidation procedures in Poland[J].Land use policy,2014(39):313-319.
[8]张军连,李宪文,刘庆,等.国外市地整理模式研究[J].中国土地科学,2003,17(1):46-51.
[9]谈明洪,吕昌河.国外城市土地整理及对中国合理用地的启示[J].农业工程学报(增刊),2005,21(2):154-158.
[10]MUCHOVA M,LEITMANOVA M,PETROVIC F.Possibilities of optimal land use as a consequence of lessons learned from land consolidation projects(Slovakia)[J].Ecological engineering,2016(90):294-306.
[11]PASAKARNIS G,MORLEY D,MALIENE V.Rural development and challenges establishing sustainable land use in eastern European countries[J].Land use policy,2013,30(1):703-710.
[12]袁中友,杜继丰,王枫.日本土地整治经验及其对中国的启示[J].国土资源情报,2012(3):15-19.
[13]杨红.城市土地整治潜力研究[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2010.
[14]ISHII A,OKAMOTO M.Adjustment of tenanted farmland to considerate large sized paddy lots[J].Transactions of the Japanese society of irrigation drainage&reclamation engineering,2002(219):81-87.
[15]林家彬.日本国土政策及规划的最新动向及其启示[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(6):34-37.
[16]张宁宁.日本土地资源管理一瞥[J].中国土地科学,1999,13(1):45-47.
[17]国土资源部土地整治中心.国外土地整治相关法律法规文件译编[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2013.
[18]焦必方.日本农地规模化经营的动向与启示[J].复旦大学学报(社会科学版),2000(6):103-109.
[19]徐全红.转型期“三农”公共财政政策[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2009.
[20]董永廷.日本中海湖围垦工程的争论[J].环境科学选刊,1986,7(2):26-30.
[21]徐皎.日本人造陆地利用方向的演化[J].世界地理研究,2000,9(3):43-46.
[22]中岛直人,傅舒兰.东京中心城区的规划历程及其现状——探索迈向成熟都市的阶梯[J].亚洲城市,2013(2):60-67.
[23]赵城琦,后藤秀昭,田中滋夫.东京首都圈规划修订过程及其成果评价——以第1~3次首都圈基本规划为对象[J].城市与区域规划研究,2012(1):124-146.
[24]萧承勇.台湾地区的农地重划及其社会经济效益[J].农业工程学报,2001,17(5):172-176.
[25]谭峻.台湾地区第二次农地改革之启示[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(6):91-96.
[26]谢静琪.台湾土地重划与农村发展[J].中国土地,2015(6):53-62.
[27]刘瑞煌,陈意昌,张嵩林.农地重划区生态保育工法之初步探讨[J].水土保持研究,2001(4):100-105.
[28]谢静琪.土地重划[M].中国台北:五南出版公司,2014.
[29]胡红梅,张远索,张占录.台湾农村社区土地重划利益机制分析与借鉴[J].台湾农业探索,2014(1):7-12.
[30]刘汉,翟鹏.南张楼村的“巴伐利亚试验”[J].中国经济周刊,2005(37):12-17.