输气管道内检测器断裂丢失及救援回收
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摘要
输气管道内检测器在管道中运行工作时,易在管壁形变、弯头及爬坡等承受较大阻力的位置,发生卡堵或局部断裂情况,给管道运行造成重大安全隐患,必须迅速定位、及时救援回收。针对中石化某输气管道发生内检测器局部断裂丢失的实际情况,通过分析原因、定位区间、制定方案、实施救援的步骤,及时安全有效地回收了断裂遗落在管道中的内检测器。结果表明:管道内检测器受到较大拉作用力时,极易在机械连接处断裂;丢失的检测器可通过磁信号探测仪精确定位;实施救援时选取的清管设备要根据被救援设备的质量、管道运行状态等进行特殊定制,确保一次救援成功。研究成果为输气管道内检测器的丢失救援提供了经验借鉴。
During the operation of the inner inspection tool in gas pipelines, it is vulnerable to sticking or local fracturing in the positions with higher resistance, e.g. pipe wall deformation, elbows and slopes, and consequently serious potential safety hazards are caused to the pipeline operation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out positioning and rescue as quickly as possible. In this paper, four steps(i.e., reason analysis, interval positioning, scheme formulation, rescue and retrieve implementation) were carried out to retrieve the inner inspection tool which was locally fractured and lost in one certain SINOPEC gas pipeline. And it was retrieved safely and effectively in time. The following research results were obtained. First, under higher tensile force, the inner inspection tool is vulnerable to fracturing at the mechanical joints. Second, the lost inspection tool can be positioned accurately using the magnetic-signal detection instrument. And third, the pigging devices selected for the rescue shall be prepared specially according to the weight of the rescued equipment and the operation state of pipeline to make sure successful rescue in one trip. It provides the experience and reference for the rescue of inner inspection tools missing in gas pipelines.
During the operation of the inner inspection tool in gas pipelines, it is vulnerable to sticking or local fracturing in the positions with higher resistance, e.g. pipe wall deformation, elbows and slopes, and consequently serious potential safety hazards are caused to the pipeline operation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out positioning and rescue as quickly as possible. In this paper, four steps(i.e., reason analysis, interval positioning, scheme formulation, rescue and retrieve implementation) were carried out to retrieve the inner inspection tool which was locally fractured and lost in one certain SINOPEC gas pipeline. And it was retrieved safely and effectively in time. The following research results were obtained. First, under higher tensile force, the inner inspection tool is vulnerable to fracturing at the mechanical joints. Second, the lost inspection tool can be positioned accurately using the magnetic-signal detection instrument. And third, the pigging devices selected for the rescue shall be prepared specially according to the weight of the rescued equipment and the operation state of pipeline to make sure successful rescue in one trip. It provides the experience and reference for the rescue of inner inspection tools missing in gas pipelines.
引文
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[17]顾亚雄,阳质量.输气管道内检测器速度控制[J].管道技术与设备,2013(2):17-18.GU Y X,YANG Z L.Running rate control of the detector within gas pipeline[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2013(2):17-18.
[18]戴波,徐光.基于泄流孔的管道内检测器运动状态分析[J].计算机与应用化学,2013,30(8):859-863.DAI B,XU G.Analysis on motion state of inner inspection tool based on drainage hole[J].Computers and Applied Chemistry,2013,30(8):859-863.
[19]谭桂斌,朱霄霄,张仕民,等.天然气管道调速清管器研究进展[J].油气储运,2011,30(6):411-416.TAN G B,ZHU X X,ZHANG S M,et al.Study progress in variable speed pig for natural gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(6):411-416.
[20]马立平,李允.基于GIS和SCADA技术的油气储运生产调度系统[J].管道技术与设备,2007(3):10-12,14.MA L P,LI Y.Production scheduling system of oil&gas storage with transport based on GIS and SCADA system[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2007(3):10-12,14.
[2]李育忠,郑宏丽,贾世民,等.国内外油气管道检测监测技术发展现状[J].石油科技论坛,2015,31(2):30-35.LI Y Z,ZHENG H L,JIA S M,et al.Status of oil&gas pipeline inspection and monitoring both at home and abroad[J].Oil Forum,2015,31(2):30-35.
[3]高丁.管道内检测器实时跟踪定位系统设计与实现[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012:5-8.GAO D.Design and implementation of real-time tracking and locating system for pipeline internal detector[D].Shenyang:Norheastern University,2012:5-8.
[4]孙博,聂文.管道内检测技术在输气管道中的研究与应用[J].石油化工自动化,2016,52(2):58-61.SUN B,NIE W.Study and application of inner measurement technology in gas transportation pipeline[J].Automation in Petro-Chemical Industry,2016,52(2):58-61.
[5]戴联双,张海亮,赵晓明,等.管道内检测器性能规格验证方法[J].油气储运,2016,35(6):596-599.DAI L S,ZHANG H L,ZHAO X M,et al.Performance verification methods for pipeline inner detectors[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(6):596-599.
[6]马振杰.清管与检测技术在川气东送管道中的研究与应用[D].成都:西南石油大学,2013:6-10.MA Z J.Study and application of pigging detection technologies in Sichuan to East Gas Transmission Pipeline[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2013:6-10.
[7]陈传胜.天然气长输管道在线内检测前的清管技术[J].天然气与石油,2013,31(5):1-4.CHEN C S.Pigging technology before online inner inspection on long-distance gas pipeline[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2013,31(5):1-4.
[8]李乾坤.管道智能内检测技术及实施流程[J].化工管理,2016(24):60-61.LI Q K.Pipeline inspection technology and implementation[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2016(24):60-61.
[9]BUBENIK T A,NESTLEROTH J B,EIBER R J,et al.Magnetic fl ux leakage(MFL)technology for natural gas pipeline inspection[J].NDT&E International,1992,30(1):36.
[10]李东升,王昌明,施祖康.天然气管道的内部漏磁检测技术[J].天然气工业,2001,21(6):88-89.LI D S,WANG C M,SHI Z K.Internal magnetic fi ux leakage detection technique of natural gas pipeline[J].Natural Gas Industry,2001,21(6):88-89.
[11]王鑫.内检测器在长输气管道内运行状态的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2009:12-16.WANG X.Study on the operation of internal detector in gas pipeline[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2009:12-16.
[12]曹让富.基于压力波与GPS长输管线内检测器实时定位模型[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014:22-25.CAO R F.A real time location model of pipeline internal detector based on the pressure wave and GPS[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2014:22-25.
[13]MIRSHAMSI M,RAFEEYAN M.Dynamic analysis and simulation of long pig in gas pipeline[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2015,23(5):294-303.
[14]NGUYEN T T,YOO H R,RHO Y W,et al.Speed control of PIG using bypass flow in natural gas pipeline[J].IEEEInternational Symposium on Industrial Electronics,2001,2:863-868.
[15]贾志成,张萌,田伟,等.油气管道内检测器定位技术[J].管道技术与设备,2016(4):36-38.JIA Z C,ZHANG M,TIAN W,et al.Oil and gas pipeline inspection gauge location technology[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2016(4):36-38.
[16]田旺和,任帅,王东,等.兰成渝成品油管线清管及内检测方案设计[J].管道技术与设备,2014(4):41-43.TIAN W H,REN S,WANG D,et al.Design of the pigging and internal inspection scheme for product oil pipeline of the Lanzhou-Chengdu-Chongqing[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2014(4):41-43.
[17]顾亚雄,阳质量.输气管道内检测器速度控制[J].管道技术与设备,2013(2):17-18.GU Y X,YANG Z L.Running rate control of the detector within gas pipeline[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2013(2):17-18.
[18]戴波,徐光.基于泄流孔的管道内检测器运动状态分析[J].计算机与应用化学,2013,30(8):859-863.DAI B,XU G.Analysis on motion state of inner inspection tool based on drainage hole[J].Computers and Applied Chemistry,2013,30(8):859-863.
[19]谭桂斌,朱霄霄,张仕民,等.天然气管道调速清管器研究进展[J].油气储运,2011,30(6):411-416.TAN G B,ZHU X X,ZHANG S M,et al.Study progress in variable speed pig for natural gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(6):411-416.
[20]马立平,李允.基于GIS和SCADA技术的油气储运生产调度系统[J].管道技术与设备,2007(3):10-12,14.MA L P,LI Y.Production scheduling system of oil&gas storage with transport based on GIS and SCADA system[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2007(3):10-12,14.